Yuelu Edition Ninth Grade History Volume 2

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"The Economic Crisis of the Capitalist World and Roosevelt's New Deal" PPT Courseware 2 on the Eastern and Western Worlds under the Versailles-Washington System

From 1922 to 1929, the U.S. economy experienced a boom: a surge in private cars, an abundance of household appliances, and an active construction market. The automobile, electrical appliances, and housing construction industries became the three pillar industries of the American economic prosperity in the 1920s. Shiny cars, abundant electrical products, everything seems so rich and comfortable. For a time, optimism permeated the entire American society.

1. The economic crisis from 1929 to 1933:

1. The concept of economic crisis

Capitalist economic crisis refers to the periodic social and economic chaos that occurs during the development of capitalist economy. Its basic feature is overproduction.

2. Manifestations of economic crisis

The economic crisis is also known as the "Great Depression." The "Great Depression" means that the actual price of commodities falls, purchasing power weakens, supply exceeds demand, a large number of commodities cannot be sold, unemployment increases, inventories expand, production shrinks, companies close one after another, public panic, and a general downturn in business activities, the entire social and economic life Trapped in extreme confusion and paralysis.

Fundamental reason: The contradiction between private ownership of the means of production and socialization of production

Main reason: Conflict between production and sales

Specific reasons: The huge gap between rich and poor

The industrial sector is under-operated and workers are unemployed

Excessive stock speculation

Direct cause (sign): New York stock plunge in the United States

Influence

① Triggering an economic crisis: The economies of major capitalist countries suffered unprecedented severe damage, the Great Depression occurred, and world trade volume dropped sharply.

② Trigger political crisis: People have doubts and despair about the entire capitalist system. Fascism begins to spread in some countries, causing social unrest. The bourgeois democratic system is crumbling.

③Causing tension in the world: In order to get out of trouble, major capitalist countries have adopted beggar-thy-neighbor methods to pass on the crisis. This has led to further chaos in the world economy and worsening international relations.

2. Roosevelt’s New Deal

1.Background

① President Hoover continued the traditional laissez-faire economic policy, which delayed the resolution of the crisis.

②Roosevelt was elected president with the slogan "New Deal".

2.Content

The Public Works Administration (PUBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRATION) mainly solves the problems of industrial revitalization and unemployment. A total of US$4 billion was invested before and after, and 34,000 construction projects were implemented, including public buildings, highways, bridges, dams, etc.

Before the implementation of the “New Deal”, only 10% of villages had access to electricity. By 1941, thanks to the government's low-interest loans, 40% of rural areas had access to electricity.

Evaluation: ①Essence - partial adjustment of production relations on the premise of maintaining the capitalist system, but it cannot change the essence of the capitalist system, nor can it fundamentally eliminate the economic crisis of capitalism.

② Impact - Economic: On the premise of maintaining the capitalist system, through state intervention in the economy, production relations were partially adjusted, and the U.S. economy was able to slowly recover. (mitigating crisis damage and promoting production recovery)

Politically: The New Deal improved the situation of the working people to a certain extent, eased class contradictions, curbed fascist forces, and saved and strengthened the American capitalist democratic system.

To the world: Creating a new model of state intervention in the economy, the New Deal fixed the state's responsibility for ensuring economic stability and development through legal forms. From then on, capitalism bid farewell to the era when "laissez-faire" policies dominated, and ushered in the era of state-led A period of state monopoly capitalism characterized by intervention in the economy.

Why is Roosevelt known as one of the greatest presidents in American history?

Leading the American people out of the economic crisis

Incorporate the experience of socialist countries in economic intervention into capitalist society to make the capitalist system full of vitality and vitality again

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For more information about the PPT courseware "The World Economic Crisis of Capitalism in the Eastern and Western Worlds under the Washington System of Versailles and Roosevelt's New Deal" PPT courseware, please click the ppt tag of The World Economic Crisis of Capitalism and Roosevelt's New Deal in the Eastern and Western World under the Washington System of Versailles.

"The Economic Crisis of the Capitalist World and Roosevelt's New Deal" PPT courseware on the Eastern and Western world under the Versailles-Washington system:

"The Economic Crisis of the Capitalist World and Roosevelt's New Deal" PPT courseware on the Eastern and Western world under the Versailles-Washington system. Content standards 1. Briefly describe the impact of the capitalist world economic crisis of 1929-1933. 2. Taking the Industrial Recovery Act as an example, evaluate the impact of Roosevelt’s New Deal on capitalist...

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Update Time: 2024-10-19

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