"The Dawn of the Capitalist Era" Entering Modern Times PPT Courseware 5

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"The Dawn of the Capitalist Era" Entering Modern Times PPT Courseware 5

Knowledge introduction:

1. Under what historical background was the painting "Mona Lisa" created?

2. What is “humanistic trend of thought”? What is the "Renaissance Movement"?

3. In which century and in which country did the Renaissance begin?

4. What are the main contents of the Renaissance?

5. Find out the main representatives of the Renaissance. What achievements did they each achieve?

Renaissance

1. Starting time: ______ century

2. Location: Italy

3. Background:

① Around the 14th century, ______ appeared in Italy, and new ______ began to emerge, so the Renaissance movement first emerged in Italy.

②The European feudal church destroyed ideological culture and controlled people's spiritual world.

4. Meaning: "_______ ideological trend": The emerging bourgeoisie is dissatisfied with ______'s control of the spiritual world. It requires ______ as the center instead of ______; it advocates promoting human personality and pursuing human nature. Happiness in real life.

5. Essence: It is a ______ ideological emancipation movement.

Renaissance

Background Capitalist relations of production developed in Italy

Essence: a bourgeois new cultural movement

Guiding ideology humanism

Representative figures and achievements

Dante Leonardo da Vinci Shakespeare

Historical significance: laid the ideological and cultural foundation for the emergence of European capitalism

Pioneer of the Renaissance - Dante

Dante was born into a declining aristocratic family in Florence. As a teenager, he studied hard and read a lot of books, and eventually became a versatile and knowledgeable scholar and poet. After the age of 37, he was exiled by the Holy See and lived in various parts of Italy for nearly 20 years. He died in a foreign land at the age of 56. Engels called him "the last poet of the Middle Ages and the first poet of the new era."

Literary giant-Shakespeare

Shakespeare was born in Stratford, England in 1564 and died in 1616. He never went to college, but he was talented, accomplished, and famous all over the world. Shakespeare wrote about 38 plays, including short plays he co-wrote with others. He also wrote many outstanding plays handed down from generation to generation, including the historical drama "Henry Forty", the tragedies "Romeo and Juliet", "Hamlet" and "Osay". "Lord", "Macbeth", "King Lear", etc., comedies such as "Nothing to Do", "A Midsummer Night's Dream", "The Merchant of Venice", "Twelfth Night", etc. He is considered one of the world's greatest writers of all time.

Columbus and the Discovery of the New World

Columbus was born in Genoa, Italy. He loved sailing since he was a child and sailed in the eastern waters of the Atlantic Ocean for a long time. He accepted the then popular theory of a round earth and believed that sailing westward from Europe could directly reach eastern Asia. He is also a typical money worshiper. He proposed his voyage plan to the King of Spain and received support. In 1492, his fleet crossed the Atlantic and finally reached today's Cuba and Haiti. He made several more voyages in 1493, 1498 and 1502, but they did not bring huge amounts of gold and wealth to Spain. Later, he lost trust. He died of physical and mental exhaustion in 1506.

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

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