"The First Cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the Northern Expedition" opens up a new development path PPT courseware

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"The First Cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the Northern Expedition" opens up a new development path PPT courseware

Part One: The First Cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party

Domestic situation after World War I

After World War I, the great powers returned and stepped up their control and aggression over China's political economy.

In China under the rule of the Beiyang government, warlord separatism intensified, social unrest, economic development was hindered, and the people were miserable.

It has become a common wish of the people to "defeat the great powers and eliminate the warlords" to achieve domestic peace and reunification.

The Nationalist Party

Time: January 1924

Location: Guangzhou

main content:

The congress adopted the proposition of opposing imperialism and overthrowing the warlords. In fact, it established three major policies: alliance with Russia, alliance with the Communist Party, and support for agriculture and industry. It also established the principle that Communist Party members could join the Kuomintang in their individual capacity.

Impact: Marked the formal formation of the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.

The establishment of Whampoa Military Academy

Time: May 1924

Location: Huangpu, Guangzhou

Full name: Chinese Kuomintang Army Officer School

Leaders: Sun Yat-sen as Prime Minister; Chiang Kai-shek as President; Liao Zhongkai as Party Representative; later Zhou Enlai as Director of the Political Department

Impact: Cultivated a large number of military and political talents and laid the foundation for the establishment of the National Revolutionary Army.

The first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the Northern Expedition PPT, the second part: the Northern Expedition

Purpose: Defeat the great powers, overthrow the rule of the Beiyang warlords, and unify the country

Started: 1926

Commander-in-Chief: Chiang Kai-shek

process:

Three major battlefields

Jiangxi battlefield

Fujian and Zhejiang battlefield

Two Lakes Battlefield

Major battles: Battle of Tingsi Bridge, Battle of Hesheng Bridge, Battle of Wuchang

Result: From the Pearl River Basin to the Yangtze River Basin in less than half a year

Influence: Greatly inspired the workers and peasants and promoted the national revolution;

dealt a heavy blow to domestic warlords;

It effectively dealt a blow to the power of imperialism in China.

The First Cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the Northern Expedition PPT, Part Three: The Failure of the National Revolution

Chiang Kai-shek and others launched a counterrevolutionary coup

"April 12" Coup (1927.4.12/Shanghai)

"July 15th" coup (1927.7.15/Wuhan)

Reasons for the counterrevolutionary coup: different class interests

The Nanjing National Government was established

Time: 1927.4.18

Location: Nanjing

Nature: Represents the interests of the big landowners and big bourgeoisie

Surrender to imperialism

Internal suppression of the people's revolutionary movement

PPT on the First Cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the Northern Expedition, Part 4: Class Discussion

Discussion: The vigorous national revolution began with the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and ended with the split between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Someone commented on this result and said: "If I had known today, why bother in the beginning!" Do you agree with this view?

This view is wrong. Although the national revolutionary movement ultimately failed, this does not negate the significance of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. In fact, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party worked together to effectively promote the rise of the national anti-imperialist and anti-feudal struggle, and also expanded the influence of the Kuomintang and strengthened the power of the Communist Party of China. According to statistics, by the time of the Second National Congress of the Kuomintang in 1926, the number of members of the Kuomintang had reached 160,000. The number of Communist Party members also soared from more than 400 in 1923 to more than 57,000 in 1927. The strength was significantly enhanced and the influence was rapidly expanded.

Discuss: Success and Failure of the Northern Expedition

Success: Basically overthrown the reactionary rule of the Beiyang warlords and dealt a heavy blow to the aggressive forces of imperialism. The broad masses of the people have also experienced a revolutionary baptism, laying the foundation for the revolution to continue moving forward.

Failure: New warlords represented by Chiang Kai-shek emerged, and the nature of China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal society remained unchanged.

Lesson: To lead the people to victory in the revolution, the Communist Party of China must uphold the party’s leadership over the revolution. We must master the revolutionary armed forces and persist in armed struggle.

PPT on the First Cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the Northern Expedition, Part Five: Classroom Exercises

The historical event reflected in the ballad "The Kuomintang and the Communist Party join forces for revolution to defeat the warlords and promote unification" is ( )

A. Northern Expedition

B. Xi'an Incident

C. Establishment of the Anti-Japanese National United Front

D. Chongqing Negotiations

In 2016, to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the birth of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, Guangzhou launched the “One City, One Zhongshan” commemorative activity. If you go to Guangzhou during the summer to study and explore the revolutionary footprints of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, you should go ( )

A. The former site of the founding meeting of the Chinese Tongmenghui

B. Memorial Hall of the Revolution of 1911

C. Former site of the Provisional Government of the Republic of China

D. Former site of Huangpu Army Military Academy

After the founding of the Republic of China, the cities that served as the capital of the Republic of China include ( )

①Beijing ②Yan'an ③Nanjing ④Chongqing

A. ①②③

B. ①②④

C. ①③④

D. ②③④

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Update Time: 2024-11-01

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