"The Red Army's Long March and Zunyi Conference" opens up a new development path PPT courseware

"The Red Army's Long March and Zunyi Conference" opens up a new development path PPT courseware

Part One: Counter “Encirclement and Suppression”

The failure of the fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression"

In the autumn of 1933, Chiang Kai-shek mobilized 1 million troops to launch an unprecedented fifth "encirclement and suppression" campaign against various revolutionary base areas, focusing on the central revolutionary base area with 500,000 troops. Bogu and Li De, a German sent by the Comintern, arrived at the central base area and took over the command of the Red Army. They initially advocated an all-out attack to defend the enemy outside the revolutionary base area and replace mobile warfare and guerrilla warfare with positional warfare to defeat the superior enemy. They fought hard and made the mistake of adventurism; after the attack suffered setbacks, they dispersed their forces, set up defenses everywhere, and resisted at every step, making the mistake of conservatism, which made the Red Army passive everywhere, beaten everywhere, and suffered heavy losses. The Red Army fought hard for a year but failed to repel the enemy's "encirclement and suppression" campaign and were in a dangerous situation.

It can be seen that the key to the victory or defeat of a war does not lie in the balance of power, but in the correct strategy and tactics.

The Red Army’s Long March and the Zunyi Conference PPT, Part 2: The Red Army’s Long March

Reasons for the Red Army’s Long March: The failure of the fifth counter-encirclement and suppression campaign (direct cause)

The process of the Long March

(1) The Long March began: In October 1934, more than 80,000 members of the Central Red Army left the Central Revolutionary Base and embarked on a long journey to the west to break out. But the goal is unclear.

(2) Breaking through the Xiangjiang River

The biggest defeat of the Central Red Army during the Long March was the Battle of Xiangjiang River. From November 25 to December 1, 1934, under the erroneous command of Bo Gu and Li De, the Central Red Army fought bloody battles with the Kuomintang troops in the Xiangjiang River area, resulting in huge losses. The number of the Red Army dropped sharply from more than 86,000 at the beginning of the Long March to more than 30,000. people.

(3) Forced crossing of Wujiang River

The mountains on both sides of the Wujiang River are secluded and cut, and the river is turbulent. It is called the Wujiang Canyon. There is a saying that "it is difficult to cross the Wujiang River when traveling across the world"

Chiang Kai-shek mobilized heavy troops and deployed a new line of defense on the Red Army's road to western Hunan. If the Red Army continues to advance westward, it will be like feeding from the tiger's mouth.

At this critical juncture, Mao Zedong proposed abandoning western Hunan and taking Guizhou, which was agreed by most people. The Red Army forcibly crossed the Wujiang River and occupied Zunyi City.

(4) Battle of Zunyi

The greatest victory achieved by the Central Red Army during the Long March was the Battle of Zunyi. From February 26 to 28, 1935, the Central Red Army defeated and annihilated two enemy divisions and eight regiments in the Zunyi area of ​​Guizhou Province. It was also the largest city captured by the Red Army during the Long March.

Red Army Long March and Zunyi Conference PPT, Part 3: Zunyi Conference

What was the time, place, content and historical significance of the Zunyi Conference?

1) Time and place: January 1935; Zunyi

2) Content:

1. Criticized the military mistakes of Bogu and Li De

2. Affirmed Mao Zedong’s correct military propositions

3. Elect Mao Zedong as member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee

3) Meaning:

1. Ended the "Left" erroneous thinking that had dominated the Party Central Committee for four years

2. Established Mao Zedong’s leadership position in the party and the Red Army

3. It is a life-and-death turning point in the history of the Chinese Communist Party

Red Army Long March and Zunyi Conference PPT, Part 4: The Significance of the Long March Victory

It shattered the attempts of the Kuomintang reactionaries to eliminate the Red Army, preserved the backbone of the Party and the Red Army, and turned the Chinese revolution out of danger.

Long March spirit

The spirit of revolutionary optimism that dares to endure hardship, is not afraid of difficulties, is proactive, and works hard; the spirit of revolutionary heroism that has the courage to fight and is invincible; the spirit of collectivism that takes the overall situation into consideration, teamwork, and selfless dedication; the spirit of firm belief and pursuit of lofty ideals.

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