"Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasty - The Consolidation of the Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State" PPT from the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of the unified feudal state of Qin and Han Dynasties

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"Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasty - The Consolidation of the Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State" PPT from the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of the unified feudal state of Qin and Han Dynasties

Part One: Early Han Dynasty

The Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, with some gains and losses.

In the early days of the founding of the Western Han Dynasty, the basic systems of the Qin Dynasty were still inherited. As the war gradually subsided, the rulers calmed down and seriously summarized the gains and losses of the rise and fall of the Qin Dynasty, and began to make many major adjustments to the country's governance policies, which established and consolidated the socio-economic foundation and political system.

(1) Rest policy with the public:

Guiding ideology: Huang Lao Wuwei Thought

Policy: Reduce taxes, corvees and penalties, promote frugality, and reduce fiscal expenditures

Representative: Wenjing’s rule

Some erroneous analyzes of the reasons for the demise of the Qin Dynasty:

Xiang Yu: The Qin Dynasty abolished the enfeoffment and promoted prefectures and counties, going against the will of heaven.

Liu Bang: Qin used prefectures and counties instead of enfeoffing them. When the war broke out, the prefectures and counties were separated. There were no princes and kings with the same surname who raised troops to serve the king, which led to the destruction of the country.

parallel system of counties and states

Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty gradually cut off the princes and kings with different surnames, but "punished Qin's isolated defeat" and successively enfeoffed a group of princes and kings with the same surname.

When Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty was in power, he reduced the fiefdoms of the princes, which triggered rebellions in seven countries including Wu and Chu.

The Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty - the consolidation of the unified multi-ethnic feudal country PPT, the second part of the content: The heyday of the Western Han Dynasty - Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty

Background: After more than 60 years of recuperation, the country has become stronger

Reality:

Completely solve the kingdom's problems

Strengthen imperial power and strengthen the centralized system

Attack the Huns from the North

1. Defeated the Xiongnu: Appointed Wei Qing and Huo Qubing as generals, and after three major wars, captured a large area south of the Yinshan Mountains and the Hexi Corridor.

2. Four counties in Hexi: Jiuquan, Wuwei, Zhangye and Dunhuang counties were established in the Hexi Corridor.

3. Zhang Qian’s mission to the Western Regions (Silk Road)

4. In 60 BC, the Western Regions Protectorate was established in Wulei City as a military and political institution to manage the Western Regions.

5. Control over the southeastern coastal and southwest minority areas is more effective than before.

Influence:

(1) It opened up transportation routes between China and the West and greatly promoted the political, economic and cultural connections between the Western Regions and the Central Plains.

(2) Chinese silk fabrics spread along this road to Central Asia, West Asia, Europe and North Africa.

(3) Impact on China today.

The Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty - the consolidation of the unified multi-ethnic feudal country PPT, the third part: from the Western Han Dynasty to the Eastern Han Dynasty

Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty

(1) The establishment of the new dynasty: In 9 AD, Wang Mang, a relative of the Han Dynasty, seized the throne and changed the name of the country to a new one. The Western Han Dynasty was destroyed.

(2) Wang Mang's restructuring: Wang Mang implemented a series of reform measures in response to the social contradictions in the late Western Han Dynasty, trying to save the social crisis, but the measures were unrealistic and intensified the social contradictions.

(3) The fall of the New Dynasty: In the last years of the reign, severe drought and locust plagues occurred, triggering a large uprising of Green Forest and Red Eyebrow peasants. In 23 years, the regime was overthrown because the Green Forest Army defeated Wang Mang's main force in Kunyang and invaded Chang'an.

Western Han Dynasty and Eastern Han Dynasty - Consolidation of the Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal Country PPT, Part 4: Eastern Han Dynasty

In the 25th year of the Han Dynasty, Liu Xiu (Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty) of the Western Han Dynasty rebuilt the Han Dynasty, and soon the capital was Luoyang, which was known as the Eastern Han Dynasty in history. Implement a series of measures to achieve "Guangwu ZTE"

The Rise and Fall of the Eastern Han Dynasty

The middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty - the alternation of exclusive power between relatives and eunuchs

[The disaster of party imprisonment]

During the reign of Emperors Huan and Ling of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a party dispute between scholar-bureaucrats and eunuchs. The disaster of party imprisonment occurred twice, both ended in the failure of the scholar-bureaucrats. In the end, Emperor Ling was held hostage by the eunuchs and ordered that all the disciples, former officials, fathers, sons, and brothers of the "party members" should be exempted from official imprisonment. The disaster of the Party's imprisonment damaged the foundation of the Han Dynasty and paved the way for the Yellow Turban Uprising and the final demise of the Han Dynasty.

【Yellow Turban Uprising】

Background: The power of powerful landlords developed rapidly in the Eastern Han Dynasty, land annexation was serious, and class conflicts became increasingly acute; relatives and eunuchs alternated in power; natural disasters were severe, and the people were miserable.

Overview: The secret folk religion "Taipingdao" founded by Zhang Jiao in the late Eastern Han Dynasty launched uprisings in many places at the same time. The rebels wore yellow scarves on their heads and were called the "Yellow Turban Army". The uprising lasted for 9 months and ended in failure.

Impact: The ruling foundation of the Eastern Han Dynasty was shaken. Local governors took the opportunity to support themselves with troops, and warlord separatism emerged. The Eastern Han Dynasty existed in name only.

The Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty - the consolidation of the unified multi-ethnic feudal country PPT, the fifth part: the culture of the two Han Dynasties

1. Historical achievements

Book title: "Historical Records"

Author: (Western Han Dynasty) Sima Qian

Content: In the form of chronicles, tables, books, aristocratic families, and biographies, it narrates about 3,000 years of history from the time of the Yellow Emperor to the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, with a total of 130 volumes.

Status: pioneered the genre of biographical general history, the first biographical general history in my country

Evaluation: The writing is concise, the characterization and narrative are vivid, and there is no false beauty or hidden evil. It is an immortal masterpiece with both historical and literary characteristics. It is known as "the swan song of historians and the most rhyme-free Li Sao"

Book title: "Book of Han"

Author: (Eastern Han Dynasty) Ban Gu

Content: In the form of chronicles, tables, records and biographies, it narrates the history of 230 years from the sixth year of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty to the fourth year of Emperor Wang Mang. A total of 100 volumes

Status: my country’s first biographical chronological history

Evaluation: The language is neat and neat, and it often uses couplets. Since then, later history books have imitated its style to compile chronological histories in the biographical style.

2. Other achievements

1. Literary achievements: Han Fu, Yuefu poems

2. Medical achievements:

(1) "Huangdi Neijing" - laid the foundation for the theory of traditional Chinese medicine

(2) "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" - the first pharmacological monograph in ancient China

(3) Zhang Zhongjing - author of "Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases" and was hailed as the "Sage of Medicine" by later generations

(4) Hua Tuo - Surgery, Ma Fei Powder, Wu Qin Xi

3. Mathematics achievements:

(1) Western Han Dynasty: "Pythagorean Theorem" in "Zhou Bi Suan Jing"

(2) Eastern Han Dynasty: "Nine Chapters on Arithmetic"

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"Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasty - The Consolidation of a Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State" PPT courseware download:

"The Consolidation of the Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State in the Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties" PPT courseware download from the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of the unified feudal state in the Qin and Han Dynasties. The first part of the content: Longxing of the Han Dynasty Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, established the Han Empire and stabilized the imperial rule. Emperor Liu of Han Dynasty...

"Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasty - The Consolidation of a Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State" PPT teaching courseware:

"The Consolidation of the Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State in the Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties" PPT teaching courseware from the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of the unified feudal state in Qin and Han Dynasties Part One Content: Course Standards: 1. By understanding the Han Dynasty's elimination of vassals, expansion of territory, and respect for Confucianism and other measures recognize...

"Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties - The Consolidation of a Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State" PPT download:

"The Consolidation of the Unified Multi-Ethnic Feudal State in the Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties" From the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of the unified feudal state in the Qin and Han Dynasties PPT Download Part 1 Content: Course Standard 1. By understanding the Han Dynasty's elimination of vassals, expansion of territory, and respect for Confucianism and other initiatives to unify understanding...

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Update Time: 2024-09-07

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