"The Second Opium War" The invasion of China by foreign powers and the preservation of national salvation plans in the late Qing Dynasty PPT courseware 2

"The Second Opium War" The invasion of China by foreign powers and the preservation of national salvation plans in the late Qing Dynasty PPT courseware 2

1. Burning the Yuanmingyuan (The Second Opium War)

1. Time: October 1856-October 1860

2. Reason: Britain was not satisfied with immediate benefits, expanded its interests of aggression, and further opened up the Chinese market.

3. Invaders: Main culprit: British and French forces

Accomplices: Russia and the United States

4. Result: The Qing Dynasty was defeated and signed an unequal treaty

5. Crimes of the Great Powers: The British and French forces burned down the Old Summer Palace

Russia ceded territory (more than 1.5 million square kilometers)

Talk about it

How do you feel when you look at the original glory of the Old Summer Palace, the tragedy of being burned down, and the return of the cultural relics of the Old Summer Palace in recent years?

The Chinese people have superb wisdom and craftsmanship

If you fall behind, you will be beaten.

To avoid being invaded again, we must become stronger

2. Tsarist Russia occupied large areas of China’s territory

"Treaty of Aihui" in 1858: south of the Waixing'an Mountains and north of Heilongjiang

1860 Treaty of Peking: East of the Ussuri River, including Sakhalin Island

1864 "Record of the Survey and Demarcation of the Northwest Boundary": east and south of Balsh Lake

After the 1880s: Northwest China, more than 70,000

think about it

1. Why did China suffer such a disaster? What are the subjective reasons?

The two Opium Wars reflected the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government. It repeatedly compromised and gave in, causing China's situation to take a turn for the worse.

2. How did the people respond?

It caused extreme dissatisfaction among the people. The people revolted one after another against the corrupt rule of the Qing government and fought back against foreign aggressive forces.

1. The First Opium War ended in 1842. How many years had passed when the Second Opium War broke out? ( )

A.12 B.14 C.16 D.18

2. The invaders who broke into Beijing and burned the Old Summer Palace in October 1860 came from ( ).

A.Britain B.France C.Britain and France D.Russia

3. The area east of the Ussuri River, including Sakhalin Island. The unequal treaty ceded to Tsarist Russia is ( )

A. The Treaty of Aihun between China and Russia B. The Treaty of Surveying and Demarcating the Northwest Boundary between China and Russia

C. China-Russia "Revised Treaty" D. China-Russia "Beijing Treaty"

"When Britain and France fought a costly war against China, it was only to benefit Russia."

1. What does war mean?

second opium war

2. What heinous crimes did Britain and France commit against China during the war?

1860.10 British and French forces burned the Old Summer Palace

3. What benefits did Russia gain from the war?

Through the signing of treaties such as the "Aihun Treaty" and the "Beijing Treaty", more than 1 million square kilometers of northern China's territory were ceded.

4. What is the most serious harm caused by this war to China?

The degree of semi-colonialization of Chinese society has further deepened

5. What are the unequal treaties signed as a result of this war?

Treaty of Tianjin, Treaty of Beijing, Treaty of Aihun

6. Who was the reigning emperor at that time?

Emperor Xianfeng

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