"The Rise of Asia, Africa and Latin America" ​​PPT courseware 5 on the independence and revitalization of Asian, African and Latin American countries

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"The Rise of Asia, Africa and Latin America" ​​PPT courseware 5 on the independence and revitalization of Asian, African and Latin American countries

"Asian, African and Latin American countries"

Geographically, they are located in Asia, Africa and Latin America.

From the perspective of politics, economy, science and technology, culture and education, they still have a large gap with developed countries. They are rising and developing, so they are also called "developing countries". Or "Third World"

1. Independence and revitalization of Asian countries

1.India’s Independence

(1)Background:

① India was originally the largest colony in Asia and was under direct British rule for 200 years.

② Since the failure of the great national uprising against the British in 1857, India has carried out many national independence struggles.

In 1600, Britain invaded India and established the East India Company. In 1757, India became a British colony.

In 1849, the British occupied all of India.

In 1857, an anti-British uprising broke out in India.

In 1858, the British government directly ruled India.

① In 1947, Britain was forced to agree to India's independence, but decided to divide the original India into two countries: India and Pakistan, and implement the partition of India and Pakistan.

②In 1950, the Republic of India was established. (Nehru)

In 1956, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan was established. (Jinnah)

After Pakistan's independence, three India-Pakistan wars occurred in the Kashmir region in 1948, 1965, and 1971 due to territorial disputes with India (i.e., the Kashmir issue).

The Third Indo-Pakistani War directly resulted in the independence of East Pakistan into Bangladesh.

In July 1972, the two sides signed the Simla Agreement and achieved a ceasefire. Since then, the two sides have held many talks, but no agreement has been reached. Since 1989, the two sides have continued to exchange fire. In May 1998, Pakistan followed India and conducted six underground nuclear tests, exacerbating tensions. In April 2003, India and Pakistan successively expressed their willingness to re-engage in dialogue, and on November 25, a ceasefire was reached at the line of actual control.

think about it

What remarkable achievements did India achieve in the following half century after independence?

We have basically achieved self-sufficiency in food, established a relatively complete industrial system, and made remarkable achievements in the information industry.

(2) Independence and development of other Asian countries

1. Independence Before and after India’s independence, many colonies and semi-colonies in Asia gained independence.

2. Development: Many countries in Asia have chosen a path of development adapted to their own national conditions, thus creating miracles of economic development and becoming modern countries. For example, China's Taiwan, Hong Kong, South Korea, and Singapore are developing rapidly economically and are known as the Four Asian Tigers.

1. What were the main processes of the African independence movement after World War II?

A. Initiated: Egypt became independent in 1952 and regained sovereignty over the Suez Canal in 1956.

B. Climax: More than 30 countries became independent in the 1950s and 1960s

C. Go deeper: Namibia’s independence in 1990

2. What contribution did Nasser make to the national independence movement in Egypt and the world? (Tip: Combine text and "Free Reading Cards")

A.Lead Egypt to gain true independence

B. Recover sovereignty over the Suez Canal

C. Together with Nehru of India and Tito of Yugoslavia, he initiated and established the Non-Aligned Movement of the Third World.

basic knowledge

1. After World War II, the leader who led the Indian National Uprising was ( )

A. Kadar B. Nehru C. Nasser D. Arafat

2. After World War II, the British implemented the partition of India and Pakistan, and India gained independence. The "Pak" in it refers to ( )

A.Palestine B.Panama C.Pakistan D.Brazil

3. From World War II to the end of the last century, Africa has undergone earth-shaking changes, mainly reflected in ( )

① Set off a wave of national independence movements ② The gradual disintegration of the colonial system

③ Rapid economic development ④ Revival of ancient civilization

Ａ. ①② Ｂ.①③ Ｃ.③④ Ｄ.②④

4.The nature of the Egyptian armed uprising led by Nasser in 1952 was ( )

A. Anti-imperialist and anti-feudal national independence movement B. Social unrest

C. Opposition to British colonial rule D. Counter-revolutionary riots

5. The event that marked the end of the five-century history of European colonists’ invasion and enslavement of Africa and the final collapse of the imperialist colonial system was ( )

A.Egyptian independence B.Algerian independent

C. Ethiopian independence D. Namibia independent

Capability development

6. “Today we end an era of doom as India finds itself again.”

Please answer based on the above materials:

(1) Who did this sentence come from? Why is it said “the era of doom is over”?

(2) What is the root cause of today’s conflict between India and Pakistan?

(3) What impact does this incident have on India?

(1) Indian Prime Minister Nehru; Britain recognized India's independence in 1947, ending 277 years of aggression against India and nearly 200 years of direct rule.

(2) The British implementation of the "Partition of India and Pakistan" left many serious problems, such as: religious contradictions and conflicts, the ownership of Kashmir, etc.

(3) India ended colonial rule and embarked on the path of independent development.

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Update Time: 2024-09-09

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