"The Great Economic Crisis" The World under the Versailles-Washington System PPT Courseware 3

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"The Great Economic Crisis" The World under the Versailles-Washington System PPT Courseware 3

introduction

In the past century, four serious financial crises have occurred in the United States: 1907, 1929, 1987 and 2008. The Great Crisis of 1929-1933 was undoubtedly the most serious world economic crisis to date. The financial crises of 1929 and 1987 both occurred in October. The spread of this year's financial crisis in the United States occurred in September and is still worsening rapidly.

Material reading

The cold north wind was howling, and a little girl in single clothes was huddled in the corner of the house.

"Mom, it's so cold, why don't you light the stove?" The little girl was shivering.

Mom sighed and said, "Because we don't have coal at home, your father is unemployed, and we don't have money to buy coal."

"Mom, why is dad unemployed?"

"Because there's too much coal."

This is a scene that took place in the home of an American coal miner in the early 1930s.

Meanwhile, on the banks of the Mississippi, farmers were pouring buckets of milk and cartloads of fat pigs into the river.

In 1933 alone, 6.4 million pigs were thrown into rivers alive and drowned, and more than 50,000 acres of cotton were set on fire.

Also in the UK, France, the Netherlands, and Denmark, entire boxes of oranges, entire boats of fish, and entire bags of coffee beans were dumped into the sea, and countless cows and lambs were killed. Brazilian capitalists destroyed more than two million bags of coffee.

Think about it?

①Where did the economic crisis of 1929 originate?

USA

②What are the main features?

Long time, wide scope, big damage

③What impact does it have?

The entire capitalist world economy has suffered a heavy blow, with more than 30 million workers unemployed and wages of employed workers falling sharply. The working people are hungry, cold and homeless.

④Why did this economic crisis break out?

Production is in a state of anarchy, there is a contradiction between the socialization of production and private ownership of the means of production, and there is a contradiction between the rapid growth of production and the shrinking consumption capacity of the working people.

The effectiveness of Roosevelt's New Deal

The U.S. economy is slowly recovering and people's lives are improving;

The capitalist system is adjusted, consolidated and developed;

The macro-control and management of capital in capitalist countries has been strengthened;

The power of the U.S. federal government has significantly increased.

independent inquiry

Strengthen state intervention and guidance in the economy

What was “new” about Roosevelt’s New Deal?

The New Deal helped the United States escape from the economic crisis. Does this mean that the economic crisis has been completely eradicated in capitalist countries?

No. Economic crisis is an incurable disease of capitalist countries.

Thinking Expansion: What does the successful implementation of the New Deal mean?

Roosevelt's New Deal provided a precedent for capitalist countries to intervene in economic life and became the basis for many developed and developing countries to formulate policies and regulations today. This shows that the modern capitalist system has the function of self-regulation and improvement. However, because the New Deal did not change the capitalist system, it could only contain the crisis at that time, but could not fundamentally eliminate the crisis.

Trial test

1. The central measure of Roosevelt’s New Deal is ( )

A. Clean up the bank B. The state's rectification of industry

C. Government subsidizes industry D. Strengthen intervention in the economy

2. The main new measures of Roosevelt’s New Deal are ( )

A. Overcome crises with reform rather than expansion

B． take the form of nationalization

C. Use state intervention in the economy to eliminate crises

D. Build public facilities and reduce the ranks of unemployed people

3. In 1933, the United States implemented the "New Deal". Which of the incorrect statements about the "New Deal" is ( )

A. The central measure is the state’s adjustment of industry

B． The purpose is to strengthen intervention and guidance in the economy

C. Fundamentally eliminate the economic crisis of capitalism

D. achieved certain results

4. The fundamental reason for the economic crisis in the United States in the late 1920s is: ( )

A. America's prosperity in the 1920s

B． Installments for the US market

C. Basic contradictions under the capitalist system

D. Stock speculation leads to sharp price hikes

16. Materials: Roosevelt said in his presidential inauguration speech on March 4, 1933: "...Sigh that the means of exchange cannot escape the long-term trade freeze; see industrial enterprises reduced to dead branches; farmers can't find a market for their products. ; The years of savings of tens of millions of families have been destroyed in one fell swoop.”

Combine what you have learned. Please answer:

(1) The materials reflect what the United States encountered at that time

Answer: Economic crisis.

(2) After Roosevelt came to power, what measures were taken to combat the "industrial enterprises were reduced to dead branches and leaves"?

Answer: Adjust industry and formulate the National Industrial Revitalization Act.

(3) What do you think is “new” about Roosevelt’s New Deal?

Answer: The state’s intervention and guidance in the economy have been strengthened.

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