"The Formation of Soil" Vegetation and Soil on the Earth PPT

"The Formation of Soil" Vegetation and Soil on the Earth PPT

Part One: Strengthening the Implementation of Basic Knowledge

[Self-reading textbook·Fill in key points]

1. Soil

1. Concept: The earth's land surface has _____, a loose layer that can grow plants.

2. Significance: Providing and coordinating _____, nutrients, temperature, _____ and other nutritional conditions for plant functions, which is the material basis for human survival.

3. Formation factors: soil parent material, _____, biology, _____, time, human activities, etc.

2. Soil forming factors

3. Soil profile

1. Concept: Refers to the soil _____ vertically downward from the ground. It is composed of soil layers with different morphological characteristics and roughly parallel to the ground.

2. Main types of soil layers

Soil formation PPT, part 2: Pay attention to problem-based teaching

Question exploration: What are the main formation factors of soil? Important and difficult test points

[Thinking and exploring]

Beijing's Zhongshan Park retains the Sheji Altar built in the Ming Dynasty, which was a place where ancient emperors worshiped the gods of earth and grain. The upper layer of the altar is paved with soil of five colors: cyan in the east, red in the south, white in the west, black in the north, and yellow in the center.

[Problem Design]

1. Thinking from the perspective of "regional cognition", which region of my country does the "yellow in the center" in the material represent?

Tip: Loess Plateau area.

2. Use "comprehensive thinking" to analyze why the soil colors in different areas are different?

Tip: Natural conditions and socioeconomic conditions vary greatly in different regions.

[System Cognition]

1. Natural factors that influence soil formation

(1)Climate and soil

①Climate affects soil thickness, water-vapor ratio, particle size, and organic matter content through factors such as precipitation, heat, and wind.

② There is abundant precipitation, large soil particle size, thick soil layer (increased infiltration), and high water content in the soil. There is little precipitation, thin soil layer, high air content in the soil, and loose soil quality.

③ Rich in calories, active microorganisms, large amounts of organic matter decomposed, and poor soil.

④The wind is strong, the air humidity is reduced, the evaporation is strong, the soil parent material migrates quickly, the soil particle size is small, many pores, the organic matter content is low, and the soil quality is poor.

⑤Soil types under the influence of different climate types:

(2)Topography and soil

Topography mainly affects soil indirectly through the redistribution of material and energy. The graphical analysis is as follows:

In mountainous areas, due to vertical changes in temperature, precipitation, and humidity as the terrain rises, different climate and vegetation zones are formed, resulting in significant vertical zone differentiation in soil composition and physical and chemical properties.

(3) Biology and soil

Organisms are the most active factors in the soil formation process and play a leading role. The diagram is as follows:

2. Impact of human activities on soil

(1) Human production activities mainly affect the formation and evolution of soil by changing pedogenic factors, among which changes in surface biological conditions are the most prominent. The specific analysis is as follows:

(2) The impact of human activities on soil has two sides:

[Training to pass the test]

1. How to improve soil fertility is ()

①Fallow ②Apply chemical fertilizers ③Plant green manure ④Crop rotation ⑤Extensive application of farmyard manure

A. ①②③④　B. ①③④⑤

C. ①②④⑤ D. ②③④⑤

2. Comparison of the soil in place A and place B ()

A. The sources of soil nutrients in places A and B are the same.

B． The soil organic matter content in A and B is the same

C. The soil in land A is more fertile than land B

D. The mineral content of the soil in places A and B is the same

3. Regarding the following analysis of the conditions for developing agricultural production in Land B, which one is correct ()

A. It is hot and rainy all year round, with rain and heat at the same time

B． The average annual temperature is low and the soil is rich in organic matter

C. Rich surface runoff and sufficient water sources

D. The terrain is flat and the soil layer is thick

Soil formation PPT, part 3: Carry out structural evaluation of thinking

Structural evaluation of thinking—the reason why black soil has high organic matter

Black soil is a type of fertile soil formed under certain climatic conditions in areas with lush native vegetation. The organic matter is not easily decomposed and has been accumulated over thousands of years. Black soil has deep soil layers and high organic matter content. The Mississippi Plain in North America, the Ukrainian Plain in Europe, the Northeastern Plain in Asia, and the Pampas from Argentina to Uruguay in South America are the four major black soil distribution areas in the world. Based on the materials, what are the reasons why the black soil area is rich in organic matter?

Keywords: Hunan Education Edition high school geography compulsory course 1 PPT courseware free download, soil formation PPT download, vegetation and soil on the earth PPT download, .PPT format;

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