"The Powerful Western Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country - Qin and Han PPT courseware 2

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"The Powerful Western Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country - Qin and Han PPT courseware 2

think about it

1. After the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, what kind of economic situation did it face?

"The people lost their jobs, and there was a great famine. People ate each other, and more than half of them died. Since the emperor cannot have a fine horse, the generals or prime ministers ride in ox-carts." - "Han Shu"

2. What caused such a desolate scene in the early Han Dynasty?

Qin's tyranny and the long-term war at the end of Qin.

3. If you were a ruler, what measures would you take when faced with such a situation?

The rule of Wenjing

The policy of rest and recuperation in the early Han Dynasty

background

The economy is depressed and the country is impoverished.

Han Gaozu Liu Bang

①The rulers learned ______ lessons.

② Reduce farmers’ corvee, military service and taxes, and focus on developing ______ production.

The rule of Wenjing

①Reward for mulberry farming

②Promote ____________ and lead by example.

③ Pay attention to “____________”.

Meaning (function): The society is stable, the people are wealthy, the treasury is abundant, and the economy is prosperous in the later period of Emperor Jingdi. Historically, the rule of this period was called the "Government of Wenjing".

The Periods of Emperor Wen and Emperor Jing: Political Troubles

Internal worries: The vassal states are becoming increasingly powerful, and the imperial power is threatened

Foreign invasion: The Xiongnu took advantage of the war in the Central Plains at the end of the Qin Dynasty to reoccupy the Hetao Plain and often harassed the northern border areas of the Western Han Dynasty.

Reforms of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty Liu Che was born in the first year before Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty (156 BC).

He ascended the throne at the age of sixteen. In 87 BC, Liu Che died in Wuzha Palace at the age of 70. His posthumous title was Emperor Xiaowu, his temple name was Shizong, and he was buried in Maoling.

1. Political reform—strengthening centralization of power

1. Weaken the power of the prime minister and strengthen the imperial power; weaken the royal power of the princes and strengthen the centralization of power.

Establishing an internal dynasty weakened the power of the prime minister; promulgated the "Extension of Grace Order" to weaken the power of princes and kings

2. Strengthen the supervisory power of the central government

Set up local governors to supervise officials and powerful people

3. Strengthen central economic power

The five-baht coin is minted by the central government and is used throughout the country.

1. Weaken the power of the prime minister

The inner dynasty was composed of the emperor's attendants and served as the decision-making body.

Use the original Sangong and Jiuqing as the external dynasty as the executive agency

How did Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty solve the kingdom's problems?

The "Tianfa Order" was promulgated (stipulating that after the death of the princes and kings, in addition to being succeeded by the eldest son, part of the kingdom's land must also be divided and given to other children as marquises.)

Effect: The princes are no longer able to fight against the center

How has this fiefdom changed from before?

2. Strengthen the supervisory power of the central government

Divide the country into 13 states, with one governor in each state

Specially responsible for supervising the illegal activities of the county governors, lieutenants and ministers of the state, as well as powerful landowners.

3. Strengthen the financial power of the central government and turn salt and iron into state-owned enterprises

Abolish the old currency and adopt the five-baht currency

Guaranteed the normal development of the country's economy and increased fiscal revenue

2. Cultural reform—exclusively respecting Confucianism

Information: In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, various factions of various schools of thought were still very active. Many guests gathered under the kings' families, often criticizing the emperor's policies and blaming the central government, which was very detrimental to the centralization of power.

What does this material illustrate?

Disunity of ideas is not conducive to centralization of power

Use your brain:

1. Why did Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty “depose hundreds of schools of thought and only respect Confucianism”?

Achieve political and ideological unification

2. What did Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty do in education in order to achieve unification?

Establish Taixue, use the Five Classics as state-mandated textbooks, and establish a doctorate in the Five Classics

3. What is the role of deposing all schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone?

Achieved political unification

Confucianism became the orthodox thought of China's feudal dynasty

Conducive to improving the cultural quality of officials

3. Ethnic Relations - Managing Borders

Read the textbook and think: What measures did Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty take in ethnic relations to consolidate and unify the country?

There is this description in the TV series "Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty": In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, he suffered humiliation in his interactions with the Xiongnu. At that time, in order to win over the Xiongnu regime, the emperor of the Western Han Dynasty had no choice but to marry the Western Han Dynasty royal women to the leader of the Xiongnu and implement the "marriage" policy to slow down the pace of the Xiongnu cavalry going south to plunder.

Why did the Xiongnu be treated like this in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty?

A brief summary of the frontier experience:

measure:

Attacking the Huns from the North (Wei Qing, Huo Qubing)

Effect: The Huns were no longer able to fight against the Han Dynasty

Send Zhang Qian as envoy to the Western Regions

Effect: Opened up the Silk Road

Counties in the south and southwest

Effect: Promotes economic and cultural exchanges between ethnic groups

Consolidation exercises

1. Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty and his successors, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty and Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty, learned from the lessons of the Qin Dynasty’s fall and reduced the peasants’ corvee, military service and tax burdens. Their fundamental purpose was to

A. Develop agricultural production B. Show it to farmers

C.Consolidate one's own rule D.Improve the living conditions of farmers

2. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty’s “depose of hundreds of schools” refers to ( )

A. Hundreds of schools of thought B. Hundreds of schools of thought except Confucianism

C. Legalism and Mohism D. Taoism and military strategism

3. Travel through the time tunnel and come to Taixue, the highest institution of learning during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. You will study here

A. The principles of astronomy and arithmetic B. The legalist way of governing the country

C. "The Art of War" by Sun Tzu D. Confucian classics

4. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty promulgated the "Tweening Order" for the purpose of

① Maintain the authority of the emperor ② Grant gifts to relatives ③ Consolidate unity ④ Strengthen centralization of power

A.①③ B.①② C.①②③ D.①③④

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"The Powerful Western Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country - Qin and Han PPT courseware:

"The Powerful Western Han Dynasty" The establishment of a unified country Qin and Han PPT courseware 1. The rule of Wenjing 1. Background: The emperor of the Han Dynasty ruled by doing nothing and cultivated himself 2. Measures: Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty and Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty were light in corvee and weak in Fu 3. Formation: Wen, During the prosperity period, society was relatively stable and the economy developed rapidly. history..

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Update Time: 2024-09-08

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