"The Reform and Evolution of Socialist Countries in Eastern Europe" The Reform and Evolution of Socialist Countries PPT Courseware 2

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"The Reform and Evolution of Socialist Countries in Eastern Europe" The Reform and Evolution of Socialist Countries PPT Courseware 2

Hungarian reforms

1 Background Most of the socialist countries in Eastern Europe carried out economic construction according to the Stalin model and took many detours. The "Hungarian Incident" broke out in the country

2 Measures ① Politically: improve the party’s leadership, promote socialist democracy, improve the legal system, and stabilize the political situation;

② Economically: adjust the proportion of the national economy, reduce the accumulation rate, slow down the development of heavy industry, and give priority to the development of agriculture and light industry; in agriculture, abolish the compulsory sale system of agricultural products, increase purchase prices, cancel mandatory plans, and use economic Adjustment by means; reform of management system in industry.

3 Impact: The reform gradually stabilized Hungary's political and economic situation, and it became an "enviable window to Eastern Europe" for a while.

However, the reform encountered setbacks from the mid-1970s. As reforms stalled and the economic situation worsened, domestic political instability grew.

2. Drastic changes in Eastern Europe (1989)

(1) Time: Starting from the second half of 1989

(2) Essence: Parties in various countries that have been in power for more than 40 years have lost power one after another. Due to changes in the ruling parties in various countries, social systems have also changed. (Ruling Party-Social System)

(3) Reason:

①Historical reasons: It has been controlled by the Soviet Union for a long time and copied the Soviet model. ② Internal reasons: Economic reforms did not break through the old model and framework, leading to serious economic and political crises. ③External reasons: A. Under the influence of Gorbachev's "new thinking", the Soviet Union relaxed its control over Eastern European countries B. Western countries pursue a "peaceful evolution" strategy.

(4) The way Eastern Europe experienced drastic changes

After the drastic changes in Eastern Europe, Yugoslavia was divided into five parts, Czechoslovakia was divided into two parts, and the Democratic Republic of Germany and the Federal Republic of Germany merged to achieve reunification. (territory)

What enlightenments do the drastic changes in Eastern Europe have on our country?

① Adhere to the path of building socialism with Chinese characteristics and adhere to independent domestic and foreign policies;

② Vigorously develop productivity, improve people's living standards, and demonstrate the superiority of socialism;

③Establish and improve socialist democracy and legal system, and implement the rule of law;

④ Strengthen the building of the ruling party and maintain the party’s leadership position; etc.

Fill it out

⒈ After the world war, some European and Asian countries successively embarked on the path of ________.

⒉Most of the socialist countries in Eastern Europe have taken many detours in accordance with ________. In order to promote economic development, they have successively carried out reforms, among which the reforms of 1999 and 2016 are the most prominent.

⒊In October ________, after the Hungarian incident, the Hungarian ________ government summarized the ________ and carried out partial reforms and adjustments to the ________ system.

⒋The main measures for Hungary’s reform include: politically, improving _________, promoting___________, improving___________, and stabilizing___________. Economically, priority was given to the development of _____ and _______; __________ policies were adjusted; and __________ reforms were also carried out in industry.

In ___________, the _____________ reforms that tried to get rid of Soviet control were suppressed by the Soviet Union.

⒍ In the _________ years of the __________ century, the economies of Eastern European countries were deteriorating, and the ________ economic management system could no longer adapt to the requirements of economic development. Increasing economic difficulties have led to severe _________, and at the same time, __________ (country) has loosened its control.

⒎Starting from the second half of ___________, the situation in Eastern European countries suddenly changed. Within a year, all parties that were in power for ___________ years lost power one after another. Due to the change of the ruling party, __________ also changed.

⒏After the drastic changes in Eastern Europe, _________ was divided into five parts, __________ was divided into two parts, and _________ and _________ were merged to achieve unification.

choose

1. Which of the following descriptions of Hungarian reforms is incorrect ( )

A. Before the reform, they copied the Soviet model and were subject to the Soviet Union

B． Reforms occurred before the "Hungarian Affair"

C. Reforms have improved democracy and the legal system, and stabilized the political situation

D. The reform adjusted the proportion of agriculture, light and heavy in the national economy and promoted economic development.

2. The reasons for the drastic changes in Eastern Europe do not include ( )

A. Copy the Soviet model and be subject to the Soviet Union

B． Democracy and the legal system are not perfect, reforms have achieved little results, and the people are dissatisfied

C. Gorbachev's executive intervention

D. The influence of Western “peaceful evolution”

3. The drastic changes in Eastern European countries mainly refer to ( )

A. Changes in the ruling party B. Changes in the name of the country

C. The social system has undergone fundamental changes D. Countries have given up the banner of socialism

4. From the 1980s to the early 1990s, drastic changes occurred in the socialist countries of Eastern Europe, which shows that: ( )

①The international socialist movement suffered a defeat around the world

②The development path of a socialist country cannot be smooth sailing

③Lack of experience in socialist construction in Eastern Europe

④Socialist countries should follow a path that suits their own reality.

A. ①③④ B. ①②④ C． ①②③ D. ②③④

Keywords: teaching courseware on the reform and evolution of socialist countries, teaching courseware on the reform and evolution of socialist countries in Eastern Europe, PPT courseware for the second volume of the ninth grade history of the New People's Education Press, download of the history slide courseware for the ninth grade, the reform of the socialist country Download the PPT courseware on reform and evolution, download the PPT courseware on the reform and evolution of the socialist countries in Eastern Europe, in .ppt format

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Update Time: 2024-09-08

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