"The Sudden Death of the Qin Dynasty and the Establishment of the Western Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country - Qin and Han PPT courseware 2

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"The Sudden Death of the Qin Dynasty and the Establishment of the Western Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country - Qin and Han PPT courseware 2

Learning objectives: Qin’s tyrannical rule, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang’s uprising, the demise of the Qin Dynasty, and the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty

1. The tyranny of the Qin Dynasty

heavy corvee

①Build Afang Palace

②Build Lishan Mausoleum

③Build the Great Wall

④Build a relaxed road

heavy taxes

2/3 turned over to the state

cruel criminal law

There are more than 10 types of death penalty including car breaking, etc.

Qin II was even more cruel

Qin's tyrannical rule

1. The heavy corvee brought a heavy burden to the people

2. Heavy taxes

3. The law is cruel and the people can no longer bear it

4. The rule of Qin II was even more tyrannical

Later generations’ comments on Qin Shihuang have both praise and criticism. Please share your views.

Qin Shihuang made great contributions to Chinese history.

①Follow the trend of historical development and unify China, ending the long-standing situation of feudal separation and conducive to the stability of people's lives;

② He established a centralized system of feudal despotism, unified the weights and measures, currency, and writing across the country, and promoted economic and cultural exchanges across the country. The Qin Dynasty became the first unified multi-ethnic feudal country in the history of our country.

Qin Shihuang was also a famous tyrant.

① Heavy taxes, heavy corvee labor, and harsh laws have brought incomparable pain and great disasters to the people;

② Burning books and humiliating Confucians suppressed thought and destroyed culture.

Qin Shihuang's merits outweighed his faults.

2. Peasant uprising in the late Qin Dynasty

1. Early stage: Chen Sheng and Wu Guang uprising

1) Direct reason-------delay due to rain

The root cause-------Qin’s tyranny

2) Time and place

3) Process

Dazexiang Uprising (209 BC)→→ Attack the county town→→ Chen Sheng proclaimed himself king and established the political power→→ The world responded→→ Approached Xianyang→→ Qin II counterattacked→→ The uprising was suppressed

4) Impact: The first large-scale peasant uprising in Chinese history

2. Later period: Xiang Yu and Liu Bang led the peasant army, the main force against Qin

1) Battle of Julu (207 BC)

Victory with less, Xiang Yu defeated the main force of the Qin army and "burned the cauldron and sank the boat"

2) In 207 BC, Liu Bang led his army into Xianyang and Qin was destroyed.

Battle of the Giant Deer

The Battle of Julu, a decisive battle between Xiang Yu and the main Qin army of 400,000 led by the Qin generals Zhang Han and Wang Li in Julu (now Pingxiang, Hebei). It was also a famous victory with fewer troops in Chinese history. One of the many battles. Xiang Yu broke the cauldron and sank the boat, and took the lead to attack the Qin army when the princes' armies were cowering. Finally, he annihilated the 200,000 Qin army led by Wang Li, and a few months later, he and other princes forced the other 200,000 Han Qin army to surrender. From then on, Xiang Yu established his leadership position in various rebel armies. After this battle, the main force of the Qin Dynasty was lost, and it existed in name only.

Besieged on all sides

Xiang Yu's troops were surrounded by Gaixia. In order to quickly undermine the morale of the Chu army, Han Xin resorted to the method of "besieged on all sides" and asked the soldiers to sing songs of Chu land outside the encirclement.

After Xiang Yu's soldiers heard Chu songs, they all missed their hometown. In addition to years of fighting, they were already exhausted physically and mentally and had low morale. Now that they heard Chu songs all around, they began to flee in large numbers.

The Han soldiers have captured the territory, and there are songs of distress from all directions. The king is exhausted, how can I survive as a lowly concubine? For a person like Xiang Yu, at this time, he can only be a hero with a short temper and a long love for his children. Everyone around her was in tears. In order not to drag down Xiang Yu, Yu Ji committed suicide on the spot with her sword.

The establishment of the Western Han Dynasty

Date of establishment: 202 BC

Capital: Chang'an

Founder: Liu Bang, "Han Gaozu"

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"The Sudden Death of the Qin Dynasty and the Establishment of the Western Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country - Qin and Han PPT courseware 3:

"The Sudden Death of the Qin Dynasty and the Establishment of the Western Han Dynasty" The Establishment of the Unified State Qin and Han PPT Courseware 3 1. The Tyranny of Qin Shihuang Independent study Read the relevant content on pages 49-51 aloud to find out what are the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty? Outline relevant knowledge in the textbook The Tyranny of Qin Dynasty 1..

"The Sudden Death of the Qin Dynasty and the Establishment of the Western Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country - Qin and Han PPT courseware:

"The Sudden Death of the Qin Dynasty and the Establishment of the Western Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country Qin and Han PPT courseware Course standard requirements: Know the tyranny of Qin and the uprisings of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang. Know the fall of the Qin Dynasty and the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty. From 230 BC to 221 BC, the King of Qin won political power one after another...

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Update Time: 2024-09-06

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