"The Floating and Sinking Conditions and Applications of Objects" Buoyancy PPT Courseware 2

"The Floating and Sinking Conditions and Applications of Objects" Buoyancy PPT Courseware 2

①A table tennis ball and a solid iron block are immersed in water by hand. What will be the state of each after they come to rest?

② When a table tennis ball and a solid iron block are immersed in water, what are their respective states of motion from release to rest?

The process of the table tennis ball moving upward is called floating, and the final object resting on the water is called floating.

The process by which an iron block moves downward and finally comes to rest at the bottom of the water is called sinking.

Equipment provided include:

Spring dynamometer, balance, measuring cylinder, overflow cup, glass bottle weight, water...

Measurement of the gravity of an object:

① Gravity can be measured directly with a spring dynamometer;

②You can use a balance to weigh the mass of the object and find the gravity of the object according to G = mg.

Measurement of buoyancy:

① Use a spring dynamometer to measure the gravity of the object in the air, then immerse the object in water and measure the pulling force;

② Use an overflow cup to measure the volume of overflow water. Then find the buoyancy force based on Archimedes' principle;

③Pour an appropriate amount of water V1 into the measuring cylinder, put the weight into the water, record the scale V2 when the liquid level reaches at this time, V2–V1 = V row, and then float according to Archimedes’ principle F = r liquid gV Arrange to find the buoyancy force;

1. Floating and sinking conditions of objects

When an object is immersed:

If G>F floats, the object sinks.

If G

If G=F float, the object is suspended.

When an object is partially submerged:

If G=F float, the object floats.

2. Application of buoyancy

1. Ship

Most of the volume of the ship is occupied by air, which floats on it in rivers and seas; therefore, the buoyancy force it experiences is the same, which is equal to the ship's own gravity (that is, F float = G ship). According to Archimedes' principle, the volume immersed in sea water is smaller than that in river water.

2. Submarine (changes its own weight, but its volume remains unchanged)

The floating, sinking and suspending of a submarine are achieved by changing its own gravity (but its volume does not change); and the change of the submarine's own gravity depends on how much water is filled or released in the water tank.

3. Hot air balloon

By changing its own volume, it changes the buoyancy to achieve lifting and lowering.

4. Density meter

Working principle: It is made by using the principle that buoyancy is equal to gravity when an object floats on the liquid surface. According to Archimedes' principle, when the ρ liquid is large, the V row is small, that is, more parts are exposed to the water surface, so the scale values ​​are smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, and the scale intervals are uneven, sparse at the top and dense at the bottom. The value is the multiple of ρ of the liquid to be tested relative to ρ water

1. There is a solid object. In order to measure the density of the material that makes up it, hang it under a spring balance. The spring scale will read 19.6 N. Submerge it into water and weigh it. The spring balance will read 14.7 N. The object's The volume is ___ meters3 and the mass is ___ kilograms. From this we know that its density is _________.

2. The mass of an object is 100 grams. When it is put into a container filled with water and 50 ml of water overflows, the state of the object is

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