"Utilization of Fossil Fuels" Fuel and Combustion PPT Courseware 3

Description

"Utilization of Fossil Fuels" Fuel and Combustion PPT Courseware 3

Three major fossil fuels

1. Coal, “the food of industry” and “black gold”

2. Petroleum is the “blood of the industry”

3. Natural gas

The main component of important gas fossil fuel is methane CH4

These fuels, like fossils, were formed after a very long time and complex changes, so they are called fossil fuels. Since the time and changes required for their formation are unrepeatable for us humans, they are non-renewable energy sources.

Know more

Methane (main component of natural gas)

Physical properties: colorless, odorless gas, extremely difficult to dissolve in water, less dense than air

Chemical properties: Easy to burn, producing blue flame when burning, producing water and carbon dioxide gas

Activity world 6-5

Read the table on page 132 of the textbook and answer the following questions:

1 From an economic point of view, which fuel is more cost-effective?

Which fuel should be promoted first in terms of resource conservation, environmental protection, ease of use and other factors?

Why is charcoal often used for grilling food instead of other fuels listed in the table?

2Choose a fuel that meets the following uses and explain the reasons.

(1) Residential heating in winter

(2) Urban residents cook

Exchange and discussion

The burning of fossil fuels pollutes the air. How can we reduce this pollution?

Burn low-sulfur high-quality coal or use fuel desulfurization technology to reduce SO2 emissions.

Try to burn the fuel completely.

Plant trees.

Reduce the burning of fossil fuels.

Development of new energy.

Comprehensive utilization of coal

Gasification causes incomplete combustion of coal in the absence of oxygen

Coking (retorting): Isolating air and intensifying heat to decompose coal

Liquefaction cracks and hydrogenates coal under the action of high-temperature and high-pressure catalysts, etc.

Natural gas (mainly containing methane)

Methane combustion phenomenon:

1. Combustion heat release

2. Produce blue flame

3. There is water mist on the inner wall of the beaker

4. Gas is generated that makes clear lime water turbid.

Alternative Energy

1. Ethanol

Commonly known as alcohol, the chemical formula is C2H5OH, which can be produced through the fermentation of sorghum, corn and other grains.

2. Combustible ice (CH4·H2O)

The scientific name of flammable ice is "natural gas hydrate", which is an "ice cube" formed by natural gas crystallizing under the action of 0℃ and 30 atmospheres. Methane accounts for 80% -99.9% of "ice cubes" and can be ignited directly. There is almost no residue produced after combustion, and the pollution is much less than coal, oil, and natural gas. Western scholars call it "21st century energy" or "future energy".

What you should master in this lesson:

1. Three major fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas

2. Fossil fuels and environmental pollution: global climate change, air pollution, thermal pollution

3. Comprehensive utilization of fossil fuels: coal carbonization, petroleum fractionation

4. New energy sources developed and utilized: solar energy, nuclear energy, hydrogen energy, wind energy, tidal energy, geothermal energy

5. Solve the energy crisis:

①Save energy

②Develop and utilize new energy

③ Strengthen the comprehensive utilization of fossil fuels

Classroom testing

1. The three most important fossil fuels in the world today are _____________, of which _____________ is called the "food of industry" and _____________ is called the "blood of industry".

2. Coal is the main fuel for industry and civil use. The burning of large amounts of coal will cause a decrease in air quality and cause great harm to people’s life, production and health. Do you think the main substances causing air pollution due to coal burning are _____, _____ , _____, smoke, etc.

3. Which of the following understandings about fuel is correct ( )

A. Because burning fossil fuels produces pollution, their use should be banned.

B. Full combustion of fuel is very important for saving energy and reducing environmental pollution.

C. Hydrogen is clean and easy to ignite, and can currently be promoted as a living fuel.

D. Fossil fuels are facing depletion and must be rationally exploited and comprehensively utilized.

4. Which of the following are pure substances ( )

A.Petroleum B.Liquefied petroleum gas

C. Coal D. Carbon dioxide

7. How to prove through experiments that the main component of fuel in lighters is hydrocarbons?

Experimental program:

Light the lighter, place a dry and cold beaker over the flame, and observe the phenomenon. Then quickly pour lime water into the beaker, shake and observe the phenomenon.

Experimental phenomena:

Water droplets appear on the inner wall of the beaker, a large amount of heat is released, and the lime water becomes turbid.

Experimental results:

The main component of fuel in lighters is hydrocarbons.

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"Utilization of Fossil Fuels" Fuel and Combustion PPT Courseware 2:

"Utilization of Fossil Fuels" Fuel and Combustion PPT Courseware 2 Fossil Fuels Three major fossil fuels Coal: the food of industry, one of the oldest fossil fuels in human history Petroleum: the blood of industry Natural gas: flammable gas naturally formed underground, The main ingredients are...

"Utilization of Fossil Fuels" Fuel and Combustion PPT Courseware:

"Utilization of Fossil Fuels" Fuel and Combustion PPT Courseware Fossil Fuels Coal, oil and natural gas are the three most important fossil fuels in the world. Coal, also called coal, is one of the oldest fossil fuels in the world and is known as the food of industry. Oil is praised by people...

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Update Time: 2024-10-20

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware Hunan Education Edition Ninth Grade Chemistry Volume 1 industry PPT template

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