"Water Resources" China's natural resources PPT courseware 4

Description

"Water Resources" China's natural resources PPT courseware 4

Curriculum Standards

1. Understand the status of my country’s water resources.

2. Understand the distribution characteristics, causes and effects of water resources in my country.

3. Understand the importance of saving water and protecting water resources.

knowledge and abilities

1. Understand that water resources are limited and the current situation of water resources in our country.

2. Know the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of my country’s water resources.

3. Use examples to describe the large-scale projects built in my country to solve the uneven distribution of water resources.

4. Cultivate the ability to read and analyze pictures and the ability to collect, organize and communicate information and materials.

Emotional attitude values

Establish a resource perspective of cherishing, rationally utilizing, and advocating water conservation, and cultivate awareness of water resource protection.

focus

1. The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of water resources and corresponding engineering construction.

2. Establish a correct awareness of water resources protection and utilization.

difficulty

1. Investigate, organize information, and improve expression skills.

2. The breakthrough lies in cultivating interest in learning geography through activities, forming an active learning attitude, and learning how to learn geography.

1. Water is a precious resource

Water resources are the material basis for all production and life in human society. Without water and water resources, there would be no human beings. However, water and water resources are different in terms of natural material concepts. Water resources are not equal to water. Water resources only account for the water in the earth system. 3/100,000, or about 47 trillion tons. Water resources are very limited and an irreplaceable resource.

What is water?

Water is an important part of natural resources and the structural component of all living things and the main material basis for life activities. On a global scale, water is the link connecting all ecosystems. Natural ecosystems can not only control the flow of water, but also continuously promote the purification and repeated circulation of water. Therefore, water in the natural environment has decisive significance for the survival of living things and humans.

Distinguish the following concepts:

Water resources: Broadly speaking, it refers to the total amount of water on the earth including seawater. The water resources we usually refer to mainly refer to fresh water on land.

Water energy resources: often refers to the energy generated by river or tidal movements.

Water resources: including rivers, lakes, groundwater, mountain snow and glacier snowmelt, etc., which can be used for people’s life and production, water sources for agricultural irrigation, natural water energy contained in rivers, coastal tides, waves, and ocean currents, rivers , lakes, harbors and other waterways that can be used for shipping, as well as waters that can be used to develop aquaculture.

2. Uneven distribution of water resources

Bar chart of annual changes in precipitation in Harbin, Beijing, Wuhan and Guangzhou

More in summer and autumn, less in winter and spring

Precipitation is the main source of water in rivers and lakes. What impact will more or less precipitation have on people's lives?

In summer, precipitation in our country is concentrated, and rivers swell during the flood season. A large amount of precious fresh water resources flow into the sea in vain, and it is easy to cause flood disasters. In winter and spring, precipitation is low, and rivers enter the dry season. Some rivers in the north even dry up and bottom out, causing serious water shortages.

3. Save water and protect water resources

1. Utilization of water resources

(1) Water supply is tight and water shortages continue to worsen.

(2) The utilization rate of water resources is low and the waste is staggering.

(3) Water pollution has seriously affected the available value of water resources, further exacerbating my country's water shortage.

2. Save water

a.Agricultural water saving

Change irrigation methods, abandon flood irrigation and gravity irrigation, and promote sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation technologies

Change crop varieties to ones that are drought tolerant and use less water

Reduce the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers

b.Industrial water saving

Industrial water reuse and recycling

Reduce production water consumption and improve utilization efficiency

Sewage treatment, discharge up to standard

c. Water saving in life

Domestic water, one water for multiple uses

Promote water-saving appliances

Use less detergent and cleaners

Tips for saving water at home

1. Choose a water-saving faucet

The key to choosing a water-saving faucet is to look at the speed of the switch. A sensitive control switch can shorten the water flow time and save water flow.

2. Install a flow control valve under the faucet

For plate-handled faucets that do not control the water volume in cabinets or bathrooms, a flow control valve should be installed to adjust the water output as needed to achieve the purpose of saving water.

3. Taking a shower instead of a bathtub saves water and electricity.

Showering saves more water and electricity than bathing. Developing a shower habit is not only hygienic and healthy, but also saves money.

4. Turn down the shower water temperature

It is estimated that lowering the national average shower water temperature by one degree can reduce carbon emissions by 520,000 tons and save energy by 743,000 tons of standard coal a year.

5. The new shower head has good water saving effect

The new shower head can use professional technology to break water into millions of tiny particles and mix them with air to form a shower flow, which can save 40-50% of water.

Main foreign rainwater utilization facilities

The facilities used abroad to utilize rainwater by blocking and storing rainwater in urbanized areas mainly include: detention ponds, flood control ponds, flood storage tunnel systems, roof water storage systems, and underground pool water storage systems.

Roof water storage systems can be used to collect rainwater on flat or relatively flat roofs and regulate runoff on site.

The underground pool water storage system collects stormwater runoff and stores it in the underground pool, and the upper area of ​​the pool can be used.

Facilities for rainwater utilization through rainwater infiltration and groundwater recharge mainly include: permeable pavement, grassy depressions, under-eaves seepage wells, drainage flower pipes and seepage trenches, seepage trenches, seepage pits, seepage well systems, etc.

Seepage wells under the eaves are generally suitable for areas with shallow gravel layers and are dug manually. Seepage wells are generally placed under the downspouts of houses. Japanese research shows that their recharge volume can reach 10% of the groundwater extraction volume in the basin. above.

Drainage ditch flower pipes are laid in a ditch filled with gravel, and a sand cushion is laid at the bottom of the ditch. The supply method of the flower pipes is linear, which is more superior than the supply of seepage wells.

The Three Gorges Project is “the best in the world”

The Three Gorges Project is listed as one of the global super projects, ranking among the “Top Ten” in the world:

(1) The water conservancy project with the most significant flood control benefits; (2) The world's largest power station; (3) The water conservancy project with the largest construction scale; (4) The water conservancy project with the largest construction volume; (5) The water conservancy project with the most difficult construction; ( 6) The water conservancy project with the largest flow during the construction period; (7) The flood gate with the largest flood discharge capacity; (8) The inland river ship lock with the largest number of stages and the highest total water head; (9) The largest and most difficult ship lift; (10) It is the immigration construction project with the largest number of immigrants and the most arduous work in the world.

Consolidate training

1. The freshwater resources used in large quantities in our country’s life and production mainly come from ( )

A.River water, ice water B.River water, freshwater lake water, groundwater

C. Groundwater D. Groundwater, desalinated seawater

2. The temporal distribution pattern of water resources in my country is ( )

A. More in summer and autumn, less in winter and spring B. Less in summer and autumn, more in winter and spring

C. More in the southeast and less in the northwest D. Less in the southeast and more in the northwest

3. The main measures to solve the disparity in regional distribution of water resources in my country are ( )

A. Prevent water pollution B. Build reservoirs

C. Cross-basin high-mountain water diversion D. Water conservation

4. The measures to solve the seasonal changes in my country’s water resources are ( )

A.Transfer water across basins B.Prevent water pollution

C. Build a reservoir D. Save water

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For more information about the "Water Resources China's Natural Resources" PPT courseware, please click the Water Resources ppt China's Natural Resources ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-10-29

This template belongs to Geography courseware People's Education Edition Geography for Grade 8 Volume 1 industry PPT template

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