"The Second Opium War and the Westernization Movement" The invasion of foreign powers and the salvation of the Chinese nation PPT courseware 2

"The Second Opium War and the Westernization Movement" The invasion of foreign powers and the salvation of the Chinese nation PPT courseware 2

1. Burning the Old Summer Palace

1. Fundamental reasons: In order to further open up the Chinese market, Britain and France expanded their rights to invade

2. Time: 1856~1860

3. Process:

4. Result: ① Signing of unequal treaty

②In 1860, the British and French forces burned the Old Summer Palace

③Tsarist Russia took advantage of the situation and occupied large areas of China’s territory.

5. Impact: China’s semi-colonial and semi-feudalization has further deepened.

Thinking: "What does the history of burning the Old Summer Palace illustrate?"

On the one hand, it once again exposed the ferocious face of capitalist plunder, and on the other hand, it once again exposed the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government. The war caused China to lose more rights and interests. It was a continuation of the Opium War.

2. Tsarist Russia took advantage of the situation and robbed it

What is the historical background of the Westernization Movement? What are their claims?

During the Second Opium War, in the process of suppressing peasant uprisings and dealing with Western powers, some powerful bureaucrats in the Qing government were deeply stimulated by the power of Western ships and artillery.

In order to maintain the rule of the Qing Dynasty, they advocated the introduction and learning of advanced Western machinery and equipment and science and technology, and the establishment of modern industry. These people were called Westernizers.

Westernization: refers to all foreign-related affairs, including the establishment of military and civilian industries, the establishment of a new army and navy, the establishment of new schools, sending overseas students, and many other foreign-related contents. It does not only refer to the establishment of industry.

3. (From “self-improvement” to “seeking wealth”) Westernization Movement

1. Purpose: To maintain the rule of the Qing government

2. Time: 1860s-1890s

3. Slogan: Self-improvement, seeking wealth “Learn from foreigners and learn skills to strengthen yourself”

4. Representative:

Center: Yixin, Wenxiang

Place: Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zongtang, Zhang Zhidong

4. The rise of national industry

Pioneers and achievements of national industry:

Fang Juzan and Sun Yingde—

In 1866, they founded Fachang Machinery Factory in Shanghai as a partnership.

Chen Qiyuan—

In 1872, Jichanglong Silk Reeling Factory was founded in Nanhai County, Guangdong.

1. The Second Opium War was the continuation of the Opium War, mainly because:

A. Same background

B. The purpose and nature are the same

C. The same way

D. The countries that started the war are the same (B)

2. The fundamental purpose of Britain and France launching the Second Opium War was:

A. Expand the scale of aggression

B. Modify unequal treaties

C. Increase treaty ports

D. Further open the Chinese market (D)

3. Which of the following are national capitalist in nature ( )

A. Jiangnan Manufacturing Administration B. Anqing Ordnance Institute

C.Tianjin Machinery Bureau D.Jichanglong Silk Reeling Factory

4. The characteristics of the rise and development of my country’s modern national industry do not include ( )

A. The geographical distribution is mostly concentrated along the southeastern coast.

B. The industrial sector focuses on light industry

C. Small scale, few funds and weak technical force

D. Started late, but developed quickly

5. The factors that hinder the development of modern national industry in my country are ( )

①The invasion and oppression of foreign capitalism ②The oppression and restraint of domestic feudalism ③The destruction of bureaucratic capital ④Continuous wars and social unrest

A.①②③④ B.①②③ C.①②④ D.①②

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"The Second Opium War and the Westernization Movement" The invasion of foreign powers and the salvation of the Chinese nation PPT courseware:

"The Second Opium War and the Westernization Movement" The invasion of foreign powers and the salvation of the Chinese nation PPT courseware material: After the signing of the Treaty of Nanjing between China and Britain, the European bourgeoisie was ecstatic at the thought of opening up trade with 30 or 40 million people. , everyone seems to have gone crazy...