"The Second Opium War" PPT courseware

"The Second Opium War" PPT courseware

Part One: Learning Objectives

1. Understand the criminal acts of foreign powers invading China during the Second Opium War, which resulted in the burning of China’s world-famous royal palaces and further loss of sovereignty, the historical facts of Russia’s aggression in occupying a large area of ​​northern China through unequal treaties, and the historical facts of the national crisis. Over the years, the historical facts of the resistance struggle of the peasant rebels;

2. Think about the reasons for the outbreak of the Second Opium War, and why is it said to be a continuation of the Opium War?

Course import

After the Old Summer Palace was burned down, only the ruins remained.

One of the views of the Old Summer Palace before it was burned down

The Second Opium War PPT, the second part of the content: new course teaching

1. Britain once again launched a war of aggression against China

1. The Second Opium War:

(1) Reason: The UK is not satisfied with the benefits it has already obtained and attempts to further open up the Chinese market;

(2) Excuses: British-Arrow incident; French-Malaysian priest incident;

(3) Time: 1856~1860;

(4) History: The war began in 1856. The British and French invading troops moved north along the coastline, while Russia and the United States actively supported the British and French invasion of China and profited from it in the name of "mediation."

(5) Impact:

China lost more territory and sovereignty;

After that, Chinese and foreign reactionary forces began to collude;

China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal society has further deepened.

Why is the Second Opium War said to be the continuation and expansion of the Opium War?

continue:

(1) The fundamental reason and purpose are the same: they are both to open up the Chinese market and turn China into a commodity market and source of raw materials for countries such as the United Kingdom;

(2) The nature of the wars is the same: they are all aggressive and unjust colonial and predatory wars.

(3) The effects of wars are consistent: the Opium War caused China to become a semi-colony; the Second Opium War deepened China's semi-colonialization.

expand:

(1) Expansion of aggressive power: Britain → United States and Russia

(2) Increase in invasion time: more than two years → four years

(3) Expansion of the invasion area: coastal areas south of the Yangtze River → coastal areas, the capital of the Qing government of China

(4) More signatories and treaties: Britain, France and the United States→multiple countries and multiple treaties

(5) The number of treaty ports and ceded territories increased: five ports were opened for trade, Hong Kong Island was ceded to 11 places, one additional district was ceded to the Kowloon Division, and large areas of territory in the northeast and northwest frontiers were lost;

(6) Increase in compensation: 21 million silver dollars → huge compensation

(7) Destroying more of China’s sovereignty

2. The burning of the Old Summer Palace and the signing of the "Beijing Treaty"

(1) Time: 1860

(2) Country: United Kingdom and France

(3) Process: Occupying Tianjin and advancing on Beijing. In early October, the Old Summer Palace was looted and burned down.

The Old Summer Palace is China's world-famous royal garden. It combines the essence of Chinese and Western architectural arts and houses countless treasures and cultural relics. It is a rare museum and art gallery in the world and is called the "Garden of Ten Thousand Gardens" in the West.

Extend and expand

The Old Summer Palace is located in the northwest suburbs of Beijing and in the eastern part of Haidian District. It is a world-famous royal garden. It was originally a large royal garden in the Qing Dynasty, covering an area of ​​about 5,200 acres. Its layout is in the shape of an inverted "pin". It consists of the Old Summer Palace, Changchun Garden, Qi Garden Spring Garden consists of three gardens. The name "Old Summer Palace" was named by Emperor Kangxi. The three-character plaque of Xuanye's imperial book hangs above the lintel of the Yuanmingyuan Palace. Why is it called "Old Summer Palace"? Emperor Yongzheng had an explanation that the meaning of the word "Yuan Ming" is: "Round and immersive, a gentleman is in the middle of the hour; bright and universal, a person's wisdom." It means that "round" refers to the perfect personal character. Perfect, surpassing ordinary people; "Ming" refers to political achievements that are bright and perfect, perfect and wise. This can be said to be the ideal standard used by the ruling class in the feudal era to advertise wise kings and virtuous ministers.

3. Russia invaded and occupied large areas of our country’s territory

Guess: What is the difference in area between the following two pictures?

Beginning in the late 1850s, Russia, through a series of unequal treaties, ceded more than 1.5 million square kilometers of Chinese territory, equivalent to the area of ​​15 Zhejiang Provinces.

The Second Opium War PPT, Part 3: Class Summary

1. The Second Opium War caused China to lose more sovereignty. Western forces such as Britain, France, and the United States penetrated from the southeastern coast to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River;

2. Tsarist Russia occupied large areas of northern China;

3. China’s semi-colonialization has further deepened.

Keywords: Free download of history PPT courseware for the eighth grade of the People's Education Press, Volume 1, Second Opium War PPT download, .PPT format;

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