"The History of the Earth" Earth in the Universe PPT download

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"The History of the Earth" Earth in the Universe PPT download

Part One: Explanation of Curriculum Standards

1. Use the stratigraphic comparison chart to understand the relationship between fossils and strata.

2. Combined with the geological time scale, understand the division of the earth's geological history.

3. With the help of fossils, understand the main role of stratigraphy and fossil research in understanding the history of the earth. (geographical practice)

4. Combined with the geological time scale, briefly describe the evolutionary history of the earth in different geological ages. (comprehensive thinking)

The history of the earth PPT, part 2: preview of new knowledge

1. Fossils and Geological Time

1. Earth history: about 4.6 billion years.

2. Ways of understanding: Studying strata is the most important way.

3. Stratum

(1) Meaning: Strata is a layered rock with time sequence.

(2) Stratigraphic characteristics of sedimentary rocks {("Has a bedding structure: generally the first deposited layer is on the bottom, and the later deposited layer is on top" @"often contains fossils: the sediment contains "@" biological remains or remains" )┤

(3) Distribution rules: ① Strata of the same era often contain the same or similar fossils;

②The older the strata contain the fossils of lower-level and simpler organisms.

(4) Research significance: By studying the strata and the fossils they contain, we can understand the life history and paleogeographic environment of the earth.

4. Geological time scale

(1) Meaning: Based on the stratigraphic sequence, biological evolution stages, rock ages, etc., the long history of the earth is systematically chronicled in time units such as epochs, generations, and epochs. This is the geological chronology.

(2)Geological time scale

Think about it, why is the Cambrian period regarded as the beginning of the Phanerozoic?

It is suggested that the emergence of a large number of hard-bodied organisms is the beginning of the Cambrian period, which represents a new period when a large number of organisms begin to appear on the earth. Therefore, the Cambrian period is the beginning of the Phanerozoic era.

2. The evolution of the earth

1.Precambrian

(1) Time: From the birth of the Earth to 541 million years ago, including the Hadean Eon, the Archaean Eon, and the Proterozoic Eon, accounting for about 90% of the Earth’s history.

(2) Evolutionary characteristics

① Atmospheric evolution: Evolving from an oxygen-free environment of the original atmosphere to an oxygen-rich environment.

② Biological evolution: Eukaryotes and multicellular organisms evolved from prokaryotes.

③Geology and minerals: important metal mineralization period.

2.Paleozoic Era

(1) Time: 541 million to 252 million years ago, which can be divided into the early Paleozoic (including the Cambrian, Ordovician, and Silurian) and the late Paleozoic (including the Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian) .

(2) Evolutionary characteristics

①Evolution of sea and land: The crustal movement was violent, forming a combined ancient continent.

②Biological evolution:

③Geology and mineral resources: The late Paleozoic is an important coal-forming period.

History of the Earth PPT, Part 3: Autonomous Detection

1. Judgment of right and wrong

(1) Fossils in the formation refer to the remains of organisms in the sediments. ()

(2) Fossils are found in all types of strata. ()

(3) The emergence of oxygen components in the earth's atmosphere is closely related to biological development. ()

(4) The strata containing nautilus fossils were mostly formed in the Mesozoic Era. ()

(5) We can find angiosperm fossils in some coal seams. ()

(6) The emergence of human beings is a major leap in the history of biological development. ()

Answer(1)×　(2)×　(3)√　(4)×　(5)×　(6)√

The earth has a long past and a long future. The emergence and evolution of living things is only a small part of it, and the history of human beings is even more brief. Complete questions 2~4 accordingly.

2. Primitive fish appear in ()

A. Proterozoic Era B. Middle Paleozoic Era

C. Late Paleozoic Era D. Middle Mesozoic Era

3. The stratum containing trilobite fossils is ()

A.Paleozoic strata B.Proterozoic strata

C. Mesozoic strata D. Cenozoic strata

4. The biological species that became extinct at the same time as dinosaurs is ()

A. Primitive fish

B. Ancient amphibians

C. More than 50% of invertebrate species in the ocean

D.ferns

History of the Earth PPT, Part 4: Exploration

What is the evolutionary history of the Earth?

Question exploration

"Jurassic Park" is a 1993 science fiction adventure film that was released in the United States on June 11, 1993. The film mainly tells the story of Dr. Hammond convening a large number of scientists to extract the genetic genes of dinosaurs from the blood of dinosaurs condensed in prehistoric mosquitoes in amber, resurrecting the prehistoric behemoths that had been extinct for 65 million years, and turning the entire Isla Nublar into a The paradise of dinosaurs, namely "Jurassic Park". But when Hammond took his grandkids on their first tour, the dinosaurs showed up.

Explore with materials:

(1) In which era in geological history did the dinosaurs in the science fiction movie "Jurassic Park" mainly appear, and how many years ago?

(2) Dinosaurs have long been extinct. How did we humans get to know this early reptile?

(3) In the era when dinosaurs flourished, what types of plants were dominant on the earth? What impact did it have on our current human society?

Tips (1) Dinosaurs mainly appeared in the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods of the Mesozoic Era, about 252 million to 66 million years ago.

(2) Through the study of strata and fossils, we humans have learned basic information about dinosaurs and the paleogeographic environment in which they lived.

(3) Gymnosperms were extremely prosperous in the Mesozoic and occupied a dominant position among land plants. The Mesozoic Era is the main coal-forming period, so it can be said that the dense plants in this era provided a large amount of fossil energy for the development of our current human society.

Lectures by famous teachers

The evolutionary history of the Earth's environment

According to isotope age dating, the Earth was formed about 4.6 billion years ago. From its formation to the present, the earth's environment has undergone tremendous changes. We can understand the evolution of its environment through the study of stratigraphy.

1. The evolution of land and sea

(1) The formation of the earth, the emergence of primitive oceans, and the initial distribution of oceans and land.

(2) In the Paleozoic Era, the crust moved violently, forming a combined ancient continent.

(3) In the Mesozoic Era, plate movements were intense, the combined ancient continents disintegrated, and the continents drifted.

(4) Cenozoic Era, forming the modern sea and land distribution pattern. The violent crustal movement formed the basic appearance of modern terrain relief.

2. Evolution of the atmosphere

(1) Original atmosphere: The main components are carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane and ammonia, lacking oxygen.

(2) Modern atmosphere: The main components are nitrogen and oxygen.

(3) Reasons for evolution: Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis. Therefore, the emergence and evolution of life on Earth are inseparable from the increase in oxygen in the atmosphere.

3. Evolution of living things

Scientists have conducted comparative studies on strata and paleontological fossils from around the world and found that the evolution of the earth shows obvious stages. The evolution of living things shows the characteristics of evolution from low-level to high-level, from simple to complex. The following are some geological timetables:

History of the Earth PPT, Part 5: Testing in class

1. The strata where large amounts of iron, gold, nickel, chromium and other mineral deposits often exist are ()

A. Precambrian strata B. Paleozoic strata

C. Mesozoic strata D. Cenozoic strata

Analysis: The Precambrian was an important mineralization period, and many metal mineral deposits appeared in the strata of this period.

Answer A

2. Which of the following statements is correct ()

A. Only with oxygen in the earth’s atmosphere can biological development and evolution occur.

B. Cyanobacteria are eukaryotes

C. The emergence of humans is a major leap in the history of biological development

D. The earth is currently in a cold period

Analysis Oxygen in the atmosphere mainly comes from the photosynthesis of plants; cyanobacteria are prokaryotes; the emergence of humans is a major leap in biological evolution; the earth is currently in a warm period.

AnswerC

3. Which of the following statements about the relationship between biological evolution and the environment is correct ()

A. The evolution from prokaryotic cells to eukaryotic cells has nothing to do with the environment. It is a natural evolution.

B. The emergence and development of organisms with photosynthetic functions have little impact on the geographical environment

C. The transformation of the geographical environment from an anaerobic environment to an aerobic environment has nothing to do with biological evolution

D. The geographical environment changes from an anaerobic environment to an aerobic environment, laying the environmental foundation for biological evolution.

Analyze the evolution of prokaryotic organisms into eukaryotic organisms and the environment; the emergence and development of organisms with photosynthetic functions have had a huge impact on the geographical environment and changed the composition of the earth's atmosphere; the transformation of the geographical environment from an oxygen-free environment to an aerobic environment is The result of photosynthesis by organisms; the geographical environment changes from an oxygen-free environment to an aerobic environment, laying the environmental foundation for biological evolution.

AnswerD

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Update Time: 2024-09-09

This template belongs to Geography courseware People's Education Press High School Geography Compulsory Course 1 industry PPT template

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