"Wandering in the Garden" PPT courseware

"Wandering in the Garden" PPT courseware

Tang Xianzu’s life and creation

Tang Xianzu's life

Tang Xianzu (1550-1616), whose courtesy name was Yiyi and whose nickname was Ruoshi, was from Linchuan, Jiangxi. In the eleventh year of Wanli (AD 1583), he was awarded the Jinshi title and was awarded the title of Dr. Taichang of Nanjing and the director of the Ministry of Rites. He had contacts with Gu Xiancheng, Gao Panlong and others. In the 19th year of Wanli's reign, he wrote a letter to discuss politics and was demoted to Xuwen, Guangdong. In the 21st year of Wanli, he was transferred to the magistrate of Suichang County, Zhejiang Province. In the 26th year of Wanli's reign, he abandoned his official position and returned to Linchuan.

Tang Xianzu's creations

In addition to his unfinished early work "The Purple Flute", Tang Xianzu's dramatic works mainly include four legends: "The Purple Hairpin", "The Return of the Soul" (i.e. "The Peony Pavilion"), "The Story of Nanke" and "The Story of Handan". Because they all contain plots of divinely inspired dreams, they are collectively called the "Four Dreams of Linchuan". And because the hall where Tang Xianzu lived in Linchuan is named Yumingtang, they are also called the "Four Dreams of Yumingtang". The first two works are about the love stories of young men and women, mainly reflecting his praise of true love; the latter two works are about the ups and downs of feudal scholars, mainly reflecting his thinking on politics.

"Peony Pavilion"

"Return of the Soul at the Peony Pavilion", referred to as "The Peony Pavilion", also known as "Return of the Soul", is the representative work of Tang Xianzu, written in Linchuan in the 26th year of Wanli (1598). The story of "The Peony Pavilion" comes from the story-telling novel "The Story of Du Liniang". Some original sentences from the story-telling novel are still retained in some chapters, but the author has made fundamental changes to the novel.

theme

"The Peony Pavilion" is an outstanding love tragedy and comedy in the history of Chinese drama, and a landmark work after "The Romance of the West Chamber". Through the life-and-death love story of Du Liniang and Liu Mengmei, the author passionately praises the heroine's death for "love" and the touching feeling of being born because of "love". It expresses the spirit of the times in the middle and late Ming Dynasty that opposed the rule of Neo-Confucianism and demanded the liberation of personality. It exposed the hypocrisy and callousness of feudal ethics.

Plot summary

Liu Mengmei, a poor scholar, dreamed of a beautiful woman standing under a plum tree in a garden, saying that she was destined to be married to him, and he missed her often from then on. The daughter of Du Bao, the prefect of Nan'an, was named Liniang. She was talented and beautiful and studied under Chen Zuiliang. After returning from the garden, she fell asleep and saw a scholar holding a half branch of a weeping willow coming to woo her. The two had a tryst by the Peony Pavilion. Du Liniang became depressed and emaciated from then on, and could not afford to fall ill. When she was dying, she asked her mother to bury her under the plum tree in the garden, and asked her maid Chunxiang to hide her self-portrait under the rocks of Taihu Lake. His father was promoted to be the pacifier of Huaiyang and entrusted Chen Zuiliang to bury his daughter and build the "Plum Blossom Temple". Three years later, Liu Mengmei went to Beijing to take the imperial examination and stayed at the Plum Blossom Temple. He found the portrait of Du Liniang under a Taihu stone and found that it was the beauty he had seen in his dream. Du Liniang's soul wanders to the back garden and has a tryst with Liu Mengmei again. Liu Mengmei dug up the grave and opened the coffin, Du Liniang came back to life, and the two got married.

"The Peony Pavilion" has two distinct characteristics in character creation: First, it reveals the characters' personalities in the development process of contradictions and struggles. Changes in the plot promote the development of the characters, and the development of the characters promotes the emergence of new plots. In the mutual advancement of character and plot, a perfect artistic image is gradually formed.

The second is the delicate psychological characterization.

The artistic characteristics of "Dream of Dreams":

(1) Psychological characterization of the deepest three points.

(2) The artistic conception of interweaving reality and fantasy.

(3) Gorgeous and skillful language style.

"The Peony Pavilion" is famous for its classical and beautiful lyrics. The lyrics are poetic, beautiful and moving, and the narration is wonderful, vivid and full of personality. The songs "Jing Meng", "Looking for Dreams", "Portraits" and "Picking Paintings" are all as beautiful as pearls.

[Zao Luo Pao] Song: "Originally, the colorful flowers were blooming all over the place, but they all ended up in ruined wells and ruined walls. The sky is full of beautiful scenery in good times, who can enjoy the pleasure! Flying in the morning and rolling in the evening, clouds and green pavilions. Raindrops, wind and smoke are painted. The boat──the people from Jinping looked at it so cheaply!

[Lazy Thrush] Song: "The most sultry spring scenery is this year. If you don't have anything low, make it high to paint the walls. It turns out that the heart of spring is flying everywhere. Sleeping tea □ seizes the skirt line, it is just like flowers that are like people's hearts. "

The influence and spread of "The Peony Pavilion"

After this drama came out, it was immediately widely circulated and had a huge impact, so much so that it was "recited from family to family, and the price of the Western Chamber was reduced several times" (Shen Defu, "Miscellaneous Statements of Gu Qu"). Because the play profoundly reveals the common situation of young women in that era, it is especially favored by them. During the Wanli period, Feng Xiaoqing, a talented girl from the south of the Yangtze River, once wrote this poem in her lonely life living in a water pavilion: "The cold rain cannot be heard through the secluded window, so I turn on the lamp and look at the Peony Pavilion. There are people in the world who are also obsessed with me. Is Xiaoqing the only one who is sad?" ." expressed the strong resonance in her heart.

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