"The War of the Opium War" PPT courseware on modern China in the tide of industrial civilization in the mid-to-late 19th century

"The War of the Opium War" PPT courseware on modern China in the tide of industrial civilization in the mid-to-late 19th century

Part One: Sino-British Trade Situation

Excess is a trade surplus. In foreign trade, the total amount of merchandise exports is higher than the total amount of merchandise imports. In foreign trade, the total amount of merchandise imports is higher than the total amount of merchandise exports. The party with a trade surplus has made a net profit; the party with a trade deficit has made a net payment. --Baidu Encyclopedia

Opium import

From the late 18th century, British merchants began to sell large quantities of opium to China.

Let’s talk about: the dangers of opium

It seriously damaged the health of the Chinese people, caused a large amount of Chinese silver to drain out, reduced the combat effectiveness of the army, and seriously damaged social morals.

What do you think is the historical significance of Lin Zexu’s ban on opium in Humen?

Significance: It attacked the interests of British opium dealers, demonstrated the strong determination of the Chinese people to resist foreign aggression, and safeguarded the fundamental interests and national dignity of the people of all ethnic groups in our country. Lin Zexu is a hero of the Chinese nation.

The War of the Opium War PPT, Part 2: Causes of the Opium War

(1) Direct reason (excuse): Lin Zexu sold out cigarettes in Humen.

(2) Fundamental reason (purpose): To open up the Chinese market and obtain high profits.

Britain: In the first half of the 19th century, the industrial revolution was completed, and there was an urgent need for more commodity markets and raw material production areas, and the country stepped up its external expansion.

China: It has a vast land and abundant resources, which can provide it with abundant raw materials; it has a large population and is a vast potential commodity market, but its national power is weak.

The War of the Opium War PPT, the third part: the process of the Opium War

1. Outbreak: In 1840, the British fleet sailed into the sea of ​​Guangdong, and the Opium War began.

2. In the early days of the war, the British army invaded along the Hebei River, captured Dinghai in Zhejiang, and reached the mouth of Baihe River in Tianjin, threatening Beijing;

3. In early 1841, the British army occupied Hong Kong Island and expanded the war of aggression.

4. In 1842, the Qing Dynasty was defeated and surrendered, and the war ended.

collaborative inquiry

The rulers of the Qing Dynasty have always regarded themselves as the "Celestial Kingdom" and regarded other countries in the world as "barbarians". The Opium War ended with a disastrous defeat for the Qing government. What was the political, economic, military, and diplomatic situation between China and Britain at that time?

The War of the Opium War PPT, Part 4: The Result of the Opium War

In 1842, when the Qing Dynasty was defeated, British warships arrived at the Xiaguan River in Nanjing (then called Jiangning). Qi Ying, the representative of the Qing government, and the British representative Pottinger, the British representative, signed the "Treaty of Nanjing" (character: the first unequal treaty in modern Chinese history) on the British flagship "Kang Huali", which was humiliating and humiliating the country.

The War of the Opium War PPT, Part 5: The Impact of the Opium War

China began to lose its independent status and gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The Opium War became the beginning of China's modern history.

The reason why it became the beginning of modern history: China's social nature changed from an independent feudal society to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.

Semi-colony: partial loss of national sovereignty

Semi-feudal: both retaining feudalism and developing capitalism

The main contradiction: foreign capitalism and the national contradictions of the Chinese nation

Main tasks: Anti-invasion and anti-feudalism

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