"Using Frequency to Estimate Probability" Further understanding of probability PPT courseware 2

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"Using Frequency to Estimate Probability" Further understanding of probability PPT courseware 2

Census: A comprehensive survey of inspection objects for a certain purpose is called a census;

Overall, the totality of the objects to be investigated is called the overall.

Individual Each object of investigation that makes up the whole is called an individual;

Sampling survey: Select some individuals from the population for investigation, which is called sampling survey;

Sample A part of individuals drawn from the population is called a sample of the population;

Frequency In the investigation, the number of times each object appears is called frequency.

Frequency The ratio of the number of times each object appears to the total number of times is called frequency.

Probability The possibility of an event occurring, also known as the probability of an event occurring.

The probability of an inevitable event occurring is 1 (or 100%),

Recorded as P (necessary event) = 1;

The probability of an impossible event happening is 0,

Denoted as P(impossible event)=0;

The probability of a random event (uncertain event) occurring is between 0 and 1, that is, 0

If A is a random event (uncertain event),

Then 0

Although it cannot be determined in advance whether a random event occurs in an experiment, its occurrence shows a certain regularity in a large number of repeated experiments. The frequency of occurrence values ​​is close to a constant.

It can be seen from the definition:

(1) The basic method to find the probability of an event is through a large number of repeated experiments;

(2) Only when the frequency swings around a certain constant, this constant is called the probability of event A;

(3) Probability is the stable value of frequency, and frequency is the approximate value of probability;

(4) Probability reflects the likelihood of a random event occurring;

(5) The probability of a necessary event is 1, and the probability of an impossible event is 0. Therefore 0≤P(A)≤1.

Similarities and Differences between Frequency and Probability

The probability of an event occurring is a fixed value.

The frequency of events fluctuates and is related to the number of trials.

When the number of trials is not large, the deviation between the frequency of events and the probability can even be large.

Only through a large number of experiments, when the test frequency area becomes stable, can the frequency of event occurrence be used to estimate the probability.

Closing message:

Probability is a mathematical description of random phenomena. It can help us better understand random phenomena and make our own decisions about some uncertain situations in life.

On the surface, every observation of a random phenomenon is accidental, but if you observe a random phenomenon multiple times, you can immediately find that there are inevitable laws among a large number of accidents.

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"Estimating Probability Using Frequency" PPT courseware download:

"Using Frequency to Estimate Probability" PPT courseware download Part 1: Learning objectives: Through experiments, statistics and other activities, be able to use experimental methods to estimate the probability of some complex random events. New Lesson Introduction The following events are certain events: ( ) A. Throw one...

"Estimating Probability Using Frequency" PPT download:

"Using Frequency to Estimate Probability" PPT Download Part One Content: Teaching Objectives 1. Through experiments and operations, understand the uncertainty of whether random events will occur in each experiment, and understand the relationship between the number of repeated experiments and the frequency of events. relation. 2. Ability to follow frequency...

"Estimating Probability Using Frequency" PPT courseware:

Contents of the first part of the PPT courseware "Using Frequency to Estimate Probability": Do it (1) Toss an even coin 400 times. Every 50 times, record the number of heads and tails. After summarizing the data, complete the following table : (2) Based on the data in the above table, draw a polyline in the graph..

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Update Time: 2024-09-09

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