"Unit Review Lesson" Economic Development and Social Progress PPT

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"Unit Review Lesson" Economic Development and Social Progress PPT

Part One: Examination of Misunderstandings in Thinking

1. Misunderstandings about new development concepts and the construction of a modern economic system

Shared development ≠ Sharing economy

[Analysis] To solve the problem of social fairness and justice, shared development must protect and improve people's livelihood, improve people's living standards, continuously meet the people's growing needs for a better life, and make all people have a greater sense of gain from co-construction and shared development. The sharing economy generally refers to a new economic model with the main purpose of obtaining a certain reward, based on strangers and with the temporary transfer of the right to use items. Its essence is to integrate offline idle items, labor force, education and medical resources. Some also say that the sharing economy means that people enjoy social resources fairly, each contributes and benefits in different ways, and jointly obtains economic dividends. This kind of sharing is mostly realized through the Internet as a medium.

[Application 1] The 2019 Government Work Report of the State Council calls for accelerating the development of emerging industries and promoting the healthy growth of the platform economy and the sharing economy. Its meaning is ()

A. Promote full utilization of resources and promote high-quality economic development

B. Avoid idle resources and promote fair income distribution

C. Implement the concept of shared development and safeguard social equity

D. Build a modern economic system and promote coordinated regional development

High-quality development ≠ high-speed growth

[Analysis] my country's economy has shifted from a stage of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development. High-quality development fundamentally depends on economic vitality, innovation and competitiveness, and supply-side structural reform is the fundamental approach. On the micro level, high-quality development must be based on the improvement of production factors, productivity, and total factor efficiency, rather than on the expansion of factor inputs; on the meso level, attention must be paid to the national economic structure, including industrial structure, market structure, regional The upgrading of structures, etc., allocates precious resources to where they are most needed; at a macro level, it requires balanced economic development.

[Application 2] Electricity is the core indicator of the blood and lifeblood of economic development. Electricity consumption has always been regarded as one of the important indicators for studying and judging macroeconomic trends. The following table shows the data on changes in electricity consumption in some industries in my country during a certain period of time.

2. Misunderstandings about the distribution of personal income and the social security system

Distribution according to work ≠ distribution according to labor factors

[Analysis] The basis and standard for both are the quantity and quality of labor, but the former only exists in the public economy, and the latter only exists in the non-public economy.

[Application 3] "Year-end bonus" is a topic that is talked about more among relatives and friends during the Spring Festival. A customer service staff member of a state-owned commercial bank who had been employed for less than two years received a year-end bonus of 13,000 yuan. The “year-end bonus” income here belongs to ()

A. Distribution according to labor factors B. Distribution according to work

C. Allocate according to capital factors D. chance income

fair ≠ average

[Analysis] There are two basic meanings of fairness. One is that the income gap cannot be too large, and the other is that efforts and gains are equal. The textbook adopts the first meaning. Average is a result that emphasizes no difference. A reasonable income gap is conducive to balancing efficiency and fairness.

[Application 4] After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Mao Zedong pointed out: China's economy is still in a backward state. Here, Mao Zedong pointed out the inevitability of the existence of multiple distribution methods. However, after the completion of the task of socialist transformation, due to the one-sided emphasis on the transition to the ownership system of "one big and two public", wage income has a clear tendency of egalitarian distribution. The correct understanding of this is ()

① Productivity is the final determinant of the distribution system; ② The ownership structure determines the distribution system; ③ The dominant position of public ownership determines the dominant position of distribution according to work; ④ Egalitarianism is the best choice for distribution under socialist conditions

A. ①② B. ①④ C. ②③ D． ③④

Economic development and social progress PPT, part 2: exploration of social hot spots

Narrow income gaps and promote fair distribution

【Background material】

The General Office of the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Key Works on Income Distribution in 2018", which focuses on building a modern economic system, benchmarking high-quality development requirements, and building an income distribution system that reflects efficiency and promotes fairness. The "Key Tasks" include a total of 20 tasks in four major areas. The first is to improve the primary distribution system, including deepening the pilot program to increase the income of urban and rural residents, improving the incentive policy for skilled workers, implementing a distribution policy oriented to increasing the value of knowledge, and focusing on increasing farmers’ income; the second is to perform the government’s redistribution adjustment functions, including promoting taxation Institutional reform, improving the social insurance system, and enhancing the ability to provide basic protection; third, promoting social equity, including promoting equalization of basic public services, strengthening fair educational opportunities, and ensuring fair employment opportunities; fourth, consolidating the foundation for the construction of the income distribution system, including fully Give full play to the coordinating role of the inter-ministerial joint meeting on deepening the reform of the income distribution system, improve income distribution statistics and accounting, and establish an income distribution policy evaluation system.

[Knowledge link]

1. Income distribution is the source of people's livelihood and the most important and direct way to improve people's livelihood and achieve development results shared by the people.

2. Straighten out the relationship between income distribution among the country, enterprises and individuals. The government must fulfill its redistribution adjustment function and improve the redistribution adjustment mechanism using taxation, social security, transfer payments, etc. as the main means. To achieve common prosperity for all people, we must, in the final analysis, vigorously develop social productive forces, adhere to and improve the basic socialist economic system and distribution system, and build an income distribution system that reflects efficiency and promotes fairness.

【Innovation drill】

1. The Tuznets Curve below shows the relationship between economic development and changes in income inequality. China's economic development in recent years has been in the AB range. To accelerate the shift of my country's economic development from the AB range to the BC range, we must ()

① Maintain stable and rapid economic development and make the wealth pie bigger; ② Improve the basic economic system and protect citizens’ legitimate property; ③ Strengthen regulation of primary distribution and redistribution to promote fairness; ④ Increase residents’ property income and reduce fiscal expenditures

A. ①③B． ①④ C. ②③ D． ②④

A: From the AB range to the BC range, the meaning expressed is that as per capita GDP increases, income distribution becomes more and more equitable. ① Correct, enlarging the wealth pie is the basis for achieving fair distribution; ② It has nothing to do with the meaning of the question, and this measure cannot promote the solution of the issue of fairness; ③ Correct, both initial distribution and redistribution must pay attention to fairness in order to achieve the goal in the question; ④ It is an adjustment of distribution policy. Reducing fiscal expenditure is detrimental to economic development. The goal of interval transformation is difficult to achieve, so it is not selected. ]

2. General Secretary Xi Jinping attaches great importance to the issue of social fairness and justice. He warned the whole party: If this issue is not resolved, it will not only affect the people's confidence in reform and opening up, but also affect social harmony and stability. At present, my country's income gap manifests itself in the following aspects: First, the proportion of government income and enterprise income is too large, while the proportion of residents' income is too low. Second, the income level of farmers is too low, and the gap between the income levels of different classes in urban and rural areas is still widening. Third, the income gap is still obvious between inside and outside the system, between monopoly and generally competitive industries, between the eastern, central and western regions, and between management and front-line employees.

(1) Some people think that "fairness in income distribution means egalitarianism, and income gaps must be eliminated." Please comment on the above point of view.

(2) Combined with income distribution theory and socialist goals, analyze the fact that the current income distribution gap is widening.

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

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