"The Messenger of Cultural Exchange between East and West" The Spread and Development of Ancient Civilizations PPT Courseware 6

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"The Messenger of Cultural Exchange between East and West" The Spread and Development of Ancient Civilizations PPT Courseware 6

Self-learning

1. A long time ago, land and sea trade routes connected the three continents of Europe, Asia and Africa. Among them was the famous Silk Road connecting _____. Through these trade routes, China's _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____ and other crops from India were also spread to Europe.

2. In the cultural exchange between East and West, _____ people have made significant contributions.

3. The creator of Arabic numerals was _____ people, who developed and spread them. __________ (time), Arabic numerals are basically the same as the current writing method.

4． In _____ year, 17-year-old Marco Polo came to China and was appreciated by _____. The book "__________" describes Marco Polo's experience and knowledge in _____, which aroused Europeans' longing and yearning for the East.

Self-study guide

1. Among the ancient trade routes that connected Europe, Asia, and Africa, which one was the most famous? What special products and technologies from the East were spread to the West through this trade route? Who are the people who travel on this trade road all year round? What did they bring to China? What role did their activities play at that time?

2. What is the most important contribution that Arabs have made to world cultural exchanges? What does "Arabic numerals" mean? Who first invented it? The reason for the name? When did it reach Europe? When was the writing basically the same as now?

3. Which country was Marco Polo from? When will he travel to China? When will you return to Italy? What experiences have you had in China? Which emperor appreciated it?

4. What is the book that describes Marco Polo’s experiences and knowledge in the East? What impact did the book have at the time? Why were exchanges between China and the West active during the Yuan Dynasty, with many Europeans coming east one after another?

scientific contributions of the arabs

Mathematics: Khwarizmi was an outstanding mathematician. His "Calculation of Integrals and Equations" remained a textbook in European universities until the 16th century. Algebra and counting using Arabic numerals were introduced to Europe through this book.

Medicine: Lazis, director of the National Hospital in Baghdad and a famous clinical surgical expert. Inventor of the surgical stringing method. Avicenna (i.e. Ibn Sina) was an outstanding medical authority and was known as the "King of Medicines".

Astronomy: The Arab Empire had specialized astronomical research institutions in many places. Arab scholars created many relatively sophisticated astronomical instruments, which were still used in Europe until the 16th century. Arab astronomers emerged in large numbers, such as Al-Khwarizmi, Baitani, Majeriti of Cordoba, etc.

Please answer what errors are there in the teacher's narrative?

Arabic numerals refer to the 10 numerical symbols from 0 to 10. They were first created by the Arabs and later spread to Europe by the Indians, so they are called Arabic numerals. In the 12th century, its writing method was basically the same as the current writing method. After the Italian Marco Polo came to China during the reign of Genghis Khan, he went out for inspections on the orders of the Great Khan and even went on an envoy to Japan. After living in China for 17 years, he returned to China and wrote "The Travels of Marco Polo" based on his experiences in the East, which aroused Europeans' yearning for the East.

In conclusion

Arab contributions to world culture

Preserved and spread ancient culture

Become a medium for communication between Eastern and Western cultures

Good at absorbing other cultures and developing them

The East in Marco's Eyes

A king in India "wears a ring around his neck, fully decorated with precious stones, such as rubies, sapphires, emeralds, and other precious stones... Under his chest, there is a thread hanging on his neck, with 104 large beads and several rubies on it. ... Arms He also wears three gold rings, all decorated with valuable pearls and gems; the same goes for his legs and even his toes. Because the gold, pearls and gems the king carries are priceless. This is not surprising, since he has a lot of treasures, and both It is the best in the country."

Japan “occupies an unlimited amount of gold... The monarch has a large palace, the roof of which is made of fine gold... The floors of the palace rooms are paved with gold bricks instead of stone slabs, and all the windows and masts are also made of fine gold. The wealth is infinite, and no one can believe it." Japan "is also rich in precious stones and pearls. The color of the pearls is like roses. They are very beautiful and very expensive. The pearls are large and round, and they are as valuable as white pearls."

Give it a try:

1. In the process of the spread of my country's four great ancient inventions to the West, the ones that made outstanding contributions are:

A. Arab merchants B. Chinese navigators

C. Italian missionaries D. Persians

2. The inventor of "Arabic numerals" is:

A. Ancient Indians B. Arabs C. Romans D. Greeks

3. Which of the following statements is correct ( )

A. The only channel for exchange between the East and the West in ancient times was the "Silk Road"

B. “Arabic numerals” were invented by the Arabs

C. Arabs have made important contributions to the spread and exchange of world culture.

D. The Arabs have only made important contributions to the spread and exchange of world culture.

4． What major event was happening in China when Marco Polo left for China ( )

A. Temujin was honored as Genghis Khan B. Kublai Khan established the Yuan Dynasty

C. The Yuan Dynasty destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty D. The Yuan Dynasty unified the country

two. Picture recognition questions:

Read the picture on the right and answer the questions:

①What are the symbols in the picture above? Who invented it?

②When and by whom was it introduced to Europe? When was it written basically the same way it is now?

③If there are no above numbers, how would you use to represent the ten numbers from 1 to 10?

④Think about it, what significance does the invention of this symbol have on the development of human society?

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Update Time: 2024-10-14

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