"Usageism" PPT teaching courseware

Description

"Usageism" PPT teaching courseware

The first part: independent learning before class

1. Know the author

A great master of modern literature——Lu Xun

Lu Xun (1881-1936)①, formerly known as Zhou Shuren, was a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. He was a great modern writer, thinker and revolutionary in my country. He created a large number of works throughout his life and had a huge impact on the development of modern literature in my country. His main works include the short story collection "Scream" and "Wandering", the historical novel collection "New Stories", the prose collection "Morning Flowers Picked at Dusk", the prose poetry collection "Weeds", and a large number of essay collections, such as: "Grave", "Just" "Collection of Two Hearts", "Collection of Huagai", "Collection of Nanqiang and Northern Diao", "Qiejieting Essays", etc.

[Companion Reading] ①Keep in mind the year of Lu Xun’s birth and death: He slapped the reactionaries on the left (18) and on the right (81). Together they are the year of Lu Xun’s birth (1881). The total of the two slaps It is (36), that is, Lu Xun died in (1936).

2. Know the background

This article was written on June 4, 1934. After the "September 18th" Incident, Chiang Kai-shek's reactionary government pursued an outright traitorous surrender line in politics, economy, culture and art, carried out counter-revolutionary cultural "encirclement and suppression", and advocated "total Westernization." In addition to trampling on our country's territorial sovereignty and frantically plundering our country's economic resources, the British and American imperialists also used decadent and declining Western culture to corrupt our people, carry out military, economic, and cultural aggression, and caused sober young people to develop "blind xenophobia" against foreign things. .

At that time, the Shanghai "Literature" monthly magazine was discussing how to treat the issue of "literary heritage." There were two erroneous tendencies in the discussion, "total affirmation" and "total negation." Mr. Lu Xun wrote this essay, refuting the erroneous trend of thought and advocating "use-ism".

3. Mingwen style

Miscellaneous articles②

Essays, a type of modern prose, do not stick to a certain form and focus on discussion, but can also be narrative.

Essays are literary and artistic papers that directly and quickly reflect social events or social trends. The main characteristics are short, sharp, lively and sharp. The content is extensive and the forms are diverse. Miscellaneous thoughts, conversations, and essays about social life, cultural trends, and political events can all be classified into this category.

[Companion Reading] ②Essays were Lu Xun’s main weapon in his lifelong battles and the most important and glorious part of his fighting achievements. In the dark age, Lu Xun's essays were like powerful daggers and spears, piercing the haze and sweeping through the ghost world.

Utilization PPT, the second part: task group construction and exploration

text construction

Summary of main themes

This article criticizes the traitorous policies of the Kuomintang reactionaries and the erroneous attitude of some people towards cultural heritage, clarifies the basic principles and methods of critically inheriting cultural heritage, and points out that correct inheritance and reference are indispensable for building a new national culture. condition.

Task exploration

Task 1: Establishing metaphors in the theory, image reasoning - analyzing metaphors in the text

Mission guidance

Metaphor is known as the "King of Rhetoric". If used as a method of argumentation, it can use concrete things to illustrate abstract truths, and use superficial things to illustrate profound truths, which has a certain argumentative effect. Lu Xun is a master of using metaphors to argue, which requires us to read carefully when studying the text.

mission design

1. This article gives full play to the power of metaphorical argumentation. Please analyze it in conjunction with the text.

Answer: In this article, the author uses "big house" as a metaphor for foreign culture (cultural heritage). The author nests three metaphors inside this metaphor to form a metaphor: a "coward", a "bastard", and a "trash" ". “Cowards” represent escapists who are cowardly and incompetent, fearful of inheritance and refuse to learn from others; “bastards” represent nihilists who cut off history and blindly reject others and “left” childish patients who appear to be completely revolutionary; and “trash” represents those who worship foreigners and favor foreigners. , capitulationists who advocate "total Westernization". Using metaphors, he wrote three attitudes and three practices towards cultural heritage at that time, showing three ridiculous behaviors of non-"appropriationists".

In addition, there are metaphors such as "shark's fin, opium, pipes and lanterns, concubines". Use "shark fin" to describe the essence of cultural heritage, use "opium" to describe the part where essence and dross intersect, use "smoking guns and cigarette lanterns" to describe the old forms of cultural heritage, and use "aunt" to describe pure dross and decay. s things. The use of metaphors makes the abstract question of how to treat cultural heritage concrete, makes the profound truth simple, and makes how to "select" concrete and clear.

2. (Extension) Take "life" as the topic and use metaphorical arguments to write a wonderful paragraph.

Taking life as the ontology, we look for metaphors from multiple aspects and angles.

Answer: (Example 1) Life is like a painting, with splashes of thick ink and light strokes; life is like a song, with light singing and yellow bells. Have you not seen that the lives of Li Taibai and Du Gongbu created the greatness of life with thick ink and splashes; the lives of Petofi and Shelley used light brushstrokes to finally write down the true meaning of life. Have you seen Tao Yuanming singing softly, "Picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, leisurely seeing the Nanshan Mountain", or Tan Sitong, singing vigorously, "I am smiling to the sky from the side of my sword, leaving behind my liver and gallbladder."

(Example 2) Life is like a mountain. We cannot estimate its length, but we can pursue its height. Life is a road. It is made up of inconspicuous pieces of sand and stones, rather than paved with gold and silver. It shows the perfection of life in its plainness. Life is like a small boat, sailing in the vast sea. Only after experiencing the baptism of the storm can we welcome the rising sun on the sea tomorrow.

Utilization PPT, the third part: task group reading and practice

Read the following three materials and complete the following learning tasks.

Material 1: The national character of culture is closely related to the global character of culture, and they complement each other. From the perspective of cultural development history, they are a pair of attributes that coexist and grow together, showing a dialectical relationship of unity of opposites. Many thinkers have discussed this. After a long historical development, human society has formed a variety of cultures. These cultures are not only the cultural achievements created by different nations, but also the common achievements of human civilization. Promoting exchanges and mutual learning between different cultures will undoubtedly allow people of all countries to enjoy a richer and more colorful spiritual life.

(Excerpt from Wu Yuanmai's "Cultural Exchanges and Mutual Learning on the Basis of Diversity")

Material 2: We must inherit all excellent literary and artistic heritage and critically absorb all the beneficial things in it as a reference when we create works from the literary and artistic raw materials in people's lives here and now. But all foreign things, just like our food, must go through our own oral chewing and gastrointestinal movements to deliver saliva, gastric juice and intestinal juice, break it down into essence and dregs, and then excrete the dregs and absorb the essence before it can be useful to us. It is beneficial to the body and must not be swallowed alive and absorbed without judgment.

Cleaning up the development process of ancient culture, eliminating its feudal dross, and absorbing its democratic essence are necessary conditions for developing a new national culture and improving national self-confidence; but we must not accept everything uncritically. It is necessary to distinguish all the decadent things of the ancient feudal ruling class from the excellent people's culture of ancient times, that is, things that are more or less democratic and revolutionary.

(Excerpt from Mao Zedong's "National Science and Popular Culture")

Materials: Although there were border troubles in the Han and Tang dynasties, their courage was great after all. The people had the self-confidence not to become slaves of foreigners, or they never thought that when they took foreign things, they were as if they were captives. They were driven freely and absolutely Don't mind. When the country is in decline and invades the barbarians, the nerves become weak and hypersensitive. Whenever I encounter foreign things, I feel as if they are trying to capture me. I reject them, panic, shrink back, escape, tremble into a ball, and have to think of something to say. Cover up, and the national quintessence becomes the treasure of the weak king and the slave.

No matter where it comes from, as long as it is food, a strong person will probably recognize it as food without thinking. Only those who are weak and sick always think of harming their stomach and body, and there are many taboos and avoidances. There are also a large set of more serious reasons that ultimately fail to make sense. For example, it is okay to eat, but it is especially safe not to eat. It's beneficial, but it's better not to eat it, and so on. But this kind of person will always see his weakness day by day, because he is trembling all day long and has lost his vitality.

(Excerpt from Lu Xun's "Looking in the Mirror and Feelings")

1. Regarding the following understanding and analysis of the three materials, the correct one is ()

A. The nationality and globality of culture are mutually exclusive and closely related, showing a dialectical relationship of unity of opposites.

B. Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations will not only enrich the spiritual life of people of all countries, but will also promote the arrival of a harmonious society.

C. Cleaning up the development process of ancient culture, eliminating its feudal dross, and absorbing its democratic essence are necessary conditions for developing a new national culture and improving national self-confidence. It must be inclusive.

D. "Looking in the Mirror and Feeling" provides profound enlightenment on how we accept foreign culture under new historical conditions.

Analyzing item A, "The national character of culture and the global character of culture are mutually exclusive and closely related, showing a dialectical relationship of unity of opposites." The statement in Material 1 is "The national character of culture is closely related to the global character of culture and complement each other. From the perspective of culture Judging from the history of development, they are a pair of attributes that coexist and grow together, showing a dialectical relationship of unity of opposites." It is wrong to say "mutually exclusive". Item B, "Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations... will also promote the arrival of a harmonious society" is wrong. Material 1 only says that "promoting exchanges and mutual learning between different cultures will undoubtedly allow people of all countries to enjoy a more colorful spiritual life." It did not say "it will also promote the arrival of Datong society." Item C is a misinterpretation of the meaning of the text. The original text in Material 2 says "must not be uncritically inclusive."

Answer D

2. Point out the argument method used in the second paragraph of Material 3 and briefly analyze it.

The answer is a metaphorical argument or a comparative argument. A healthy person is a metaphor for a positive, active, and confident cultural mentality, and a weak person is a metaphor for a negative, conservative, and inferior cultural mentality. The contrast between the two vividly criticized the fear and resistance to foreign cultures at that time.

Keywords: Free download of PPT courseware for high school Chinese compulsory course I published by People's Education Press, PPT download of Utilizationism, .PPT format;

For more information about the PPT courseware of "Usageism", please click the "Usageism" ppt tab.

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"Bringing Doctrine" PPT Courseware Part One: Introduction to the Author Lu Xun (1881~1936) was a great writer, thinker, and revolutionary. His original name was Zhou Shuren, and his courtesy name was Hencai. Lu Xun was his pen name. He left home to study in Nanjing in 1898, studied in Japan in 1902, and returned in 1909.

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Update Time: 2024-09-08

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