"The United States Became a Superpower" The World During the Cold War PPT

"The United States Became a Superpower" The World During the Cold War PPT

Part One: Postwar Prosperity

Read the relevant content on pages P6-7 of the textbook and complete your thinking: Why did the U.S. economy continue to prosper after World War II?

war destruction capital accumulation

Government Actions Science and Technology Development

The United States Becomes a Superpower PPT, Part 2: Manifestations of Prosperity

Read the relevant content on pages P6-7 of the textbook and complete your thinking: In what aspects is the prosperity of the U.S. economy manifested?

investment boom

Stock Market Bull Market Multinational Corporations

The most important countries for investment

Consumption is booming

consume in large quantities

Nearly 60% of American families have entered the middle class

government policy

Increase worker employment and improve residents’ housing

Promote residential housing and support agricultural development

The role of science and technology

Improve and enrich people's lives

The United States Becomes a Superpower PPT, Part 3: Economic Crisis

Time: mid-1970s

Reason: In 1973, the oil-exporting countries in the Middle East united to significantly increase oil prices.

Performance: economic stagnation, inflation

Impact: The U.S. economy suffered a huge blow. Although it overcame the crisis and came out of the trough, the economic growth rate is not as fast as before.

Due to its strong economic foundation, the United States is still the most economically powerful country in the world and the only superpower at present.

Dollar crisis:

The disintegration of the dollar-centered capitalist world monetary system

In the 1970s, the value of the U.S. dollar plummeted, and many people in Europe refused to buy U.S. dollars. In London, a tourist from New York said: "The banks, hotels, and shops here are all the same. When they see the dollars in our hands, they look as if these dollars have become carriers of germs." In Paris, Taxis have signs saying "No more dollars accepted" and even beggars have "No dollars accepted" written on their hats.

Outline the main characteristics of the U.S. economic development after World War II

1. The economy continues to develop at an extremely rapid rate, ascending to the throne of the capitalist world hegemon, and is still the richest and most powerful country in the world.

2. Mainly export-oriented economy, multinational companies have developed rapidly, capital exports have continued to expand, occupying a vast international market, and economic penetration has spread all over the world.

3. The high-tech industry driven by the third scientific and technological revolution developed rapidly and became a pillar industry. In the 1990s, we entered a new economic era characterized by informatization and globalization.

The United States Becomes a Superpower PPT, Part 4: Class Summary

Summary: Reasons for the economic development of the United States after the war

The main reason: timely adjustment of economic policies and self-regulation of capitalism

Fundamental reasons: Seize the opportunity of the third scientific and technological revolution, vigorously develop science and technology, and develop high-tech industries (the most powerful factor)

Inquiry: What lessons can you draw from the development of the American economy after World War II? What lessons should China learn from this?

1. To become a prosperous and powerful country, we must pay attention to science and technology education. Education is the foundation of a country's development. Therefore, we must persist in rejuvenating the country through science and education.

2. Both history and reality have proven that "science and technology are the primary productive forces" and economic strength is crucial to the survival and development of a country.

The United States Becomes a Superpower PPT, Part 5: Stages

Postwar Prosperity—Phase One: The Fifties and Sixties

Features: Continuous development, prosperity in the west and south.

Reason: After World War II, the United States became the richest and most powerful country in the world, occupying a vast international market; vigorously developing science and technology education, developing emerging industries and military industries; improving people's lives and creating an environment for economic development

From the 1950s to the 1960s, there was a "golden age" of economic growth in the United States. The total industrial output value increased from 523.3 billion U.S. dollars in 1961 to 1,063.4 billion U.S. dollars in 1971; from 1965 to 1970, the industrial production of the United States grew at a rate of 18%; in 1970, the United States accounted for 25% of the world's coal production and 10% of its crude oil production. 21% and 25% of steel production; in 1971, the United States owned 111 million cars, and 83% of households owned at least one car; in 1970, U.S. agricultural products tripled those in 1950, and one farmer could feed 47.1 people.

Crisis and Economic Adjustment - Phase Two: The Seventies and Eighties

Characteristics: During the crisis in the 1970s, the economic status declined; during the adjustment in the 1980s, economic development was restricted.

Reasons: The shortcomings of economic development have been revealed; it has been severely hit by the crisis; inflation and heavy debt.

Due to the huge cost of the Vietnam War and the consequences of long-term deficit finance, the United States' international balance of payments deteriorated, and the dollar crisis emerged.

As the oil-producing countries in the Middle East significantly increased oil prices, it triggered a worldwide economic crisis in 1974-1975. It caused the U.S. automobile industry to decline by 32%, the stock market to fall sharply, companies to go bankrupt, and the number of unemployed people to hit a post-war record high. In 1975, the U.S. unemployment rate reached 9.2%.

After Reagan came to power, he proposed the "Economic Recovery Plan". However, as the government deficit remained high, it had to borrow heavily and the national debt soared. When the Reagan administration was coming to an end, the U.S. national debt had exceeded $2 trillion, making it the world's largest indebted country.

The emergence of the new economy - the third stage: the 1990s

Features: sustained and stable development, entering the new economic era.

Reasons: Reforming the social economy; increasing efforts to develop education, science and technology, promoting the development of high and new technologies represented by the information industry; completing the technological transformation of traditional industries.

The United States Becomes a Superpower PPT, Part Six: The Third Scientific and Technological Revolution

The third scientific and technological revolution that began in the 1940s and 1950s was another major leap in the field of science and technology in the history of human civilization after the steam technology revolution and the electric power technology revolution.

It is mainly marked by the invention and application of atomic energy, electronic computers, space technology and bioengineering, and involves an information control technology revolution in many fields such as information technology, new energy technology, new material technology, biotechnology, space technology and ocean technology. .

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