"The Opium War" PPT courseware

"The Opium War" PPT courseware

Part One: Learning Objectives

1. Overall requirements

1. Recognize the serious harm caused to China by the British smuggling of opium into China;

2. Understand Lin Zexu’s feat of destroying opium in Humen, and cultivate your own dialectical thinking ability from phenomenon to essence, from the outside to the inside through the historical facts of the British launching a war of aggression under the pretext of destroying opium in Humen;

3. The main contents of the Sino-British Treaty of Nanjing and its impact on modern Chinese society. Exercise your historical thinking ability through the analysis and summary of the main contents of the Sino-British Treaty of Nanjing.

2. Key points: Lin Zexu’s smoking ban and the Treaty of Nanjing

3. Difficulties: The Opium War reduced China to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.

Opium War PPT, Part 2: Independent Learning

Please preview the textbook on pages P2-P7 and answer the following preview questions:

1. What serious harm has opium smuggling brought to China?

2. What is the significance of the ban on opium in Humen?

3. What was the time and content of the Treaty of Nanjing?

Situation import

In Beijing's Tiananmen Square stands a majestic Monument to the People's Heroes, with eight white marble historical reliefs inlaid around its base. The first of these pictures shows the spectacular scene of Lin Zexu’s leadership in the Humen annihilation of opium. Today, let us review that period of history that has made the Chinese nation feel humiliated.

Opium War PPT, Part 3: New Lesson Explanation

1. Opium smuggling

think

(1) What was China’s social background before the Opium War?

China implemented a policy of isolation and a self-sufficient feudal economy. Under the rule of the Qing Dynasty, crises were everywhere.

(2) What was the situation in Britain in the first half of the 19th century? What are the main situations of both sides in China-UK import and export trade?

In the first half of the 19th century, Britain was the most powerful capitalist country in the world and continued to expand colonialism and plunder colonies. In order to open up foreign markets, promote industrial products, and plunder cheap raw materials, Britain directed its aggression against China. In the Sino-British import and export trade, Britain exported woolen goods and cloth to China, but it was difficult to sell them. On the contrary, it had to buy large quantities of tea, raw silk, and porcelain from China. In the trade between China and Britain, a lot of silver flowed into China, and China was in a leading position. In order to open up foreign markets, promote industrial products, plunder cheap raw materials, and make huge profits, the British began to smuggle opium into China.

(3) What serious harm has opium smuggling brought to China?

The proliferation of opium has brought serious disasters to the Chinese nation. The massive outflow of silver directly threatened the finances of the Qing government; many officials and soldiers smoked opium, which not only severely damaged their physiques, but also led to political corruption and the weakening of the military's combat effectiveness. These have attracted the attention of some insightful people in the ruling class.

2. Lin Zexu sold out cigarettes in Humen

Lin Zexu was a Houguan native of Fujian. Be upright and honest as an official. During his tenure as the inspector of Jiangsu Province, he was known as "Lin Qingtian" by the people for his ability to redress unjust imprisonment and suppress the powerful. During his tenure as governor of Huguang, he arrested cigarette dealers in Hankou, Changsha and other places, confiscated cigarettes and guns, set up anti-smoking bureaus, prepared smoking cessation pills, and ordered smokers to quit smoking within a time limit, which achieved remarkable results.

Lin Zexu pointed out in his memorial to Emperor Daoguang:

(Opium) spreads poison to the world, and the harm will be great, and the law should be strict. If we still take this seriously, it will mean that in a few decades, the Central Plains will have few soldiers who can defend the enemy, and there will be no silver to pay for it.

What is the historical significance of Lin Zexu’s ban on opium in Humen?

The elimination of opium in Humen is a great victory for the Chinese people in their anti-smoking struggle. It shows the strong will of the Chinese nation to resist foreign aggression. We must learn from Lin Zexu’s patriotic spirit of daring to fight.

Research and discussion

What are we going to do in terms of "rejecting drugs and developing a civilized lifestyle"?

Drug smuggling is prohibited; cherish life, do not take drugs, and stay away from drugs.

Some people say that the Opium War was caused by Lin Zexu's excessive behavior. Without Lin Zexu's Humen campaign to eliminate opium, Britain would not have launched the war. Do you agree with this view? Why?

The fundamental reason: The British wanted to open up the Chinese market, sell goods, and plunder raw materials.

The direct cause: Lin Zexu’s anti-smoking campaign. (Commodity - Opium - War)

Britain launches Opium War

The signing of the Treaty of Nanjing

In August 1842, the Qing government was defeated and sued for peace, and was forced to sign the Treaty of Nanjing with Britain, the first unequal treaty in modern Chinese history that was humiliating and humiliating, and the Opium War ended.

What was the reason for the failure of the Qing government?

1. The corruption of the Qing government, internal hostility to the people, and external compromise and surrender;

2. Britain is the number one capitalist power with strong strength and advanced weapons;

3. The fundamental reason is that decadent feudalism cannot resist emerging capitalism.

Combined with the contents of the Treaty of Nanjing, analyze what changes have taken place in Chinese society before and after the Opium War?

(1) Changes in the nature of society: The Opium War continuously undermined China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. China began to transform from an independent feudal country into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country. This was the beginning of China’s modern history.

(2) Changes in the main contradictions in society: the contradiction between foreign capitalism and the Chinese nation; the contradiction between feudalism and the masses of the people.

(3) Changes in revolutionary tasks: fight against aggression and feudalism.

The impact of the Opium War

The Opium War changed the course of China's historical development. China no longer enjoys complete and independent sovereignty. The natural economy of Chinese society has been destroyed, and it has begun to transform from a feudal society into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The Opium War became the beginning of China's modern history.

Opium War PPT, Part 4: Typical Examples

"The Opium War brought serious disasters to China, causing China to gradually decline from a feudal society to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society." The main basis for drawing this conclusion is ( )

A. The Treaty of Nanjing undermined China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity

B. The "Treaty of Aihun" ceded a large area of ​​China's territory

C. The Treaty of Shimonoseki undermined China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity

D. The Treaty of Xinchou seriously damaged China’s sovereignty

Consolidate training

1. Lin Zexu acted vigorously and resolutely. What anti-smoking measures did he take after arriving in Guangzhou ( )

① Write to Emperor Daoguang ② Arrest cigarette dealers ③ Order foreign businessmen to hand over opium ④ Destroy cigarettes in Humen

A. ①②③④　B． ①②③C. ②③④　D. ①③④

2. The fundamental reason why Britain launched the Opium War is ( )

A. Oppose China’s smoking ban B. Develop trade with China

C. Establish diplomatic relations with China D. Open up commodity markets and plunder raw materials

3. In 1843, the British forced the Qing government to sign the "Treaty of Humen". Which of the following provisions does not come from the "Treaty of Humen" ( )

A. Obtain consular jurisdiction B. One-sided most-favored-nation treatment

C. Rent land and build houses in the treaty port. D. cede Hong Kong Island to Britain.

4. Mao Haijian wrote in "The Collapse of the Celestial Dynasty": "The Opium War... was a turning point in Chinese history and put forward the historical mission that China must modernize. If China's modernization is not completed, the significance of the Opium War will be lost. will decrease." The main reason why the Opium War was a turning point in Chinese history is ( )

A. The nature of China's society has begun to change

B． China was invaded by Western countries for the first time

C. China was forced to integrate into the capitalist world system

D． It sets a precedent for plundering China in the form of treaties

Opium War PPT, Part 5: Homework

Task 1: Complete the "Opium War Homework"

Task 2: Preview the next lesson and solve the following problems:

1. What triggered the outbreak of the Second Opium War?

2. Contents of the Treaty of Tianjin

3. Contents of the Beijing Treaty

Keywords: free download of history PPT courseware for the eighth grade of the People's Education Press, volume 1, Opium War PPT download, .PPT format;

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