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Authoritative PPT Summary
"Understanding Clothing Fabrics" PPT Courseware 2
1. What materials are clothes made of?
1. Classification of textile fibers
textile fiber
natural fiber
plant cellulose fiber
animal protein fiber
Chemical Fiber
Man-made fibers: viscose fiber, acetate fiber, etc.
Synthetic fibers: nylon, polyester, etc.
2. Composition and structure of textile fibers
Main ingredients: all polymer compounds
Structure: Molecules are in the form of long molecular chains
Natural fibers:
Plant fibers - cotton and linen
Main component cellulose (C6H10O5) n
Molecules have extremely long chain structures
Belongs to linear polymer compounds
synthetic fiber:
Fibers produced through chemical synthesis using air, coal, petroleum, etc. as starting materials.
There are six major fibers of synthetic fibers: nylon, polyester, acrylic, vinylon, polyvinyl chloride, and polypropylene.
Chemical composition: - see textbook
Condensation polymerization reaction: a reaction that produces small molecules as well as high polymers.
Addition polymerization reaction: direct polymerization, no reaction to generate small molecules
Class exercises
1. Which of the following substances does not belong to synthetic fibers ( )
A. Silk B. Vinylon C. Chlorine D. Nylon
2. Artificial cotton and rayon are made by spinning cellulose dissolved in which solvent ( )
A. Sodium bicarbonate B. Sulfuric acid
C. Caustic soda D. Carbon disulfide
3. Which of the following statements is wrong ( )
A. Natural fiber fabrics have good hygroscopicity and wear resistance
B.Synthetic fiber fabric has good hygroscopicity and wear resistance
C. Natural fiber fabrics have good hygroscopicity but are not wear-resistant
D.Synthetic fiber fabrics have good wear resistance but poor hygroscopicity
2. Washing and ironing of clothing
1. How to choose detergent - based on unexpected ingredients
Cotton clothing - choose weakly alkaline synthetic detergent or soap
Wool - selective synthetic detergent
2. Why does clothing shrink?
Cotton, linen, silk, wool, and viscose fiber clothing materials have a large shrinkage rate, while synthetic fiber clothing materials have a small shrinkage rate.
3. Under what circumstances should dry cleaning be done?
The fiber structure of wool is relatively loose, and the lining of wool clothes shrinks to a different extent than the fabric after being soaked in water. The clothes will be out of shape after washing and will never be restored to their original shape. Therefore, woolen clothes are suitable for dry cleaning.
4. Principle of dry cleaning and decontamination
Similarity dissolves principle
Solute molecules have similar structures to solvent molecules and can be dissolved to remove stains.
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"Understanding Clothing Fabrics" PPT courseware 3:
"Understanding Clothing Fabrics" PPT Courseware 3 1. What materials are clothes made of? 2. What are the characteristics of various clothing materials? 3. When drying clothes, where does the water on the clothes go? Tell me about the clothes you wear throughout the year. I know something about these clothes...
"Understanding Clothing Fabrics" PPT courseware:
"Understanding Clothing Fabrics" PPT courseware Teaching objectives: 1. Recognize that clothes are generally made of different materials. 2. Understand several common fabrics, such as: linen, cotton, silk, fur, chemical fiber and wool, etc. 3. Know the main characteristics and uses of these fabrics..