"The Establishment of the Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State of Qin" PPT from the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of the unified feudal state of Qin and Han Dynasties

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"The Establishment of the Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State of Qin" PPT from the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of the unified feudal state of Qin and Han Dynasties

Part One: Learning Objectives

1. By understanding the unification achievements of the Qin Dynasty, understand the significance of the establishment of a unified multi-ethnic feudal country in Chinese history.

2. Understand the reasons for the rapid demise of the Qin Dynasty by understanding the social conflicts and peasant uprisings during the Qin Dynasty.

Qin unified the multi-ethnic feudal state and established a PPT, the second part of the content: 1. The unification of the Qin Dynasty

1.Background

(1) Long-term war has brought huge disasters to society. Reunification is the aspiration of the people and the general trend.

(2) The economic development of various regions and the strengthening of economic ties require breaking the obstacles caused by political divisions.

(3) Superior geographical location and solid material foundation

(4) The King of Qin worked hard to govern, recruited talents, and governed the Qingming Dynasty

(5) Shang Yang’s reforms laid a solid material foundation for Qin to unify the six kingdoms

2. Process and measures

From 230 B.C. to 221 B.C., the Qin State adopted a strategy of establishing distant relations and attacking closely, and successively destroyed the six eastern kingdoms, established a new unified dynasty, and established Xianyang as its capital.

North: Send Meng Tian to attack the Huns in the north, seize the Hetao, build the Great Wall, and build straight roads

Southwest: Open up the "Five Feet Road" and appoint officials

South: Conquer Baiyue in the south, build Lingqu Canal, and establish Nanhai, Guilin, and Xiangjun

It extends from the sea to Korea in the east, to Lintao and Qiangzhong in the west, to Xianghu in the south, to the north by the river, and from the Yinshan Mountains to Liaodong.

3. The establishment of a centralized system of authoritarianism

Authoritarianism: a concept opposite to democracy. It is reflected in the lifelong tenure of the throne and the hereditary system of the throne. Its main feature is the emperor's personal arbitrary dictatorship, which combines the highest power of the country. Authoritarianism is the way decisions are made.

Centralization: It is relative to decentralization. Its characteristic is that local governments have no independence in politics, economy, military and other aspects. They must strictly obey the orders of the central government and everything is controlled by the central government. Centralization is the form of management.

Concept analysis: the difference between aristocracy and bureaucracy

1. Aristocracy is a political system based on the feudal system, the patriarchal system and the kinship system, and closely combines blood relations and political relations. On the basis that the clan that has obtained the ruling power has a co-owner, other clan members share the ruling power of the country.

2. Bureaucracy is based on a centralized political system centered on imperial power. The system of counties and counties under the unified jurisdiction of the central government replaced the feudal system of enfeoffment at different levels. The selection and appointment of officials were decided by the central government and the emperor, and they exercised management power on behalf of the emperor.

4. The historical significance of the unification of Qin

(1) The unification of Qin ended the split and separatist situation in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, established the first unified centralized state, and established the basic territory of the past dynasties.

(2) Promote the formation of a pluralistic and unified pattern of the Chinese nation, promote the spread of Chinese civilization, and promote exchanges and integration of various ethnic groups.

(3) It conforms to the common aspirations of the people, is conducive to the people’s stable life, and promotes the political, economic, and social development of a unified multi-ethnic country.

(4) The political system established by the Qin Dynasty was used by subsequent dynasties for a long time and had far-reaching influence.

PPT on the establishment of a unified multi-ethnic feudal state by Qin, part three: 2. The tyranny of the Qin Dynasty

1. People’s corvee work is heavy

2. Legalism governs the country with harsh punishments and harsh criminal laws, and people wave their hands to touch the ban.

3. Implementing a cruel cultural dictatorship—burning books and humiliating Confucians

4. The Second Qin Dynasty weaved a tight net of punishment and intensified it.

Result: Social contradictions such as class contradictions and internal conflicts within the ruling class were unprecedentedly acute. Coupled with the instigation of the remaining anti-Qin forces in the Six Kingdoms, a large-scale peasant uprising finally broke out.

PPT on the establishment of a multi-ethnic feudal state unified by Qin, part 4: 3. Peasant uprising at the end of Qin and the rapid demise of Qin (221 BC-207 BC)

In 209 BC, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang revolted

"Does the prince and general Xiang Ning have the guts?"

In 207 BC, Liu Bang's army entered Xianyang, and the Qin Dynasty soon fell.

206 BC to 202 BC, Liu Bang and Xiang Yu's four-year Chu-Han War

Liu Bang made "three chapters of the law", abolished Qin's harsh laws, was good at employing people, listened to advice, and commanded well, and finally defeated Xiang Yu and established the Western Han Dynasty.

PPT on the establishment of Qin's unified multi-ethnic feudal state, part five: summary of this lesson

Unification is in the interests of the country and the nation;

The centralized system of authoritarianism is conducive to consolidating the unity of the country; it is an important political system in ancient my country.

PPT on the establishment of Qin's unified multi-ethnic feudal state, Part 6: Classroom exercises

1. Yi Zhongtian said in "The End of the Empire" that "Qin, although dead, still exists, and its death was tragic." From a political point of view, "Qin, although dead, still exists" mainly refers to

A. Unify weights, measures and currency

B. Create the emperor system

C. The central government established the system of three officials and nine ministers

D. Establish a unified state and centralized power

2. "An examination of Qin's system... covers the same internal and external official system. The prime minister and the guardian are in charge of civil affairs, the Taiwei and the Wei are in charge of the military, and the censor and the eunuch are the officials who oversee the administration of the people and the army." This material Mainly reflects the Qin Dynasty ()

A. Created an effective local administrative system

B. Formed vertical management from central to local levels

C. Bureaucracy gradually replaces traditional aristocracy

D. There is a tendency for bloated institutions at the central and local levels

3. In the Qin Dynasty, there were three central officials and nine ministers. Among them, the nine ministers include Feng Chang, who is in charge of the rituals of the ancestral temple; Lang Zhongling, who is in charge of the palace guards; Wei Wei, who is in charge of the palace gate guards; Tai Pu, who is in charge of the royal carriages and horses; Ting Wei, who is in charge of criminal law... Shaofu, who is in charge of the taxes of the mountains, seas, and swamps. and the emperor’s living provisions. It can be seen from this that the characteristics of the central official system of the Qin Dynasty ()

A.Clear division of labor and mutual restraint

B. Serve the emperor privately, and the "country" and "family" are governed together.

C. Vertical management and hierarchical management

D. Bureaucracy replaces blood politics

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For more information about the PPT courseware "From the Origin of Chinese Civilization to the Establishment and Consolidation of the Unified Feudal State of Qin and Han Dynasties and the Establishment of the Qin Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State", please click on the ppt Qin Unification from the Origin of Chinese Civilization to the Establishment and Consolidation of the Unified Feudal State of Qin and Han Dynasties The establishment of a multi-ethnic feudal country ppt label.

"The Establishment of Qin's Unified Multi-Ethnic Feudal State" PPT courseware download:

"The Establishment of the Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State of Qin" from the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of the unified feudal state of Qin and Han Dynasties PPT courseware download Part 1 content: Course standard requirements: By understanding the unification achievements of the Qin Dynasty and the reduction of vassal and development of the Han Dynasty Expanding territory, respecting Confucianism and other actions...

"The Establishment of Qin's Unified Multi-ethnic Feudal State" PPT download:

"The Establishment of a Unified Multi-Ethnic Feudal State in Qin" From the Origin of Chinese Civilization to the Establishment and Consolidation of a Unified Feudal State in Qin and Han Dynasties PPT Download Part One Content: Course Standard Requirements 1. Know the basic historical facts of the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, including conditions, time, and process . 2. Know that the Qin Dynasty was established..

"The Establishment of Qin's Unified Multi-Ethnic Feudal State" PPT courseware:

"The Establishment of the Unified Multi-Ethnic Feudal State of Qin" PPT courseware from the origin of Chinese civilization to the establishment and consolidation of the unified feudal state of Qin and Han ..

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Update Time: 2024-10-18

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