"Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasty - The Consolidation of a Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State" From the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of a unified feudal state in the Qin and Han Dynasties PPT courseware download

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"Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasty - The Consolidation of a Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State" From the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of a unified feudal state in the Qin and Han Dynasties PPT courseware download

Part One Content: Longxing of the Great Han Dynasty

Han Gaozu Liu Bang

The Han Empire was established and the imperial rule was stabilized.

Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty Liu Heng

Implement the policy of light corvee and low tax to accumulate strength.

Liu Qi, Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty

Maintained the policies of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty and suppressed the Rebellion of the Seven Kings.

If the rulers and ministers of the Han Dynasty did not regard the concentration of power in the emperor as a prerequisite for the implementation of politics, but only allowed reasonable decentralization of power under unity, then the disturbing political problems in the early Han Dynasty for a hundred years would not have occurred, and would have been left to the Qin Dynasty. The autocratic regime established and the inevitable poison caused by it will be somewhat alleviated, and the vitality of society will also be fostered. But they dealt with this issue completely from the standpoint of one-man dictatorship, and the only goal they tried to achieve by all means was unified autocratic politics. ——Xu Fuguan's "History of Thought in the Han Dynasty (1)"

According to the materials, Mr. Xu Fuguan thinks it is reasonable for Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty to reduce the vassal status?

The Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty - the consolidation of the unified multi-ethnic feudal country PPT, the second part: The heyday of the Han Dynasty

The main policies of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty:

Politically: the promulgation of the Tweeting Order successfully weakened the power of the princes and kings; strengthened the imperial power, weakened the power of the prime minister, and established China and North Korea directly under the control of the emperor. The role of the Shangshu Order began to increase; a new system represented by the imperial examination system was established. Official selection system; the country is divided into 13 states and departments, with governors responsible for inspecting and supervising county-level officials, their children, and powerful forces within their jurisdiction; ruthless officials are appointed to govern local areas and severely crack down on the illegal activities of powerful people, knights, and other social forces.

Economically: reform the currency system and return the right to mint money to the central government; implement official management of salt and iron, with the government monopolizing the production and sales of salt and iron; implement equalization of losses, and the state will intervene and operate commercial trade to increase income and stabilize prices; suppress Industrial and commercial persons, levy property tax on them.

Ideologically: Accept Dong Zhongshu's suggestion and respect Confucianism.

Military: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty actively expanded territory on the basis of stabilizing the borders, captured large areas, sent Zhang Qian as envoy to the Western Regions, and opened up a transportation road between China and the West. This is the famous "Silk Road".

Ethnically: The Western Han Dynasty also managed the southeastern coastal and southwest minority areas more effectively than before.

Overall significance: The unified multi-ethnic feudal country has been consolidated and strengthened.

The Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty - the consolidation of the unified multi-ethnic feudal country PPT, the third part: the end of the Han Dynasty

official exploitation

Political darkness, official corruption

Tax Reform

All reforms are meant to increase taxes

financial difficulties

To break the predicament, we can only reform

People are in poverty

People cannot make a living, so they can only sell their fields

land annexation

Landlords get their land and try their best to avoid taxes

tax reduction

Government finances are under threat

Liu Xiu’s measures to consolidate power:

Politically: Strengthen the imperial power and enhance the role of the chancellery; strictly control the interference of foreign relatives in politics; cut off the average number of officials, cut off officials, and save expenses; rectify the administration of officials and punish corruption.

Economically: Inventory of farmland and household registration numbers across the country; release of slaves;

Ideologically: Pay attention to Confucianism.

Impact/evaluation of Liu Xiu’s policies

The social economy developed again under the stable political situation, which was known as the "Guangwu Zhongxing" in history.

The Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty - the consolidation of the unified multi-ethnic feudal country PPT, the fourth part: Han Culture

Major cultural achievements during the Han Dynasty:

Historiography: the first general history in the form of biographies is "Shiji"; the first step is the history of chronological periods in the form of biographies "Hanshu".

Literature: Han Fu, which pays attention to presentation and comparison, and has gorgeous diction; Yuefu poems, which are modified from folk songs collected by Yuefu. Many things reflect the real situation of society at that time.

Medicine: "Huangdi Neijing", which laid the foundation of traditional Chinese medicine theory; "Shen Nong's Materia Medica", the first pharmacological monograph in ancient China; Zhang Zhongjing's "Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases", known as the "Medical Sage"; Hua Tuo invented anesthetics "Ma Fei Powder".

Mathematics: "Nine Chapters on Arithmetic"; "Zhou Bi Suan Jing" was the first to quote the Pythagorean Theorem.

Technology: Cai Lun improved papermaking, which greatly promoted the spread and development of Chinese and world culture; Zhang Heng invented the wind seismometer.

Agricultural science: "Book of Si Sheng"; "Monthly Order of the Four People".

Many Chinese books, scientific and non-scientific publications have praised Zhang Heng's "seismograph"... Zhang Heng has become a model and symbol of Chinese scientific creativity, mainly because his seismograph is regarded as a "national treasure" and "national quintessence". ...If we evaluate Zhang Heng's seismograph from a more objective perspective, we must admit that it is very limited, and the records in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty are not necessarily reliable. For example, "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" says that Zhang Heng's seismometer could detect an earthquake that occurred in Gansu. Most people don't doubt this, but modern seismology points out that it's not that easy to determine the direction or center of an earthquake. How can we know the center of an earthquake if we only measure it at one location? How can a single instrument determine the origin of an earthquake? Is Zhang Heng's instrument more accurate than today's seismological instruments? ...If Zhang Heng had not made his seismometer, the French in the 18th and 19th centuries would still have invented their own seismic instruments. They did not rely on Zhang Heng in theory or technology. In other words, if Zhang Heng’s seismograph was taken out of the history of world science, would the history of science be different? What exactly is missing from the history of world science? ——Leopold Leeb, "Zhang Heng: Science and Religion"

According to the materials, what is Austrian scholar Lei Libo’s view on Zhang Heng’s seismometer?

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For more information about the PPT courseware "From the Origin of Chinese Civilization to the Establishment and Consolidation of the Unified Feudal State of Qin and Han Dynasties, the Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties - The Consolidation of the Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State", please click on From the Origin of Chinese Civilization to the Establishment and Consolidation of the Unified Feudal State of Qin and Han Dynasties Consolidate the ppt Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasty - consolidate the ppt label of unifying the multi-ethnic feudal country.

"Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasty - The Consolidation of a Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State" PPT teaching courseware:

"The Consolidation of the Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State in the Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties" PPT teaching courseware from the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of the unified feudal state in Qin and Han Dynasties Part One Content: Course Standards: 1. By understanding the Han Dynasty's elimination of vassals, expansion of territory, and respect for Confucianism and other measures recognize...

"Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties - The Consolidation of a Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State" PPT download:

"The Consolidation of the Unified Multi-Ethnic Feudal State in the Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties" From the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of the unified feudal state in the Qin and Han Dynasties PPT Download Part 1 Content: Course Standard 1. By understanding the Han Dynasty's elimination of vassals, expansion of territory, and respect for Confucianism and other initiatives to unify understanding...

"Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties - The Consolidation of a Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State" PPT courseware:

"The Consolidation of the Unified Multi-Ethnic Feudal State of the Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties" PPT courseware from the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of the unified feudal state of the Qin and Han Dynasties Part 1 content: Course standard requirements 1. Know the basic historical facts about the dynasty replacement of the Western Han and Eastern Han dynasties 2. Combination The background of Qin Su’s death,...

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Update Time: 2024-09-05

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