"The Economy and Society of the Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes in the Liao, Song, Xia and Jin Dynasties and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty PPT

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"The Economy and Society of the Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes in the Liao, Song, Xia and Jin Dynasties and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty PPT

Part One Content: New Lesson Introduction: Traveling Through Thousand Years of History

"Lin'an Dream"

One-third of the territory was relatively peaceful for 150 years. Based on farming and promoting commerce, the Southern Song Dynasty gradually became prosperous and powerful. The capital is Lin'an, with an imperial city of nine miles, a population of one million, and a luxurious life. Especially in agriculture, handicrafts, education, science and technology, foreign trade, urban construction and other aspects, great progress has been made. Because the Song Dynasty moved to the south, the south officially became the center of economic, cultural, and military power in ancient China, many of which continue to this day. After the Southern Song Dynasty, the South's historic surpassing of the North became a foregone conclusion.

Economy and Society PPT of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Part 2: Development of Agriculture and Handicraft Industry

1. Development of agriculture

1. Reasons

(1) Since the late Eastern Han Dynasty, Jiangnan’s social economy has gradually developed

(2) From the middle and late Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, there were fewer wars in the south

(3) A large number of people from the north migrated south, bringing advanced production technology with them

2. Results

(1) The agricultural development in the south is accelerating, gradually surpassing that in the north

(2) Since the Song Dynasty, economic development has further expanded to the west of Xiangxi. At the same time, Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangdong and Guangxi have also been greatly developed.

3. Specific performance

(1) Food crops

Features: Multiple cropping of rice and wheat is common

①Rice production ranks first among food crops

②The lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Taihu Lake Basin have become a fertile granary. As the proverb goes: Suhu (Chan) is ripe, and the world is full.

Rice:

①The rice planting area in the south is growing rapidly

②In the Northern Song Dynasty, Champa rice introduced from Vietnam was promoted to the southeastern region; southern farmers cultivated many excellent varieties

③Southern rice was promoted to the north under the strong promotion of the Song Dynasty government

(2) Cash crops

Features: Great development in the south

Tea tree: widely cultivated in various parts of the south, and the number of tea-producing states and counties has increased than in the past.

Cotton: From the Northern Song Dynasty to the early Southern Song Dynasty, cotton planting areas were still limited to Guangdong and Fujian; in the late Southern Song Dynasty, it expanded to the Jianghuai, Sichuan and Sichuan areas.

The rulers of the Liao Dynasty vigorously developed agriculture by taking measures such as giving cattle to poor farmers and exempting them from taxes for reclaiming wasteland.

The Xixia Hetao and Hexi Corridor areas have complete irrigation systems and are major grain production bases.

After the Jin rulers entered the Central Plains, they moved the Han people with advanced agricultural civilization to various parts of the Northeast to enrich the population and reclaim wasteland.

Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty attached great importance to agriculture. The central government established the Department of Agriculture and Agriculture, an agency responsible for agriculture and cement, and promulgated the "Agricultural and Mulberry Essentials" to the country to guide agricultural production.

2. The prosperity of handicraft industry

1. Characteristics: During the Song Dynasty, the handicraft industry in the south was very prosperous, and the achievements in the textile industry, porcelain industry, and shipbuilding industry were particularly outstanding.

2.Performance

(1) Textile industry

(2) Porcelain making industry

(3) Shipbuilding industry

(4) Smelting industry

PPT on the economy and society of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, part three: commerce and urban prosperity

1.Business in the Song Dynasty

commercial city

Features: Distributed along the Yellow River, Yangtze River and canals

Representative: Kaifeng and Hangzhou with a population of over one million

Suburban town

Concept: commercial trade zone between city and countryside

Township grass market

Concept: a business district radiated from urban commercial activities

Space: The number of stores increases, and stores can be opened everywhere

Time: No restrictions, morning market and night market appear

Think about what are the conditions for business to flourish in the South

(1) Since the late Tang Dynasty, agricultural and handicraft production in the south have achieved significant development, laying the foundation for the prosperity of commerce.

(2) Since the Northern Song Dynasty, there have been few wars and relatively stable conditions in the south, which has provided a favorable social environment for the development of business.

(3) During the Southern Song Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty regime attached great importance to the development of commerce, especially foreign trade, to increase fiscal revenue and promote the prosperity of commerce.

PPT on the economy and society of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, part 4: The southward shift of the economic center of gravity

(1) Beginning: In the middle of the Tang Dynasty, the economic strength of the south gradually surpassed that of the north.

(2) Ending: The Southern Song Dynasty was obviously economically dependent on the South, and the pattern of more South and fewer North had been finalized.

(3) Expansion: The economic gap between the north and the south of the Yuan Dynasty continued to expand, and most of the country’s population and tax revenue were concentrated in Jiangnan.

(4) Performance: The central government’s fiscal revenue mainly comes from the south, especially the southeast region

In order to smoothly transport the wealth from the south to the north, the Yuan Dynasty reopened the Grand Canal, changing the circuitous route of the Sui and Tang Dynasties and greatly shortening the voyage. The Yuan Dynasty also creatively opened up long-distance shipping routes, and its main task was to transport food from the south of the Yangtze River.

Economy and Society PPT of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Part 5: Social Changes

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the family concept of attaching importance to family background was still very popular among the gentry.

By the Song Dynasty, this situation had fundamentally changed:

① A large number of scholars from civilian families entered the political arena and held high official positions, adding vitality to politics.

② When choosing a spouse for marriage, people also focus on their current political and economic status and no longer care about the reputation of their ancestors. People at the time summarized these changes as "regardless of family background when selecting a scholar, and regardless of family background when getting married."

Before the Song Dynasty, the untouchable class existed in society for a long time, with incomplete personal freedom and discrimination.

By the Song Dynasty:

①Their number decreased significantly. In the Song Dynasty, more domestic service came from employment.

② Landless farmers in the Song Dynasty usually signed contracts with landlords to rent land, and were less subject to personal constraints other than contractual relationships.

The state's control over society was significantly loosened in the Song Dynasty.

①The imperial court basically did not interfere in land sales and pawning, and only went through legal procedures and paid transaction tax. It has become a common phenomenon that "the rich and the poor have no fixed status, and the land and house have no fixed owner".

② The government's restrictions on people's relocation, change of occupation, and daily life standards are also more relaxed than those of previous generations.

Economy and Society PPT of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Part Six: Course Summary

During the Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan dynasties, my country’s economy continued to develop

The main features are:

1. There has been significant development in agriculture. During the Northern Song Dynasty, land was fully utilized, more crop varieties were exchanged between the north and the south, and the commercialization of agricultural products was strengthened; the national economic center of gravity moved southward.

2. Handicraft production technology and Guimo have further developed.

3. The commodity economy is active. During the Song Dynasty, cities and commerce prospered, and paper money appeared.

4. Foreign trade prospered. In the Song Dynasty, special agencies were set up to manage foreign trade; in the Yuan Dynasty, the foreign trade ports became famous overseas.

Keywords: free download of PPT courseware for the first volume of the unified version of the Outline of Chinese and Foreign History, PPT download of the economy and society of the Liao, Song, Xia and Jin Yuan Dynasties, PPT download of the coexistence of the multi-ethnic regimes of the Liao, Song, Xia and Jin Yuan Dynasties and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty, .PPT format;

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"Economy and Society in Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties" PPT courseware:

"The Economy and Society of the Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes in the Liao, Song, Xia and Jin Dynasties and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty PPT courseware Part 1 content: Course objectives: 1. Understand the achievements in the development of agriculture and handicrafts during this period 2. Understand the social changes during this period The reasons and characteristics of...

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

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