"Why can generators generate electricity" PPT courseware on electric motors and generators

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"Why can generators generate electricity" PPT courseware on electric motors and generators

Get to know generators

Use wires to connect the battery, small light bulb, ammeter, and switch to form a closed circuit.

Connect a hand-operated generator and a small light bulb to the circuit. Turn the handle to make the coil rotate in the magnetic field, and the small light bulb will glow, indicating that there is current flowing through the small light bulb in the circuit.

The main application of the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction is in generators

Generator principle: electromagnetic induction phenomenon

Composition: magnet, coil

What are the main components of a generator?

Composed of two main components: magnets and coils

Explore the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction

A current-carrying conductor experiences a force in a magnetic field

Will electricity be generated when a conductor subjected to a force moves in a magnetic field?

2. Explore the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction

Conduct experiments and collect evidence

1 The switch is open and the circuit is open, regardless of any movement of the wire

2 The switch is closed, the circuit is open, and the wire remains stationary.

3. The switch is closed, the circuit is open, and some wires only move up and down.

4. The switch is closed, the circuit is open, and some wires only move left and right.

5. The switch is closed, the circuit is opened, and some wires move diagonally left and right.

Analysis and Demonstration

Conclusion: When a part of a conductor in a closed circuit moves to cut magnetic field lines in a magnetic field, an induced current will be generated in the conductor. This phenomenon is called electromagnetic induction.

The direction of the induced current is related to the direction of movement of the conductor's cutting magnetic field lines and the direction of the magnetic field.

1. Only the direction of movement of the conductor cutting magnetic field lines is changed, and the direction of the induced current is changed.

2. Only the direction of the magnetic field is changed, and the direction of the induced current is changed.

3. At the same time, the direction of movement of the conductor cutting magnetic field lines and the direction of the magnetic field are changed, and the direction of the induced current remains unchanged.

The British physicist Faraday began to explore the generation of electricity through magnetism. After 10 years of unremitting efforts, he finally discovered in 1831 that magnetism can also produce electricity.

The current generated in the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction is called induced current

Conversion of energy in the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction: mechanical energy into electrical energy

Practical alternator

The actual alternator has a relatively complex structure, but it is mainly composed of two parts: a rotor (rotating part) and a stator (fixed part). The rotor is driven by a water turbine, steam turbine or internal combustion engine.

Large generators emit very high voltages and strong currents, and generate electricity by keeping the coils stationary and the magnetic poles rotating. This type of generator is called a rotating magnetic pole generator.

Large-scale rotating magnetic pole generators can provide voltages from several thousand volts to tens of thousands of volts, and the power can reach hundreds of thousands of kilowatts, or even more than one million kilowatts.

In order to obtain a stronger magnetic field, coils should be embedded in the stator core slots, and electromagnets should be used instead of permanent magnets as the rotor.

generation of alternating current

1. Alternating current: a current that changes direction periodically

2. The cycle and frequency of alternating current:

(1) The time required for alternating current to complete a periodic change is called the cycle of alternating current.

(2) The number of cyclic changes in alternating current within 1 second is called the frequency of alternating current.

(3) Period and frequency are reciprocals of each other

(4) my country’s alternating current has a cycle of ______ seconds and a frequency of ______ Hertz that changes direction ______ times per second.

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Update Time: 2024-10-21

This template belongs to Physics courseware Guangdong and Shanghai Edition Ninth Grade Physics Volume 2 industry PPT template

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