"The Formation of the Bipolar Pattern" The World During the Cold War PPT

"The Formation of the Bipolar Pattern" The World During the Cold War PPT

Part One: The Situation after World War II:

“On one side of me sat a huge Russian bear with one leg crossed over the other, on the other side a huge bison, and in the middle sat a poor little English donkey.” — Churchill

Britain won the war and lost its fortune. It lost 1.2 million troops and consumed a lot of funds during the war. Foreign trade came to a standstill, its gold reserves were almost exhausted, and most of its overseas investments were sold off. After the war, it was heavily in debt.

France was defeated in World War II and its vitality was severely damaged.

Although General de Gaulle led the "Free France" movement, formed the army, and established the French regime, its power was not valued by the allies. It was not until the end of the war that it relied on the power of the allies to restore its political status as a great power, and its international prestige declined sharply.

Militarily, the U.S. military had more than 12 million troops in 1945 and owned 30 aircraft carriers. In the early post-war period, the United States established nearly 500 military bases in more than 50 countries around the world. In addition, it also had a monopoly on the atomic bomb. The U.S. military ranks first in the world.

Economically, the United States owns 60% of the total output of the capitalist world and 59% of its gold reserves, making it the world's largest capital exporter and creditor country. With its huge economic advantages, the United States has gained control of international finance.

The victory of the war made the Soviet Union's military power unprecedentedly powerful and its political prestige unprecedentedly enhanced. By 1945, the Soviet Union had an army of 11.4 million people and its military industry was second only to the United States.

In Asia, the Soviet army entered Northeast China and North Korea and occupied the four northern islands of Japan. Under the influence and help of the Soviet Union, a series of countries in Eastern Europe and Asia established people's democratic regimes.

But the Soviet Union suffered heavy losses during the war.

The formation of the bipolar pattern PPT, the second part: "Cold War"

Meaning: Western capitalist countries led by the United States propose to use all means and hostile actions except direct armed attacks to contain all communist activities.

Read the textbook content and think about:

1. What is the name of the policy implemented by the United States after the war?

2. What are the reasons for implementing this policy?

①After the war, the United States became the world’s number one capitalist power and attempted to dominate the world;

②The Soviet Union grew in power and became an obstacle to the United States’ global hegemony;

③With the continuous development of socialist power, the contradiction between capitalism and socialism continues to deepen;

④The Second World War has just ended, and the people of the world long for peace. The United States and the Soviet Union are unwilling and afraid to provoke a new world war.

3. What is the purpose and implementation method of this policy?

4. Who are the two parties involved in this policy?

5. What event kicked off this policy?

3. Purpose: Contain communism and dominate the world.

Means: All means and hostilities other than direct armed attack.

4. Both sides: the capitalist countries led by the United States and the socialist countries led by the Soviet Union.

5. Prologue: Iron Curtain Speech.

The formation of the bipolar pattern PPT, the third part: summarizing the manifestations of the "Cold War".

Politically: Truman Doctrine;

1) Proposed: In 1947, US President Truman proposed.

2) Content: The United States can "undertake obligations" around the world, assist "free" countries, curb the "expansion" of communism, and ensure the security and prosperity of the United States.

3) Essence: a global strategy to contain the Soviet Union and dominate the world.

4) Impact: The Truman Doctrine marked the beginning of the "Cold War" and was a turning point in U.S. foreign policy. It marked the end of the U.S.-Soviet wartime alliance and the United States entered a stage of global expansion.

Economically: Marshall Plan;

1) Proposed: In 1947, Marshall proposed the "European Recovery Plan", also called the "Marshall Plan".

2) Content: Requires European countries to unite and proactively propose an economic cooperation plan to the United States, and the United States will provide assistance as much as possible. From 1948 to 1952, the United States actually allocated $13 billion for the Marshall Plan

3) Impact: Promoted the economic recovery of Western Europe, consolidated the power of the United States in Western Europe, and economically contained the Soviet Union.

4) Status: The Marshall Plan was the first large-scale application of the Truman Doctrine. Politically, it is an extension of the Truman Doctrine and an important step in the United States' "Cold War" policy.

Military: Establish "NATO" organization.

1) Purpose: To implement the Truman Doctrine and implement the "Cold War".

2) Establishment: In 1949, the United States and 12 other Western countries signed the North Atlantic Treaty in Washington, and NATO was established.

3) Function: Formed the Western collective defense system to achieve the purpose of fighting the Soviet Union and dominating the world.

The formation of the bipolar pattern PPT, part 4: Symbols of the "Cold War" confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union

1. NATO: In 1949, NATO was established. (12 countries in Western Europe and North America, targeting the Soviet Union)

2. Warsaw Pact: In 1955, the Soviet Union and eight other countries concluded the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance (Warsaw Treaty), the Warsaw Pact organization. (The Soviet Union and 8 Eastern European countries competed against NATO)

3. The nature of NATO and the Warsaw Pact: political and military blocs.

4. The symbol of the formation of bipolar confrontation: the establishment of NATO and the Warsaw Pact.

"Cold War" situation = "bipolar" confrontation pattern

=Yalta system

The bipolar confrontation pattern has realized the transformation of the world from war to peace, avoided a new world war, is conducive to the rise of the third world, and promoted the development of post-war science and technology.

In the bipolar world, local wars continue, and the world has been unrest for a long time. This reflects the power politics of great powers and has brought unsettling factors to world peace and development.

The formation of the bipolar pattern PPT, the fifth part: high school entrance examination link

At present, some anti-China forces in the world frequently put forward the "China threat theory", which is actually a typical Cold War mentality. The beginning of the "Cold War" between the United States and the Soviet Union was marked by ()

A. The introduction of the Truman Doctrine

B． Implementation of the Marshall Plan

C. The convening of the Washington Conference

D. The convening of the Yalta Conference

After World War II, the United States entered a stage of global expansion that began in ()

A. The introduction of the Truman Doctrine

B． Implementation of the Marshall Plan

C. The establishment of NATO

D. the founding of the united nations

The picture on the right, "The Weasel Pays New Year's greetings to the Rooster," is a cartoon created by Chinese cartoonist Hua Junwu in 1947. The historical event satirized by this cartoon is ()

A. The introduction of the Truman Doctrine

B． Implementation of the Marshall Plan

C. The founding of NATO

D. The establishment of the Warsaw Pact

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