"Unit Learning Tasks" (Unit 7) PPT

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"Unit Learning Tasks" (Unit 7) PPT

Part One: Key Ability Cultivation - Scenery and Emotions in Prose Reading

【related information】

Emotion is the main feature of prose. "Borrowing scenes to express emotions" is a common technique for expressing emotions in prose. When we read prose, we need to pay attention to the description of the scenery in the article and grasp the characteristics of the scenery so that we can better appreciate the feelings in the scenery. The relationship between emotion and scenery in prose is generally divided into three types: scenery touches emotion, scenery carries emotion, and scenery contrasts emotion.

1. Scenery that touches emotions

Scenery triggers emotions, which means that the objects in front of you trigger associations and produce certain emotions. In terms of expression techniques, it is called "touching the scene and creating emotions". The feeling of being touched by a scene first appeared in the song "Beautiful Grudge" written by Anonymous in the Yuan Dynasty: "The wind blows out the remaining lamps, and I can't help but be moved by the sight and feel sad."

Touching scenes and evoking emotions can be found everywhere in ancient and modern prose. For example, in Tao Yuanming's "Return and Come Back", "The trees are flourishing, and the springs are beginning to flow." This poem describes the vibrant scene of rural areas in early spring, and then touches the scene and evokes "good things come at the right time." The exclamation that "my life is at an end" pave the way for the ending to express the attitude towards life of "happy heaven and peace of mind". Another example is Ouyang Xiu's "Ode to the Sound of Autumn", in which he heard the sound of autumn with "the first pitter-patter and the rustle" and "the sudden rush and bang" of autumn. He started to think about the influence of autumn on all things in nature, and finally thought about the conditions of human life. There is also the article "Begonia Flower" written by Mr. Ji Xianlin. He writes at the beginning that he saw crabapple flowers in a foreign land, and then he thought of the crabapple flowers in his hometown. The crabapple flowers evoked his homesickness, and the scenery touched his emotions. The above examples are all excellent works that touch the scene and evoke emotions. We can appreciate the meaning from the author's writing.

2. Scenery carrying emotions

Scenery carries emotions, that is, scenes contain emotions. "When I look at things, the old objects all have my color." The author will invisibly integrate subjective emotions into the objective description of natural scenery. Therefore, the scenery in prose is spiritual and emotional. It is different from what is seen in daily life. It contains the author's subjective emotional color. Through natural scenery, we can feel the author's emotional ups and downs and changes in thoughts.

Scenery carries emotions, which can be divided into three categories: scenes showing emotions, scenes implying emotions, and scenes symbolizing emotions.

1. Scenery shows emotions. As the name suggests, the description of scenery clearly expresses the author's emotions. Through the described scenery, we can clearly understand the thoughts and feelings of joy, sorrow, pain or anger that the author wants to express. Such as the following text: "Vegetable gardens vary in size, but they are all flat and square." "Cucumbers, green peppers, coriander, leeks, tomatoes, chives, eggplants, all kinds of vegetables, colorful, tender and old, round and long ." This passage describes the vitality of large-scale production through the beautiful scenery of the vegetable garden.

2. Scenery implies emotion, that is, emotion is hidden in the scenery. It requires observation, comparison, and careful appreciation to feel the author's thoughts and feelings behind the description of the scenery. For example, the description of the scenery in the fifth natural paragraph of "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond" says, "The moonlight is like flowing water, quietly flowing over this leaf and flower." The flowing moonlight washes the same leaves and flowers in milk, like willows. The beautiful shadow of the moon... When I first read it, it was a beautiful picture of hazy moonlight. However, if you read it carefully, you will find that it is not all beautiful. The "jagged and mottled black shadows", "steep jagged shapes like ghosts" and "sparse beautiful shadows" give people a sense of eeriness and desolation, especially the "ghost-like shadows" in the night. The description "average" is even more terrifying. Some people think that this is a failure in the description of the scenery in this paragraph. In fact, it is a hint that Zhu Ziqing's emotions are joy mixed with a touch of sadness, which provides the basis for the lost and lonely emotion of the sixth natural paragraph, "The excitement is theirs, I have nothing." .

3. Scenery symbolizes emotion. Many scenes in the prose are rich in symbolic meaning, and the symbolic meaning carries rich thoughts and emotions. For example, Lawrence's highly expressive description of bird cries in "Bird Cry" describes the symbolic meaning of bird cries - rebirth and vigorous vitality, expressing the author's passionate praise of vitality and joy of rebirth. The Temple of Earth in Shi Tiesheng's "The Temple of Earth and Me" is a symbol of desolation and even decay. "On the one hand, it eroded the ostentatious colored glaze on the eaves of the ancient palace, faded the flamboyant vermilion on the door wall, collapsed sections of high walls, and... "The jade inlays and carved railings are scattered", but on the other hand it is full of vitality: "The old cypress trees around the altar are becoming more and more green, and the weeds and vines everywhere are lush and open." The Temple of Earth is decayed and desolate, but it is not lost. Doesn't vitality symbolize "my" indomitable attitude towards life despite being disabled?

Scenery carries emotions, integrating scenery description and lyricism. There is emotion in the scenery, and scenery in the emotion, reaching the point where the language of scenery is the language of love. Scenery carries emotions, and scenes and emotions are often in a direct contrasting relationship. Scenes are happy and sentimental, and scenes are sad and sentimental. We call them "scene blending" or "scenery embodying emotions" in terms of expression techniques.

3. Scenery contrasts with emotion

The above-mentioned scenes carry emotions, whether they are explicit, implicit, or symbolic. Scenery and emotions always have something in common. The scenes are harmonious and harmonious. They take care of each other. Scenery and emotion can also be opposite to each other. Scenery and emotion can better express the author's thoughts and emotions through strong contrast, which makes people read unexpectedly and appreciate it meaningfully. For example, Mao Dun's "Landscape Talk" describes the monotony and tastelessness of desert scenery, which reflects the charm of "landscape" created by human beings; it describes the poverty and desolation of primitive cave scenery, but mentions the scene of young people studying, and the scenery of stone caves reflects the human emotions. A rich and noble spiritual life. The scenes and emotions at the beginning and end of Zhu Ziqing's "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond" are also opposites. "The children's laughter on the road outside the wall has been heard no longer; my wife is patting Run'er in the house and humming a lullaby in a daze." "Gently push the door and go in, there is no sound, my wife has fallen asleep I've been familiar with it for a long time." The scene descriptions in the first and last paragraphs are extremely tranquil, and such tranquil scenes reflect the inner restlessness of Mr. Zhu Ziqing.

Unit learning task PPT, Part 2 content: Writing task guidance-Scenery and lyrical prose

【Knowledge Guide】

Scenery and lyrical prose refers to prose that combines scenery and lyricism into one. The scenery described in this type of prose and the emotions expressed are not simply combined together, but the scenes blend together, showing a harmonious relationship in which "emotions arise from the scenery, and the scenery is beautiful due to the emotion". In this, the emotion is carried by the scenery, the scenery is soaked by the emotion, the emotion is the soul, and the scenery is the carrier. The emotions expressed by the author in the article are the core of the writing.

Scenery and lyricism are the two elements of this type of prose. Either the scenery is based on emotion, or the emotion is derived from the scenery, which are all methods that can be used when composing the prose. Either he has a unique emotional experience, and then on this basis he chooses scenery that can express his emotions; or he is touched by the scenery and refines profound insights through description and analysis. No matter what, the description of scenery is ultimately to express emotions and highlight emotions. Simply describing scenery is not prose but expository writing.

[Technical review]

1. Pay attention to the level of scene description

People have certain rules for viewing scenery, either looking around at fixed points, or watching while walking. We should also follow this rule when describing scenery. Only by choosing the appropriate level of scene description can the article be clear and well-organized. There are three commonly used levels of scene description:

1. Pay attention to the relationship between the overall and the local. Lao She handled the overall to local issues very well in "Winter in Jinan". First, take a bird's-eye view of the whole city, then enjoy the beautiful scenery of the city's mountains and the clear sky after snow, and then take the readers to the edge of the weeping willows to appreciate the beautiful scenery of Jinan.

2. From high to low, from low to high. For example, Shen Congwen's description of the scenery of Youshui in "Border Town": "The deep pool is reflected by the day, and the small white pebbles and patterned agate pebbles on the bottom of the river can all be seen clearly. The fish swimming in the water are all like Floating in the air. There are many high mountains on both sides of the bank, and there are many thin bamboos in the mountains that can be used to make paper. The deep green color has been produced all year round, which is eye-catching." From low to high, the layers are orderly, the veins are clear, and there is no sense of clutter.

3. From far to near, from near to far. As described in Zhu Ziqing's "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond": "There are trees all around the lotus pond, far and near, high and low, and willows are the most numerous. These trees heavily surround a lotus pond; only a few gaps are left on the side of the path. , as if they were left specially for the moonlight. The trees are all gloomy, and at first glance they look like a cloud of smoke; but the beauty of the willows can also be seen in the smoke. faintly above the treetops can be seen a distant mountain range , It’s just a little careless.” From near to far, from the nearby lotus pond, to the trees around the lotus pond, and from the trees to the distant mountains, it is clear at a glance.

2. Make good use of landscape painting techniques

1. Use rhetoric wisely. Commonly used rhetoric in describing scenery include metaphor, personification, parallelism, exaggeration, etc. The comprehensive use of these techniques can make the language of the article more vivid and make the scenery described in the article more vivid. For example, in the college entrance examination masterpiece "Beautiful Crescent Spring", "Surrounded by mountains and gently embracing a crescent moon, she is so clear and tranquil, so affectionate and graceful. She is clearly a beautiful girl from the south of the Yangtze River, but why has she been looking forward to it in the desert for thousands of years? ?" uses personification to show the graceful and charming Crescent Moon Spring.

2. Dynamic and static contrast method. That is to say, using movement to contrast stillness, and having movement in stillness, can achieve the effect of "silence is better than sound at this time". For example, in Wang Ji's poem "Entering Ruoye Stream", "The noisy cicadas in the forest are more quiet, and the singing of birds in the mountains is even more secluded." , sound has a stronger artistic effect than silent. In addition, like the famous line in Ye Shaoweng's "It's Not Worth It to Visit the Garden": "The garden is full of spring scenery and can't be shut in, and a branch of red apricot comes out of the wall." The poem uses the technique of contrasting movement and static, and the conflict between movement and movement at one "close" and the other "out" , highlighting the vigorous passion for life that cannot be locked in the spring and overflows outside the garden.

3. The method of balancing virtual and real. The description of scenery is both real and fictitious. The description of real scenes is necessary, but it is not just about imitating the appearance, but also conveying the spirit. It requires imagination and the use of fictitious writing techniques. For example, Zhu Ziqing's "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond": "Suddenly I remembered the matter of picking lotus. Picking lotus is an old custom in the south of the Yangtze River. It seems to have been there very early, and it was popular in the Six Dynasties. We can roughly know it from the poem. It is a young person who picks lotus. The women went there in small boats and sang erotic songs. Needless to say, there were many lotus pickers, and there were also people watching the lotus pickers. It was a lively season, and it was also a romantic season." This imaginative way of writing , making the scenery richer, more vivid and more humane.

4. Contrast and contrast method. It is to make full use of contrast and contrast techniques to describe scenery. For example, Yu Dafu's article "Autumn in the Old Capital" writes about autumn in the south of the Yangtze River: "The grass and trees wither slowly, the air is moist, the color of the sky appears light, and there is often more rain and less wind." "Autumn in the South has its own characteristics, of course. There are some special places, such as the bright moon over the Twenty-fourth Bridge, the autumn tide at the Qiantang River, the cool mist at Mount Putuo, the remaining lotuses at Lychee Bay, etc., but the colors are not strong and the aftertaste is lasting. Compared with autumn in the North, it is just that. Like rice wine and white rice, rice porridge and steamed buns, sea bass and big crabs, yellow dogs and camels." Through this series of contrastive descriptions, the characteristics of autumn in the South are "slow in coming, moist in appearance, and light in appearance". , reflecting the more mellow and intense flavor of autumn in the north.

3. Good at expressing emotions

Scenery descriptions often create conditions for expressing emotions, and expressing emotions through scene descriptions is the fundamental feature of scenery prose. Common lyrical methods include:

1. Express your feelings directly. That is, after describing a scene, the author directly expresses his thoughts and emotions through discussion. Sometimes he also expresses his emotions at the beginning of the article while setting the tone. For example, the first paragraph of Mao Dun's "Praise to Poplar" expresses his heart directly with "The poplar tree is really extraordinary, I praise the poplar tree", points out the theme, and praises the extraordinary nature of the poplar tree.

2. Embody emotions in scenery. This method integrates emotions into specific natural scenery or life scenes, and expresses emotions through the description and depiction of these natural scenery or scenes. It is an indirect and implicit way of expressing emotions. For example, Du Fu's "Good rain knows the season, and spring will happen. Sneaking into the night with the wind, moistening things silently", the scene description is full of the author's love for spring rain.

3. Scenario blending. There are two forms of expression of the blending of scenes: one is the style of touching the scenery, which means that the author touches the objective scenery and arouses emotions, and the emotions are generated by the scenery and are inspired by feelings; the other is the style of blending emotions with the scenery, that is, the author's strong subjective emotions are cast in the work. In the scenery, the external scenery is attached with the author's strong subjective emotional color, achieving the purpose of "empathy". As Wang Guowei said, "All scenery language is love language." Using these two forms of expression can make the article appear to be long-lasting and sincere.

Unit learning task PPT, the third part of the content: [Writing task]

1. Write a micro-composition, which requires the use of scene descriptions to express joy or sadness.

【Writing Example】

[Example 1] Joy: Not to mention the large and small vegetable plots, sparse vegetable racks, white and long winter melons, and cucumbers with small yellow flowers on their heads; not to mention pecking rice everywhere. The hens, the big dogs hiding under the eaves to enjoy the shade, and the grasshoppers suddenly jumping from the windowsill into the flowers. Just the small piece of land in front of the house is full of endless interest. The swallows whisper here, the cock sings here. When you open the door, you will see puppies born to mother dogs, and a rabbit squatting under a big pumpkin leaf. If you grab its ears with your hands, it will scratch people's arms with four hands.

The vines of tomatoes and watermelons were so entangled that they were indistinguishable. The watermelon can grow as big as it wants. No one will care about it if it wants to pull the vine to the roof. No one will blame it if it doesn't grow. There are red and green tomatoes on the rack, so you can’t blame people for wanting to pick them. And the little red pepper, wearing a beautiful hat, throws his enthusiasm to the sky and vents his happiness to the ground. If you like, you can also go to the corner to find wild dates. They are very sour but have a unique taste. They look like many red agates when put together. They are really beautiful.

[Example 2] Sadness: It was another beautiful morning, when the first ray of light glimpsed the broken walls. There is no laughter and laughter of children on the way to school in the past, and there is no dark back of adults working hard in the corn fields. A few wild chrysanthemums were swaying in the wind alone under the bus stop sign at the entrance of the village, but there was no one on the waiting platform, not even large or small bags to be carried to the city.

It was quiet all around, and occasionally a few clear bird calls came from the trees that had been broken by their roots and fell to the ground. The birdsong was like a sharp sword, piercing straight into the sky, and followed by the wind in the early morning. The dazzling light shines in the morning glow, but is instantly annihilated in this terrible wasteland of life.

The clear stream did not understand the tragic situation of the sky and the earth falling apart, but it still rushed forward, pouring into the cracks in the field ridges and under the collapsed walls, as if it wanted to fill people's broken hearts with unsophisticated youth.

2. Read the text below and write according to the requirements.

The four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter each have their own charm, and many literati have sung praises for them and used them to express their feelings. The boldness of "The solitary smoke in the desert" is the heroic song of the frontier soldiers; the low chant of "Spring in the city is deep with grass and trees" is the sad lament of the people who have subjugated the country; the beauty of "The wild flowers are gradually enchanting the eyes" is the beauty of the West Lake tourists. The fragrance of "a shelf full of roses and a courtyard full of fragrance" is the praise of the farmers in the small courtyard.

In the magical changes of the four seasons, flowers, trees, insects, fish, birds and beasts will definitely arouse your emotions. Please choose a season to express your emotions with beautiful scenery and write a composition.

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Update Time: 2024-12-04

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