"Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor and fought with warlords" Revolution of 1911 and National Awakening PPT Courseware 2

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"Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor and fought with warlords" Revolution of 1911 and National Awakening PPT Courseware 2

"Northern government"

In 1895, Yuan Shikai began to train a new army for the Qing government. Later, a military group headed by him gradually formed. Because Yuan Shikai served as Beiyang Minister and Governor-General of Zhili for a long time, this military group is often called the Beiyang Warlords. The government during the period when the Beiyang warlords were in power was called the Beiyang Government, which lasted from 1912 to 1928.

1. Yuan Shikai’s dictatorship

1. Assassination of Song Jiaoren:

Reason: In 1912, Song Jiaoren advocated organizing a responsible cabinet and implementing democratic politics, and had a clear advantage in the congressional elections, causing Yuan Shikai to panic.

Result: Yuan Shikai sent people to assassinate Song Jiaoren, and Song Jiaoren died.

2. Suppress the second revolution:

Reason: Song Jiaoren case

Process: Sun Yat-sen called for rebellion against Yuan and launched the "second revolution"

Result: There was a great disparity in strength between the enemy and ourselves, and the second revolution failed.

Restoration of the monarchy

Thinking: What preparations (measures) did Yuan Shikai make for restoring the monarchy?

1. Order the dissolution of the Kuomintang and massacre Kuomintang members and democrats.

2. Seize newspapers and prohibit speech, assembly, and association.

3. Order the dissolution of Congress, abolish the State Council, and cancel the responsible cabinet.

4. The "Presidential Election Law" was concocted so that the president can serve an unlimited term and pass his position to his descendants.

5. Accept the "Twenty-one Articles" for the destruction of China.

2. The failure of the “Hongxian Monarchy”

1. Overview: On December 12, 1915, Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor, with the reign name "Hong Xian". 1916 was designated as the first year of Hong Xian, and he was called "Emperor of the Chinese Empire" and was known as the "Hong Xian Monarchy" in history.

2. Chinese people’s reaction: People from all walks of life rose up in opposition, and the massive national defense movement soon swept across many southern provinces.

3. Result: Yuan Shikai was forced to abolish the imperial system on March 23, 1916, only 83 days before and after.

3. Warlord melee

The period of rule by the Beiyang warlords was the darkest period in China’s modern history

bright dawn

Agricultural production has been destroyed and the economy has declined; exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous taxes have increased, and the burden on the people has increased; warlords have been separatist and chaotic, social unrest has been unrest, and people are living in dire straits.

4. Classroom Consolidation

1. The picture on the right is a satirical cartoon "The Truth About Government Figures" created by people at the time, which shows that although the government has the name of "republic", it is actually the world of the Yuan family. After Yuan Shikai became the interim president, he took the following measures to restore the monarchy.

① Make yourself a lifelong president

②Consolidate the status of the "Provisional Law"

③Dissolve the National Assembly

④ Seize newspapers and prohibit speech

A. (1) (2) (3) B. (2) (3) (4)

C. (1) (2) (4) D. (1) (3) (4)

2. Sun Yat-sen wrote an elegiac couplet: "Whoever protects citizens is the last to die; he who shed blood for the Constitution is the first person to be fair and truthful." The "公" in Sun Yat-sen's elegiac couplet is ( )

A. Tan Sitong B. Qiu Jin C. Song Jiaoren D. Huang Xing

3. Which of the following statements about the common characteristics of warlords in modern China is incorrect ( )

A. Always under the banner of safeguarding the republic

B. Fight with each other to expand strength

C. Selling national sovereignty

D. Relying on the imperialist powers as a backer

4. In order to realize the emperor's dream, Yuan Shikai accepted Japan's "Twenty-One Measures" at the expense of national sovereignty and national interests. Which of the following does not belong to "Twenty-One" ( )

A. Recognize that Japan inherits all the privileges of the empire in Shandong

B. Recognize Japan’s special rights in “Southern Manchuria” and eastern Inner Mongolia

C. cede Taiwan and the Penghu Islands to Japan

D. China hires Japanese consultants

Think about it; why did Yuan Shikai's restoration of the monarchy fail so quickly?

(1) Yuan Shikai's restoration and treason went against public opinion and went against the historical development trend of a democratic republic.

(2) The resolute struggle of the revolutionaries: the attack of the national defense movement and the opposition of the people across the country.

(3) The internal divisions among the Beiyang warlords and the abandonment of imperialism.

Those who go against the trend of history will be punished by history. The concept of democracy and republic is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

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"Yuan Shikai proclaims himself emperor and warlords fight" PPT courseware of the Revolution of 1911 and National Awakening:

"Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor and warlords fought" PPT courseware on the Revolution of 1911 and National Awakening. Review of the past situation The Revolution of 1911 was the first historic change in China that had just entered the 20th century. This revolution not only overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty, but also ended the rule of China for more than two thousand years.

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Update Time: 2024-09-04

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