"The Great Crisis of the 1930s" opens up a new development path PPT courseware

"The Great Crisis of the 1930s" opens up a new development path PPT courseware

Part 1: A brief economic boom

Information 1: The U.S. gross national product increased from US$74.2 billion in 1919 to US$103.1 billion in 1929.

Information 2: The widespread use of automated and semi-automated machines, the production rationalization movement, and institutional innovations such as Taylorism and the Ford automobile production line have greatly improved labor productivity.

Information 3: In order to stimulate consumption, the government promotes installment payment and other methods.

1. Let’s talk about it based on the materials: What are the specific manifestations of the economic prosperity of the United States in the 1920s?

Performance: The gross national product has reached a record high; many industrial sectors have experienced surges, the electrification of factories has been greatly enhanced, and a number of new electrical appliances have begun to enter households; in order to stimulate consumption, installment payment methods have been adopted.

2. Think about it, why did the United States experience the prosperity of the 1920s?

Tip: You can review the scientific and technological inventions of the United States during the Second Industrial Revolution and the impact of World War I on the United States.

The Great Crisis of the 1930s PPT, Part 2: The Crisis Behind the Prosperity

Information 1: In the 1920s, the production methods of automobiles continued to improve. Take Ford Motor Company as an example. The assembly line production method it adopted reduced the time to produce a car from 14 hours to 1.5 hours. In the United States at that time, the car was not only a means of transportation, but also a symbol of identity and status.

Data 2: During this period, the total income of American residents continued to increase, but 3/5 of the wealth was in the hands of 2% of the country's population.

Read the textbook content and the information given, and complete:

1) From information 1, what can you see about the development of the automobile industry? What about people's attitudes toward cars?

2) If you see this ad, will you buy it?

3) What kind of reality does Data 2 tell us? If you are planning to buy a car but don’t have enough savings, what will you choose when faced with the “buy now, pay later” consumption method?

Behind the "prosperity" lies a serious economic crisis:

1. Production is in an anarchic state and production is expanded blindly.

2. People’s consumption power has not improved accordingly, and products cannot be sold, resulting in product backlog. That is, "relative overproduction"

3. The U.S. government and capitalists stimulate consumption and adopt installment payments.

4. Stock speculation is rampant.

The Great Crisis of the 1930s PPT, Part Three: The Outbreak of the Economic Crisis

Summarize the causes of the economic crisis

Social reasons - contradiction between market supply and demand

First, relative overproduction

Second, installment payment

Third, excessive stock speculation

Fourth, liberal economic thought

Direct causes - people are poor, consumption level is lower than productivity level, and the contradiction between production and consumption is expanding;

The fundamental reason is the basic contradiction of the capitalist system, that is, the contradiction between socialized large-scale production and private ownership of the means of production.

Trigger - New York Wall Street stock market crash

The Great Crisis of the 1930s PPT, Part 4: The Essence of the Economic Crisis

overproduction

①Wealth is too concentrated in the hands of a few capitalists

②Most consumers (proletarians) have low wages and lack purchasing power

③ Products cannot be sold, are overstocked, and appear to be excessive.

In which country did the earliest economic crisis occur? When? In which country did this economic crisis first occur?

Britain; 1825;

United States (1929 after World War I)

The Great Crisis of the 1930s PPT, Part 5: The Impact of the Great Economic Crisis

(1) A large number of workers are unemployed and the living standards of working people have deteriorated. The increase in the number of unemployed people will naturally lead to lower wages and lower living standards. The majority of working people are living in poverty and displacement, and social conflicts are deepening.

(2) Destruction of goods and production destruction.

(3) Economic crises cause political crises, causing social unrest in various countries, and governments of various countries are looking for solutions to the problems.

Two ways to get out of a crisis:

Germany and Japan establish fascist dictatorships

The United States strengthens government intervention in the economy and implements the New Deal

The Great Crisis of the 1930s PPT, Part Six: Classroom Exercises

1. A classmate in the ninth grade of a school summarized and organized the knowledge he had learned about the capitalist world economic crisis from 1929 to 1933, and formed the following views. What you think is correct is that ① this crisis is long-lasting, wide-ranging, and destructive ② It led to the October Revolution in Russia ③ The economic crisis triggered a serious political crisis in capitalist countries ④ One of the consequences of the economic crisis is fascism Power takes the opportunity to rise

A. ②③④ B. ①②③ C. ①②④ D. ①③④

2. In 1933, Roosevelt encouraged the American people in his presidential inaugural speech: "What really scares us is 'fear' itself." What Americans were afraid of at that time was

A. Fascist forces are rampant B. America's involvement in World War II

C. Implement the "New Deal" D. serious economic crisis

3. Compared with 1929, the industrial production of the entire capitalist world dropped by more than one-third in 1933, and the trade of the capitalist world shrank by two-thirds. This reflects the characteristics of this economic crisis: ( )

A. A large number of workers went on strike b. Wide spread

C. Extremely destructive D. cause political crisis

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