Yuelu Edition Seventh Grade History Volume 2

"From the Reign of Zhenguan to the Prosperous Age of Kaiyuan" PPT courseware of openness and innovation in the Sui and Tang Dynasties 2

1. The establishment of the Tang Dynasty and the rule of Zhenguan

1. The establishment of the Tang Dynasty

(1) Li Yuan established the Tang Dynasty

During the peasant uprising at the end of the Sui Dynasty, Li Yuan, a Sui Dynasty bureaucrat who originally guarded Taiyuan, took the opportunity to raise troops to rebel against the Sui Dynasty. After Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty was killed, in 618, Li Yuan proclaimed himself emperor, established the Tang Dynasty, and made Chang'an its capital. He then eliminated all rebel armies and separatist forces, and pacified the country.

(2) Li Shimin succeeded to the throne

In 626, Li Shimin ascended the throne, and the following year the reign was changed to "Zhenguan". He became the famous Taizong of Tang Dynasty in history.

2. "The Rule of Zhenguan"

(1) Tang Taizong’s thoughts on governing the country

Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty reigned for more than 20 years and created a prosperous period for the Tang Dynasty. He learned the lessons of the Sui Dynasty's rapid demise, was diligent in political affairs, accepted advice with an open mind, and followed what was good.

Minister Wei Zheng dared to speak out and gave advice more than 200 times. After Wei Zheng's death, Tang Taizong lamented the loss of a "mirror" through which he could know gains and losses. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty recruited talents and knew people well. At that time, there were many talents in the court. Fang Xuanling was good at strategy and Du Ruhui was brave in making decisions. They were all famous prime ministers in the Zhenguan period.

(2) Tang Taizong’s innovative measures

During the Zhenguan period, a series of innovative measures were implemented. Politically, ① further improve the system of three provinces and six ministries and clarify the powers and decision-making procedures of central agencies; ② formulate laws and reduce penalties; ③ increase the subjects of the imperial examination and encourage scholars to apply, and the Jinshi subject has gradually become the most important subject; ④ strict examination Achievements of officials at all levels. Economically, ① reduce the labor burden of the people and ② encourage the development of agricultural production.

(Three provinces: Zhongshu Province, Menxia Province and Shangshu Province; Six Ministries: Officials, Husbandry, Rites, War, Punishment and Works.)

(3) Tang Taizong strengthened his rule over the Western Regions

In the early Tang Dynasty, the Turks controlled vast areas of Mobei and the Western Regions, and often harassed the Tang Dynasty. During the Zhenguan period, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty launched a counterattack, defeated the Eastern and Western Turks successively, and strengthened his rule over the Western Regions.

(4) The rule of Zhenguan

During the reign of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, the politics were relatively clear, the economy was further developed, the national power was enhanced, and culture and education were prosperous. It was called the "Reign of Zhenguan" in history.

2. Empress Wu Zetian

1. Governing process

Wu Zetian was originally the concubine of Tang Gaozong, the third emperor of the Tang Dynasty, and she was resourceful and decisive. After she became the queen, she and Tang Gaozong were in charge of the government. After the death of Tang Gaozong, Wu Zetian successively deposed her two sons who had become emperors, replaced them with herself, and changed the name of the country to Zhou. She is the only female emperor in Chinese history.

2. Measures and functions in place

During Wu Zetian's reign, he cracked down on hostile bureaucrats and aristocrats; vigorously developed the imperial examination system, created a palace examination system, interviewed candidates in person, and selected talents in an eclectic way, thus expanding the basis of his rule. She continued to implement policies and measures to reduce people's burdens since Zhenguan, and attached great importance to the development of production. During her reign, the social economy continued to develop, the population continued to grow, and the frontiers were consolidated and developed. This laid the foundation for the subsequent emergence of the "Kaiyuan prosperous age".

3. The prosperous age of Kaiyuan

1. Measures taken during Tang Xuanzong’s reign

Tang Xuanzong was the grandson of Wu Zetian. He was not only versatile, but also very capable in governing the country. After he came to the throne, he stabilized the political situation, ① worked hard to govern, reused talents, and with the assistance of the virtuous prime ministers Yao Chong and Song Xi, he implemented a series of reforms: ② rectified official administration and reduced redundant staff; ③ developed the economy and reformed the tax system; ④ paid attention to culture and education, compiled Study scriptures.

2. "The prosperous age of Kaiyuan"

In the early years of the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the reign was named "Kaiyuan". At that time, the politics was stable, the economy was prosperous, the treasury was full, and people's lives were stable. The national power of the Tang Dynasty reached unprecedented strength and entered its heyday, which is known in history as the "Kaiyuan Heyday" .

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"From the "Reign of Zhenguan" to the "Kaiyuan Prosperity"" PPT courseware:

"From the Reign of Zhenguan to the Prosperous Age of Kaiyuan" PPT courseware Part One: The Reign of Zhenguan 1. Li Shimin succeeded to the throne. In the process of establishing the Tang Dynasty and unifying the country, Li Yuan's second son Li Shimin repeatedly made military exploits. He ascended the throne in 626 and changed his reign name to Zhenguan the following year (627).

"From the "Reign of Zhenguan" to the "Kaiyuan Prosperous Age"" PPT:

"From the Reign of Zhenguan to the Prosperous Age of Kaiyuan" PPT Part One: The Establishment of the Tang Dynasty and the Reign of Zhenguan 1. The Establishment of the Tang Dynasty (1) Li Yuan established the Tang Dynasty. During the peasant uprising at the end of the Sui Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty bureaucrats who originally guarded Taiyuan Li Yuan took the opportunity to raise troops to rebel against the Sui Dynasty. After Emperor Yang of Sui Dynasty was killed, in 618...

"From the Reign of Zhenguan to the Prosperous Age of Kaiyuan" PPT courseware of openness and innovation in the Sui and Tang Dynasties:

"From the Rule of Zhenguan to the Prosperous Age of Kaiyuan" PPT courseware of openness and innovation in the Sui and Tang Dynasties 1. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty and the Rule of Zhenguan 1. Political experience of the founding of the Tang Dynasty Guanlong military aristocrats, a prominent political family 2. Changes in the Xuanwu Gate 3. The Rule of Zhenguan Employing people regardless of their place of origin..