"The Rise of Mongolia and the Establishment of the Yuan Dynasty" The rule of the Yuan Dynasty and the development of ethnic relations PPT courseware 2

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"The Rise of Mongolia and the Establishment of the Yuan Dynasty" The rule of the Yuan Dynasty and the development of ethnic relations PPT courseware 2

Genghis Khan and the Rise of Mongolia

The Mongols are an ancient nomadic people in northern my country. In the 12th century, there were many Mongolian tribes walking on the northern grasslands. They fought constantly for pasture, water sources, population and livestock.

In the early 13th century, Temujin unified all Mongolian tribes

In 1206, Temujin convened a gathering of nobles from various Mongolian tribes at the source of the Onan River. He was elected as the Great Khan by various tribes, respectfully named Genghis Khan, and established the Mongolian Khanate.

Genghis Khan's rule

1. Promulgate laws and initially establish military and political systems

2. Organize the herdsmen of all grassland departments and assign them to separate officers for management. They are engaged in production on weekdays and can go out at any time during wartime.

3. Create Mongolian characters and spread them throughout the country

The successive demise of Xixia, Jin and Southern Song Dynasty

After Genghis Khan unified Mongolia, he launched a large-scale expansion war

First they attacked Xixia. Starting from 1205, the Mongolian army launched six attacks on Xixia. In 1227, Xixia was destroyed.

On the eve of the fall of Xixia, Genghis Khan died of illness in the army

After the fall of Xixia, Genghis Khan's successors followed Genghis Khan's strategy of destroying the Jin Dynasty before his death, united with the Southern Song Dynasty to attack the Jin Dynasty, and destroyed the Jin Dynasty in 1234.

After the Mongols destroyed the Jin Dynasty, they immediately began to attack the Southern Song Dynasty and captured Lin'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty in 1276. The Southern Song Dynasty was destroyed.

Mongolia's Western Expedition

In addition to the wars against Xixia, Jin, and Southern Song Dynasty, Genghis Khan and his descendants also conducted large-scale Western expeditions

Through three western expeditions, the Mongolian army occupied a vast area from today's Central Asia to eastern Europe.

Impact: The Western Expeditions brought suffering to the people of all countries, but objectively promoted the exchange of Chinese and Western cultures, promoted the integration of nationalities in various places, and had a significant impact on the course of world history.

The establishment of the Yuan Dynasty

In 1260, Genghis Khan's grandson Kublai Khan succeeded the Mongol Khan and ruled in imitation of Han law.

In 1271, he changed the name of his country to Dayuan, established the Yuan Dynasty, and made Dadu the capital the following year. Kublai Khan was the founder of the Yuan Dynasty.

In 1279, the Yuan Dynasty defeated the remnants of the Southern Song Dynasty, completed the unification of the country, and ended the long-term separation of political power in China.

Kublai Khan's rule

Kublai Khan was enthusiastic about the Confucian culture of the Central Plains and made great use of Han advisers.

Implement the strategy of "governing the country and bringing peace to the people", rectifying officialdom, reforming the military system, and focusing on agriculture

According to the ruling methods of the Central Plains dynasty, various institutions were set up and a centralized system was established

provincial system

Purpose: In order to strengthen its rule over vast areas, the Yuan Dynasty government established a provincial system

content:

Set up Zhongshu Province in the central government as the highest administrative agency in the country and directly govern Dadu and its surrounding areas.

10 Xingzhongshu provinces were set up in local areas, and officials appointed by the central government were in charge of military and political power in the provinces.

Penghu Inspection Department

The Yuan Dynasty established the Penghu Inspection Department, which was responsible for administering Penghu and Ryukyu. This was the first time in history that the central dynasty formally established an administrative agency in Taiwan.

After-school exercises

1. (2016·Neijiang, Sichuan) Mao Zedong said in "Spring Snow in Qinyuan": "The ancestor of the Tang Dynasty, Song Zu, was a little less charming. Genghis Khan, the genius of the generation, only knew how to bend a bow and shoot big eagles." Among them, "Song Zu" and "Song Zu" The geniuses of a generation are ( )

A. Zhao Kuangyin and Temujin B. Zhao Kuangyin and Kublai Khan

C. Zhao Gou and Temujin D. Zhao Gou and Kublai Khan

2. The following regimes were destroyed by the Mongols ( )

①Liao ②Xixia ③Southern Song ④Northern Song ⑤Jin

A. ①②③⑤ B. ②③⑤

C. ①③⑤ D. ②③④⑤

3. In the history of our country, the Mongolian people once established a Yuan Dynasty with an unprecedentedly vast territory. Its founder was ( )

A. Temujin B. Kublai Khan

C.Yuanhao D.Wanyan Aguda

4. (2016·Baotou, Inner Mongolia) The provincial system implemented in the Yuan Dynasty artificially created a situation where the north dominates the south, thus depriving provincial officials of the geographical conditions for segregation and dominance. This move ( )

A. Helps strengthen centralization B. Promotes border economic development

C. Changed the economic pattern between the north and the south D. Inhibited the trend of ethnic integration

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"The Rise of Mongolia and the Establishment of the Yuan Dynasty" PPT courseware on the rule of the Yuan Dynasty and the development of ethnic relations:

"The Rise of Mongolia and the Establishment of the Yuan Dynasty" The rule of the Yuan Dynasty and the development of ethnic relations PPT courseware learning objectives 1. Understand the rise of Mongolia; Genghis Khan unified Mongolia; 2. Understand the establishment of the Mongolian regime by Genghis Khan; 3. The establishment of the Yuan Dynasty and Wen Tianxiang's anti-Yuan struggle . Explore..

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Update Time: 2024-09-06

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