"The Southward Shift of the Economic Center of gravity" The southward shift of the economic center of gravity and the development of ethnic relations PPT courseware 3

Description

"The Southward Shift of the Economic Center of gravity" The southward shift of the economic center of gravity and the development of ethnic relations PPT courseware 3

learning target:

1. Understand the development of the southern economy from the middle and late Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty and the southward shift of ancient China's economic center, which was finally completed in the Southern Song Dynasty.

2. Cultivate students' ability to analyze and summarize problems by summarizing the main achievements and causes of economic development from the middle and late Tang Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty.

3. To enable students to understand that commerce and foreign trade have reached an unprecedented level, occupying a leading position in the world at that time, and enhance students' sense of national pride.

Focus: The Boom of Southern Commerce

Difficulty: Reasons for economic development in the South

Self-learning

1. Conditions and performance of agricultural development in the South

2. The prosperity of southern handicraft industry

3. Performance of southern business prosperity

Reading material:

(During the Southern Dynasties) The land south of the Yangtze River was vast and wild, and the people were diligent in their own business. If they were one year old, they would forget about hunger in several counties. ... Silk, cotton and silk can cover the world.

(During the Song Dynasty) the imperial court... really admired the wealth in the southeast, and... said, "If Su Lake is ripe, the world will be rich."

What issues do these two materials illustrate?

This shows that by the Southern Dynasties, the southern economy had developed greatly and gradually caught up with the north.

By the Song Dynasty, the southern economy was already quite developed, surpassing that of the north, and the country relied on the south for its fiscal revenue.

This essentially means that the center of gravity of ancient my country's economy has moved from the north to the south.

1. Conditions and performance of agricultural development in the South

condition:

(1) Political factors: There are fewer wars in the south and social stability

(2) Economic factors: The migration of northern people to the south brings labor and advanced technology

(3) Natural factors: superior natural conditions

1. What is the reason for the southward shift of the economic center of gravity?

(1) There are fewer wars in the south and the society is relatively stable.

(2) Northerners migrated south, bringing advanced technology, labor, and crops with them

(3) The natural conditions are superior.

(4) Government attention and support.

2. Performance

Champa rice introduced from Vietnam was promoted in the Jiangnan region; Suzhou and Huzhou in the Taihu Lake Basin became important granaries; rice ranked first in grain production in the Song Dynasty;

Cotton cultivation expanded from Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian to the Yangtze River Basin;

The cultivation of tea trees has also developed greatly.

The promotion of rice in the Song Dynasty

During the Song Dynasty, due to government promotion, rice cultivation was extended to the Huaihe and Yellow River basins, and the excellent rice species Champaign rice was introduced from Vietnam.

Promotion of cotton cultivation

1. Increased varieties and introduced Champa rice.

2. Suzhou and Huzhou have become important granaries

3. Rice ranks first in grain production

4. Cotton cultivation is extended to the Yangtze River Basin

5. The cultivation of tea trees has made great progress

2. The prosperity of handicraft industry

Textile industry: Silk fabrics from Sichuan are known as "the best in the world". The silk output in Jiangsu and Zhejiang is high. The cotton textile industry has developed to the southeast coast.

Porcelain making industry: Jiangnan became the center of the porcelain making industry. Ice-cracked porcelain from Zhejiang Ge Kiln. Jingdezhen later developed into a porcelain capital.

Shipbuilding industry: Guangzhou and Quanzhou have developed shipbuilding industries

Porcelain industry

The Song Dynasty was a glorious era in the history of Chinese porcelain.

①During the Southern Song Dynasty, the Jiangnan region had become the center of my country’s porcelain making industry.

② Zhejiang Ge Kiln can produce ice-cracked porcelain, giving people a unique aesthetic feeling.

③Jingdezhen, which emerged in the Northern Song Dynasty, later developed into a famous porcelain capital.

3. Business development

Metropolises appeared: Kaifeng, Lin'an (the largest)

Overseas trade exceeds that of previous generations: Guangzhou, Quanzhou

Paper money - the emergence of Jiaozi: Sichuan area, early Northern Song Dynasty

(1) Commercial city

There were many commercial cities in the Song Dynasty, the largest ones being Kaifeng and Hangzhou.

(2) Overseas trade

① Foreign trade ports: Guangzhou and Quanzhou are world-famous large commercial ports;

②Foreign trade scope: as close as North Korea and Japan, and as far as the Arabian Peninsula and the east coast of Africa;

③ Management organization: The government encourages overseas trade and sets up municipal shipping departments in major ports to manage them.

(3) The production of banknotes

① Fundamental reason: the development of commodity economy;

②Occurrence: In the early Northern Song Dynasty, the Jiaozi that appeared in Sichuan was the earliest paper currency in the world;

③Development: In the Southern Song Dynasty, paper money developed into a currency parallel to copper coins, called Huizi;

④Impact: The production of paper money is conducive to the development of business.

Knowing the past and learning the present:

What implications do you think the southward shift of the ancient economic center of gravity has on our economic construction today?

(1) Policies that actively encourage economic development must be adopted.

(2) Maintain a good situation of stability and unity.

(3) Pay attention to scientific and technological progress.

(4) Protect the ecological environment and care for nature.

Cities: What developments have occurred compared to previous generations?

Urban layout: breaking the boundaries between "fang" and "city"

Business hours: Extended business hours

Product types: There are more products on the market

1. Among the following food crops, the output ranked first in the Southern Song Dynasty ( )

A. Wheat B. Rice C. Cotton D. Millet

2. A glorious era in the history of Chinese porcelain ( )

A. Sui Dynasty B. Tang Dynasty C. Five Dynasties D. Song Dynasty

3. The handicraft industry sector that ranked first in the world during the Song Dynasty was ( )

A. Silk weaving industry B. Cotton weaving industry C. Porcelain making industry D. Shipbuilding industry

4. my country’s economic center of gravity moved south, finally completed in ( )

A. Middle and late Tang Dynasty B. Five Dynasties C. Northern Song Dynasty D. Southern Song Dynasty

5. Among the following statements about banknotes, the wrong one is ()

A. First appeared in Sichuan area in the early Northern Song Dynasty, called "Zhizi"

B. The emergence of banknotes provides convenient conditions for commercial development.

C. The emergence of paper money was the result of the commercial prosperity of the Song Dynasty

D. The earliest banknotes were issued by the state

6. The planting of cotton in my country expanded from Guangdong and Fujian to the Yangtze River Basin ()

A. Northern Song Dynasty B. Southern Song Dynasty C. Yuan Dynasty D. Ming Dynasty

7. The following economic development achievements occurred in the Southern Song Dynasty ()

A. The silk weaving industry in the south is better than that in the north

B. The rise of the porcelain industry in Jingdezhen C. The emergence of branches in Sichuan

D. The Jiangnan region became the center of the porcelain industry

Combining the above reasons and understanding of relevant current affairs, in the current process of development of the western region of my country, development and protection of ecological balance are dialectical and unified principles, and the correct path of sustainable development should be followed.

The current development of the western region is not a westward shift of the economic center of gravity, but a major measure to narrow the gap between the eastern and western regions and pursue common prosperity. It embodies the basic principle of common prosperity for all ethnic groups.

What is the inspiration for the southward shift of the ancient economic center of gravity?

Enlightenment from the southward shift of the ancient economic center of gravity:

Political stability is a necessary condition for economic development; the importance that rulers attach to economic development is an important factor in its economic development;

The timely introduction and application of the most advanced science and technology in economic construction is an important guarantee for promoting rapid economic development.

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Update Time: 2024-09-09

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