"The Process and Characteristics of Urbanization in Different Regions" PPT download of rural and urban areas

"The Process and Characteristics of Urbanization in Different Regions" PPT download of rural and urban areas

Part One: Curriculum Standards

Use information to explain the process and characteristics of urbanization in different regions, as well as the pros and cons of urbanization.

academic quality standards

Level 1: Based on the data, point out the main signs of urbanization, point out the relationship between urbanization, industrialization and regional development, and the significance of urbanization.

Level 2: Use geographical data to explain the impact of urbanization on the geographical environment, analyze problems that arise in the process of urbanization, and propose solutions to urbanization problems.

Level 3: Combined with data, describe the characteristics of world urbanization and compare the differences in urbanization between developed and developing countries.

Level 4: Use geographical data to analyze problems that should be avoided in my country's urbanization and make reasonable plans for my country's urbanization.

core competencies

Concept of coordination between man and land: problems arising in the process of urbanization and their constraints on urban development. Comprehensive thinking: Combined with data, analyze the characteristics and causes of the world's urbanization process, analyze problems arising from regional urbanization and their solutions.

Regional cognition: Combined with data, compare the similarities and differences of urbanization processes in different regions.

Geographic practice: Investigate the characteristics and stages of local urbanization, and analyze problems arising in the urbanization process.

PPT on the process and characteristics of urbanization in different regions, part 2: preview preparation area

Prepare carefully and lay a solid foundation

1. The concept of urbanization

1. Concept: Urbanization is the process in which agricultural population is transformed into __________ population, rural areas are transformed into _________ areas, and agricultural activities are transformed into ____________ activities.

2. Performance

(1) The process of population concentration.

(2) The transformation process from rural to urban areas.

(3) The changing process of economic structure.

3． General laws of the world’s urbanization process

Initial stage → Intermediate stage → Mature stage

2. Characteristics of urbanization in different regions of the world

1. Characteristics of urbanization in developed and developing countries

2. Characteristics of urbanization in some countries and regions

3. Pros and cons of urbanization

1. beneficial impact

(1) Create employment opportunities and promote industrial adjustment. Absorb a large number of _______________; promote the transfer of labor from the primary industry to the _______________ industry and drive regional economic development.

(2) Social progress and spread of civilization. Urban culture has spread and penetrated widely into rural areas, affecting rural production and lifestyle, and the urban-rural development gap has ________.

(3) Scientific and technological progress and production development. Modern towns are major science and technology bases and information exchange centers.

(4) Urban-rural interaction and comprehensive development.

2. stage problems

(1) Environmental issues. Mainly manifested as air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution and solid waste pollution.

(2) Population problem. The urban population has increased significantly, the pressure on _______ has increased, and the number of unemployed people has increased, causing some low-income people to fall into poverty.

(3) Housing problem. The urban area is ______, and excessive population has caused housing shortages, resulting in slums and shantytowns.

(4) Traffic problems. After the number of vehicles increases, traffic ________, parking difficulties, etc. ,

The process and characteristics of urbanization in different regions PPT, the third part: mission exploration area

Thinking exploration and practical application

Task Exploration: The Concept and Process of Urbanization

The figure below shows the changes in the proportion of urban population in some countries or regions in the world (including predictions) published by the British "Economist" magazine.

Based on this, the following questions are explored:

(1) Explain the differences in urbanization characteristics between India and the United States during the period shown in the figure.

(2) Brazil’s urbanization process is obviously uncoordinated with its economic development, pointing out the problems this may bring to the country.

(3) Try to analyze the differences and reasons for the urbanization speed between developed and developing countries in the past half century.

[Result Display] (1) The level of urbanization in the United States is high, but the level of urbanization in India is low; from 1950 to 2000, there was not much difference in the urbanization speed between the United States and India; after 2000, the urbanization speed in India accelerated significantly .

(2) Traffic congestion; poor living conditions; difficulty in finding employment; and serious environmental pollution.

(3) Developing countries are urbanizing faster than developed countries. Reason: In developed countries, due to the high level of urbanization, some large cities have begun to experience counter-urbanization; in developing countries, as they have gained national independence, their economies have developed rapidly and urbanization has accelerated.

scientific thinking

Characteristics and causes of rural internal spatial structure

Question (1): The Lingnan region has a tropical or subtropical monsoon climate, with high temperatures and rainy summers and mild and dry winters. Therefore, the main benefits of "comb layout" in villages are ventilation, drainage, and moisture-proofing. Question (2): The Lingnan area has many low mountains and hills, many lakes and ponds, a large and dense population, and less land resources. In order to make full use of limited land resources, its residential construction mostly narrows the gap between the front and rear buildings. Question (3): Villages in Lingnan area adopt a "comb layout". The gap between the front and back of the house is small, which poses the greatest fire hazard. The water area as the center is conducive to fire prevention.

Task Exploration Pros and Cons of Urbanization

On February 25, 2019, the "China Urbanization Quality Assessment Report" seminar was held at the China Urban Planning and Design Institute. Experts and scholars from urban planning and construction, natural resources, population, environment and other fields gathered together to actively contribute to Chinese cities. Provide suggestions and suggestions for improving the quality of urbanization. The "Assessment Report" selected five first-level indicators of urbanization of the agricultural transfer population, economic development, ecological environment, urban safety and public services, as well as the urbanization rate of the permanent population, per capita disposable income of urban residents, average annual concentration of PM2.5, There are 22 secondary indicators including the lifeline project integrity rate and the number of elderly care beds per 10,000 people.

Based on this, the following questions are explored:

(1) What major urbanization issues does the Assessment Report focus on?

(2) What are the main environmental problems faced by my country in the process of urbanization?

(3) What are the main ways to solve urban environmental problems?

[Achievements Display] (1) Medical issues, housing issues, environmental issues, etc.

(2) Urban environmental problems are mainly environmental pollution, including air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, solid waste pollution, etc.

(3) Control the scale of the city; carry out reasonable planning; strengthen urban management, etc.

PPT on the process and characteristics of urbanization in different regions, part 4: Comprehensive activity areas

Doubt-clearing textbooks to expand horizons

Clever tips on chart issues

[Explore on page 47 of the textbook]

Instructions: Determine this phenomenon from the changes in the graphic landscape; then combine the text materials and learned knowledge to sort out the reasons for this change in Shenzhen.

Answer: Urbanization. Shenzhen's rapid urbanization is affected by policies, industry introduction and development, population migration and other factors.

[Thinking on page 48 of the textbook]

The development of urbanization is the result of population concentration, transformation of industrial functional areas and changes in economic structure. Population concentration requires more positions and employment opportunities, that is, the local area can have secondary and tertiary industries that have a large demand for labor. Only in this way can it be The labor force and population living dispersedly in rural areas must be concentrated. Otherwise, the spatial and geographical concentration of the population cannot be achieved. Therefore, the factor that promotes urbanization is the establishment and agglomeration of the secondary and tertiary industries.

Answer: The establishment and agglomeration of the secondary and tertiary industries.

[Thinking on page 49 of the textbook]

Tip: Based on the table data and in chronological order, sort out the urbanization development process of a certain type of area and compare it with another type to get the differences in urbanization between the two types of countries.

Answer: The urbanization process in developed countries started early, and the current level is high and the speed is slowing down; the urbanization process in developing countries started late, and the current level is low and the speed is fast.

[Activities on page 51 of the textbook]

Tip 1. According to the chronological order in the coordinate chart, find the urbanization curve of a certain type of country or China. The coordinate axis corresponding to the urbanization level on the left can be used to see the development process of its urbanization; then compare it with another type, that is Differences can be drawn.

2. Summarize the common characteristics of development.

Answer 1. Urbanization in developed countries started early, and the current level of urbanization is high and the speed is slowing down; in developing countries, urbanization started late, and the current level is low and speed is fast; China's urbanization developed rapidly from the 1970s to the end of the 20th century, and before The level is lower than the average level of urbanization in developing countries, and then exceeds the average urbanization level of developing countries.

2. Urbanization goes through a process of initial start, rapid development in the mid-term, and slowing down and steady change in the mature stage.

PPT on the process and characteristics of urbanization in different regions, Part 5: After-school testing area

Lay a solid foundation and practice speed to improve energy

1. Multiple choice questions (a total of 12 questions, each question is worth 4 points, a total of 48 points. Only one option for each question meets the question requirements)

The following table is a statistical table of urban development in a certain region of my country. Read the meter and answer questions 1 to 2.

1. Among the phenomena shown in the data in the table, which cannot be used as a sign of urbanization development ()

A. A B. B C. C D. Man

2. In recent years, the level of urbanization in this area has increased rapidly, and the impact may be ()

① Promote urban economic development ② Decrease in income of rural residents ③ Accelerate rural population migration ④ Promote economic structural adjustment

A. ①②③ B． ①②④ C． ①③④ D． ②③④

3. In 2015, my country ()

A. Urbanization has just started B. Rapid urbanization development

C． Urbanization begins to decline D. Presenting rapid counter-urbanization

4. Compared with developed countries, China ()

A. Urbanization started late B. Good urban environmental quality

C． The speed of urbanization is slow D. High level of urbanization

5. From 2000 to 2015, regarding the impact of urbanization in the four countries in the figure, the correct statement is ()

A. The proportion of primary and secondary industries in the UK increased

B. Environmental quality in U.S. cities and towns continues to deteriorate

C． China's urban land prices generally rise

D． Germany's primary industry becomes the leading industry

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