"The Rules of Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan" The coexistence of the multi-ethnic regimes of Liao, Song, Xia and Jin and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty PPT

Description

"The Rules of Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan" The coexistence of the multi-ethnic regimes of Liao, Song, Xia and Jin and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty PPT

Part 1: Importing new lessons:

Students all know that the above film and television characters come from several TV series, so what do they have to do with this lesson? Let's learn together

PPT on the rule of Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan, part two: Liao and Xixia

Wherever you go and camp, you are at home.

One Zhuo Qiong Lu several rides.

Natives of thousands of miles of mountains and rivers,

Hunting is life in four seasons.

1. rise

(1) During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the economic and cultural ties between the nomadic Khitans in the north and the Han people became increasingly close.

(2) At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the northern Han people fled the chaos and went north to the Great Wall, bringing with them the advanced production technology and lifestyle of the Central Plains.

(3) By the late 9th century, Khitan had already developed farming, iron smelting, textiles and other production industries, and began to build houses and cities.

(2) Establishment and rule of political power

①At the beginning of the 10th century, Yelu Abaoji unified all Khitan tribes and established political power. The capital was Linhengfu in Shangjing.

②After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Abaoji developed production, created writing, and the national strength continued to increase.

The official setting of the Liao Dynasty:

The official system of the Liao Dynasty was divided into north and south.

1. The northern official is responsible for the affairs of the Khitan and other nomadic peoples;

2. The southern officials are responsible for the affairs of the farming ethnic groups, which are mainly Han people.

The emperor and his court still maintained the grassland customs and migrated regularly every year as the seasons changed.

The migration camp became the center of national politics

2. Party clan

(1) Rise: During the Tang Dynasty, the Dangxiang people concentrated in eastern Gansu and northern Shaanxi. They had more and more contact with the culture of the Central Plains, and social production developed.

Xixia's ruling measures

(1) Politically: Yuan Hao imitated the systems of the Tang and Song Dynasties and established official positions, military systems and laws;

(2) Economically: encourage land reclamation and develop agricultural and animal husbandry economy;

(3) Culturally: Xixia writing was also created.

PPT on the rule of Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the third part: Jin Dynasty took control of the Central Plains

1. The rise of the Jurchen tribe

1. Overview: The Jurchen people live in the Heilongjiang Basin and the Changbai Mountains and lead a nomadic life of fishing and hunting.

2. Unification: At the end of the 11th century, Aguda, the leader of the Wanyan tribe, further completed the unification of the various Jurchen tribes.

3. Establishment: In 1115, Aguda officially established the Jurchen regime. The country was named Dajin. Wanyan Aguda was Taizu Jin.

In 1114, Wanyan Aguda, the leader of the Jurchen tribe, raised his troops to rebel against the Liao Dynasty. The following year, he proclaimed himself emperor and established the Jin Dynasty. He settled in Duning Prefecture, which was also called Shangjing.

In 1125, the Jin Dynasty destroyed the Liao Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty two years later, gradually forming a confrontation with the Southern Song Dynasty.

In 1153, Jin moved the capital to Yanjing and renamed Yanjing Zhongdu.

The integration of soldiers and farmers: Meng An Muke

The system of the Jin Dynasty basically followed that of the Tang and Song Dynasties, but it maintained a Jurchen nationality management system called Meng'an Muke.

For Jurchen households, every 300 households are classified as one Mou Ke, and 10 Mou Ke are classified as one Meng'an.

They built villages to live among the Han villages, farmed in peacetime, and selected young men to go to war in time of war.

PPT on the rule of Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, part 4: from the rise of Mongolia to the unification of the Yuan Dynasty

The ancestors of the Mongolian tribe are a branch of Shiwei in China. Shiwei, Xianbei and Khitan are both descendants of Donghu. The Tang Dynasty was called "Mengwu Shiwei" and originated in the present-day Erguna River Basin. In the Liao Dynasty, Tatar became the general name for the nomadic tribes in the north. At this time, Mongolia was only a part of Tatar. The grassland tribes are in frequent melee.

Genghis Khan unified Mongolia

1.Background

(1) In the 12th century, wars broke out frequently among Mongolian grassland tribes. People hoped that the grasslands would be unified and the wars would end.

(2) Temujin realized that only the unification of the grasslands can enable the people to live a stable life

2.Overview

(1) Temujin led his troops on many expeditions and defeated all the powerful forces on the grassland one by one.

(2) In 1206, Temujin completed the unification of the Mongolian grasslands and established the Mongolian regime

(3) Temujin was promoted as the Great Khan and honored as Genghis Khan

3. Measures

(1) Administration: Established a system integrating military, administration and production; established judicial institutions

(2) Military: A security force of 10,000 people was formed

(3) Culture: Creation of Mongolian characters

Temujin, born in 1162, was promoted as "Khan" around 1184. From then on, he began the cause of unifying Mongolia and Mobei. In 1206, the Mongol Khanate was established. In 1227, he led his army to attack Xixia. In July, he died of illness in Liupan Mountain.

PPT on the rule of Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, part 5: provincial system

1. Centralized system

(1) Establishment: After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan gradually established the centralized system of monarchy with reference to the ruling methods of previous dynasties in the Central Plains.

(2) Content

After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, the three provinces were abolished and a one-province system was implemented. Only Zhongshu Province was established. The governor of Zhongshu Province was responsible for the affairs of the Prime Minister Heping Zhang, who was the prime minister of the Yuan Dynasty. The six ministries were assigned to Zhongshu Province.

At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, it was planned to adopt a three-province system. Gao Ming, the imperial censor, advised him that the administrative efficiency of the three provinces was not as good as that of one province. Shizu adopted his suggestion.

The implementation of the "one-province system" in the Yuan Dynasty was a rebound in strengthening imperial power and weakening the power of the prime minister since the Sui and Tang Dynasties.

The Yuan Dynasty was an era of minority rule, and the one-province system was a backflow in the spiral.

The historical role of the provincial system:

1. It is the beginning of my country’s provincial system and a major reform of ancient my country’s local administrative system. It occupies an important position in the history of ancient my country’s political system and serves as an important reference for today’s administrative divisions.

2. It facilitates the central government’s management of local governments and is of great significance for strengthening centralization of power, especially for adjusting the relationship between the central government and local governments.

3. It is of great significance for consolidating and expanding the rule of a unified multi-ethnic country.

PPT on the rule of Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, part 6: Ethnic relations in the Yuan Dynasty

1. The status of the Yuan Dynasty: the first national unified dynasty established mainly by ethnic minority nobles in the history of our country

(1) The formation of the Hui ethnic group:

Since the Tang Dynasty, many people from Persia and Arabia have lived together with the Han, Mongolian, Uighur and other ethnic groups for a long time. They have married each other and gradually merged to form a new ethnic group - the Hui ethnic group.

(2) Impact: Promoted the economic and cultural development and integration of all ethnic groups.

four-man system

1. Mongols: About 200,000 households and 1.5 million to 1.5 million people. This is the ruling nation.

2. Semu people (se means various colors and types): Wanggu, Aiwu and Qincha who speak Turkic; Tangwu/Tanggut and Tubo who speak Tibetan; and Huihui, who speak Persian and Arabic The answer is barbaric, these are the assistants of the ruler, there are about one million or so.

3. Han people: There are about 10 million Han people under the rule of Jurchen, Bohai, Khitan and Jin dynasties.

4. Southerners: The survivors of the Southern Song Dynasty, also called "Barbarians" and "Nanjiazi", about 60 million.

5. The demise of Yuan

Background: National conflicts are gradually weakening, but class conflicts caused by the gap between the rich and the poor in society are becoming increasingly serious.

In the middle of the 14th century, peasant uprisings broke out one after another in the Central Plains and the South.

The Yuan Dynasty fell in 1368, and some Mongolians, with the court nobles as the core, retreated to the grasslands.

Keywords: Free download of PPT courseware for the first volume of the unified version of the Outline of Chinese and Foreign History, PPT download of the rule of Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, PPT download of the coexistence of the multi-ethnic regimes of Liao, Song, Xia and Jin and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty, .PPT format;

For more information about the PPT courseware "The coexistence of the multi-ethnic regimes of the Liao, Song, Xia and Jin Dynasties and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty and the rule of the Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties", please click on the ppt tag of the coexistence of the multi-ethnic regimes of the Liao, Song, Xia and Jin Dynasties and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty and the rule of the Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties.

"The Reign of Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties" PPT courseware:

"The Rule of Liao, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties" The coexistence of the multi-ethnic regimes of Liao, Song, Xia and Jin and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty PPT courseware Part 1: Introduction to the new lesson. Have you all seen "Dragon"? Who does Qiao Feng in it originally think he is? Then you found out who you were? ..

File Info

Update Time: 2024-09-08

This template belongs to History courseware The first volume of the unified edition of Chinese and foreign history compendium industry PPT template

Preview