"The Dawn of the Capitalist Era" Entering Modern Times PPT Courseware 3

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"The Dawn of the Capitalist Era" Entering Modern Times PPT Courseware 3

modern world history

Modern world history is the history of the brewing, emergence and development of capitalist social forms.

Modern world history is the history of the brewing, emergence and development of capitalist social forms from around the 16th century to the early 20th century. During this historical stage, the relative isolation and mutual isolation of capitalist civilizations around the world was broken by the vast capitalist world market and bloody colonial expansion. Humanity gradually entered a stage of interconnected and interdependent world integration. This resulted in world history in the true sense.

The 14th to 16th centuries were the era when people and the world were discovered. During this period, Europe was in the stage of disintegration of feudal society and transition to capitalism. In order to seek its own development, the emerging bourgeoisie needed to open up markets and break through the shackles of feudal forces. To this end, it carried out a series of activities, mainly literature and art. Regeneration and the opening of new routes.

1. Renaissance (14th---16th century)

1. The fundamental reason for the rise: the emergence of the bud of capitalism

2. The guiding ideology is: humanism

3. Nature (essence): bourgeois ideological and cultural movement

4. The first country to start with: Italy

5. What are the representative figures and works?

Dante (Italy) "Divine Comedy"

Leonardo da Vinci (Italy) "Mona Lisa" "The Last Supper"

Shakespeare (UK) "Romeo and Juliet" "Hamlet"

6. Role: It promoted the prosperity of European cultural and ideological fields and laid the ideological and cultural foundation for the emergence of European capitalist society.

2. The opening of new shipping routes

1. Fundamental reasons: the development of commodity economy and the emergence of capitalism

2. Purpose: Pursuit of wealth

3. The New World was discovered by ____ Chinese navigator _____

His sailing route was: starting from ____, crossing ____, and arriving at ____, ____ and other places in today's America.

4. The impact of the opening of new routes: (see textbook P61①②)

Thinking: 1. What are the common reasons for the Renaissance and the opening of new shipping routes?

The emergence of capitalism

2. What is the joint effect of the Renaissance and the opening of new sea routes?

Promoted the emergence and development of capitalism

Learn history

Enlightenment 1: The spirit of continuous exploration and innovation is a spirit that will never fade away.

No power can extinguish mankind's courage to continue exploring!

Enlightenment 2: "New sea routes" not only refers to the exploration of sea routes, but also includes the exploration and navigation of space and universe in the future:

Satellites go to the sky, rockets go to sea, land in Antarctica, aerospace

Revelation 3: Human exploration today is the way of life tomorrow.

Conclusion: Only by having the courage to explore the world can we keep pace with the times.

Only by constantly advancing with the times can we lead the world.

4. The impact of the opening of new routes

① After the opening of new shipping routes, transportation from Europe to Asia, America, Africa and other places became increasingly close, and the world began to become connected as a whole.

②The prosperity of industrial and commercial economy along the Atlantic coast of Europe promoted the emergence and development of capitalism

The connection between the Renaissance and the opening of new sea routes:

1) Both emerged driven by the emergence of capitalism.

2) All promoted the development of emerging capitalism in Western Europe.

3) Created conditions for capitalism to defeat the old feudal forces from both spiritual and material aspects.

The common influence of the Renaissance and the opening of new shipping routes: both promoted the emergence and development of capitalism.

Test your memory:

1. A movement in which people oppose the Catholic Church and promote the emancipation of people’s minds by promoting ancient Greek and Roman culture is called

A. The Reformation b. Renaissance

C. Enlightenment d. New Culture Movement

2. "This is the greatest and progressive change that mankind has ever experienced. It is an era that requires giants and produces giants...". This “revolution” praised by Engels refers to

A. German unification b. Renaissance

C. Open up new routes D. expansion of roman empire

3.In the 14th century, advanced intellectuals in Italy dealt with practical problems not from God, but from people. This trend of thought was called

A. Materialism b. humanism

C. realism d. Enlightenment

4. The main trend of thought during the Renaissance was

A. Utopian socialism B. Idealism C. Clericalism D. Humanism

5. During the Renaissance, the person known as the first poet who moved from the old era to the new era was ( )

A. Dante B. Petrarch C. Raphael D. da Vinci

6. The fundamental reason why the Renaissance movement first emerged in Italy is that

A. The emergence of the emergence of capitalism B. Gathered many cultural celebrities

C. The power of the church weakened D. Preserved much of ancient Greek and Roman culture

7． The picture on the right is a world-famous oil painting. The smile of the character in the painting is known as "the most charming smile in the world." Who is the author of this painting?

A. Dante B. da Vinci

C. Michelangelo D． van gogh

23. Read the following materials.

Dear classmates, let us travel through the time and space tunnel and come to more than 500 years ago, on the rough Atlantic Ocean, a fleet was sailing across the wind and waves. In the cabin, the navigator Columbus wrote this in the "Logbook": "The two majesties decided to send me to India. ... Instead of taking the usual eastbound land route, I went to the west sea route. As far as we know, this route , so far no one has walked there." "I discovered the Indian mainland and a large number of islands in 1492... After that, I returned to Changletir and had an audience with the king. The king ordered me to make a second voyage to seek new information. of discovery, and colonizing the lands I discovered.

Please answer:

(1) There is an error in Columbus's description of geographical location in the material. What is the error?

(2) Why did Columbus "not take the usual eastbound land route, but the westward sea route"?

(3) 1992 is the 500th anniversary of Columbus's voyage. At that time, European countries celebrated enthusiastically and set up monuments and legends for him. But American countries condemned it. Why do American countries hold such an attitude?

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Update Time: 2024-11-24

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