"The Culture of the Three Kingdoms to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties" The ethnic blending of the Three Kingdoms, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties and the development of the unified multi-ethnic feudal country in the Sui and Tang Dynasties PPT tea

"The Culture of the Three Kingdoms to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties" The ethnic blending of the Three Kingdoms, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties and the development of the unified multi-ethnic feudal country in the Sui and Tang Dynasties PPT teaching courseware

Part One Content: Introduction to New Lesson: Worshiping Buddha and Telling Stories

"Gatha Shen Ji": The body is like a bodhi tree, and the mind is like a mirror. Wipe it frequently to avoid dust.

"Gao Huineng": Bodhi has no tree, and the mirror is not a stand. There is nothing there, so where is the dust?

People often think that the latter poem is an epiphany. If there is no desire in the heart, how can one stir up dust. But I think the previous one is about gradual cultivation, and the inner cleansing requires diligent brushing.

Living in the world, walking through the chaos of the world is like walking on yellow sand. Even if there is no desire in the heart, there will always be dust on the body even if the clothes are clean. The human heart is not the glasses in an optical shop, nor is it a hermit who can see through the idle clouds and cranes of the world. There are always some worldly dust that linger.

If your body is dirty, scrub it frequently; if your glasses are dusty, wipe them with a cloth; if your mind is dusty, wipe them off more frequently. "Gatha Shen Ji" more appropriately explains the method of cultivating one's moral character.

Cultural PPT from the Three Kingdoms to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, part 2: the development of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism

Confucianism

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty: Deposed hundreds of schools of thought and only respected Confucianism, and Confucianism was the only one with the highest status - showing a trend of prosperity

Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties: Confucianism itself began to absorb the spirit of Buddhism and Taoism - a new development

During the Sui Dynasty: Confucianists proposed that "the three religions of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism should be combined into Confucianism" - the three religions were unified into one

During the Tang Dynasty: The rulers of the Tang Dynasty pursued the policy of coexistence of the three religions; Han Yu, a Confucian master in the mid-Tang Dynasty, took the lead in proposing the revival of Confucianism. Starting from safeguarding feudal rule, he used Confucianism's theory of destiny and feudal principles to oppose Buddhist views and consolidate the dominance of mainstream Confucian thought.

Taoist

Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties: China's native religion Taoism spread widely among the people; Taoism was influenced by Confucianism and advocated "nourishing Confucianism" and "respecting Taoism"

Tang Dynasty: The rulers of the Tang Dynasty pursued the policy of coexistence of three religions, regarded Laozi as their ancestor, and Taoism was the most respected.

Development of Buddhism

Han Dynasty: Introduced to China; Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty sought Buddhism in the Western Regions and built the White Horse Temple

Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties: Buddhism, a foreign religion, became popular in China; Buddhism also absorbed the essence of Confucianism and gradually became localized in China.

Tang Dynasty: During the period of Wu Zetian, Buddhism also developed greatly in society and formed different sects. Among them, the spread and practice of Zen Buddhism is relatively simple and has the greatest influence on future generations.

Background: Extensive temple construction consumes a lot of money, and many laborers are not engaged in production, which seriously affects the interests of the government.

Representative figure: Fan Zhen, atheist thinker of Southern Dynasties

Advocacy: In view of the views promoted by Buddhism on the separation of form and spirit, and the death of form but immortality of spirit, it is proposed that the human spirit and body are unified, and attacks Buddhism

Government: The rulers, Emperor Taiwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Wuzong of the Tang Dynasty and Shizong of the Later Zhou Dynasty, destroyed Buddhism four times.

Impact: Buddhist culture suffered losses, but the development of Buddhism was not fundamentally curbed

Cultural PPT from the Three Kingdoms to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, the third part: literature and art

The Tang Dynasty was the golden period of poetry creation in Chinese history.

Li Bai's poems are elegant and free, full of imagination and appeal, and have strong romantic feelings. Therefore, Li Bai enjoys the reputation of "Poetic Immortal"

Du Fu's poems reflect the true situation of history, so they are known as the "History of Poetry" and he is known as the "Sage of Poetry"

Bai Juyi's poems are approachable and easy to understand. Women and children can sing them, and they are very popular among the public.

Discuss what aspects of the poems of Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi mainly describe

Li Bai's poems praise the majesty of the motherland's mountains and rivers, express his high-spirited enterprising spirit, and show his contempt for the powerful and otherworldly character.

Many of Du Fu's poems reflect the pain that war and political corruption have brought to the people, expressing sadness, anger and sadness.

Bai Juyi's poems face the social reality directly and reveal the corruption of the rulers and the suffering of the people.

Cultural PPT from the Three Kingdoms to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, Part 4: Technology

Scientist Zu Chongzhi

Zu Chongzhi (420-500), courtesy name Wenyuan, was born in present-day Hebei Province and was an outstanding scientist in ancient times. He made great contributions in mathematics, astronomy, calendar, and mechanical manufacturing.

The concept of pi:

It is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. It is an infinite decimal that can never be divided, represented by the Greek letter π. It is widely used in astronomy, calendar, machinery and other fields, as long as circle problems are involved.

Research on pi in ancient my country:

Western Han Dynasty Liu Xin 3.1547

Eastern Han Dynasty Zhang Heng 3.16

Cao Wei Liu Hui 3.14

Southern Dynasties Zu Chongzhi 3.1415926(7)

Further development of science and technology in Sui and Tang Dynasties

The Tang Dynasty already had Buddhist scriptures, calendars and books printed with engravings.

Books from the mid-Tang Dynasty recorded the formula of gunpowder. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, gunpowder began to be used in warfare, and rockets were the earliest gunpowder weapons.

Seng Yixing, an astronomer of the Tang Dynasty, was the founder of the world's first scientific method to measure the length of the earth's meridian.

Medical scientist Sun Simiao completed the famous medical book "A Thousand Gold Prescriptions". "Tang Materia Medica" compiled by Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty is the earliest pharmacopoeia promulgated by the state in the world.

Cultural PPT from the Three Kingdoms to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, Part Five: Cultural Exchanges between China and Foreign Countries

Sent Tang envoys and Jianzhen to the east

1. Send envoys to Tang Dynasty

(1) Background: During the Tang Dynasty, exchanges between China and Japan were very frequent.

(2) Purpose: Learn China’s advanced culture

(3) Overview

(1) Japan sent envoys to China, which were called "envoys to the Tang Dynasty" at that time.

(2) There were also many overseas students and monks who came to China with the envoys sent to the Tang Dynasty.

(3) There were more than a dozen groups of envoys sent to the Tang Dynasty, with the largest number reaching more than 500 people at one time

(4) Impact: The advanced systems, astronomical calendars, characters, classics, calligraphy art, architectural techniques, etc. of the Tang Dynasty were transmitted back to Japan, which had a profound impact on the development of Japanese society.

2. Jianzhen’s journey to the East

(1) Status: In the cultural exchanges between the Tang Dynasty and Japan, the most influential figure was Jianzhen

Jianzhen (688-763), whose common surname was Chunyu, was from Yangzhou. He became a monk at the age of 14 and took the Buddhist name Jianzhen. He has studied the Buddhist scriptures deeply, and is especially proficient in the precepts. In his later years, he was invited by Japanese monks to travel eastward to Fuso. He encountered dangers and difficulties and became blind before finally arriving in Nara. He made great historical contributions in spreading Buddhism and the culture of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

(2) Overview: Crossing east to Japan, he went through many hardships and became blind after 6 attempts. Arriving in Japan in 754.

(3) Impact:

He taught Buddhist scriptures in Japan and also spread Chinese medicine, literature, calligraphy, architecture, painting, etc., making outstanding contributions to Sino-Japanese cultural exchanges.

The relationship between Tang Dynasty and Silla

1. Background: After Silla became strong, it sent envoys and a large number of overseas students to the Tang Dynasty to study Chinese culture.

2. Overview: Many Silla merchants came to China to do business, and Silla products ranked first in imports from the Tang Dynasty.

3. Influence

(1) Silla established a political system imitating the Tang Dynasty system, adopted the imperial examination system to select officials, and also introduced Chinese scientific and technological achievements such as medicine, astronomy, and calendar calculations

(2) Korean music was also introduced to China, not only performed in the Tang Dynasty court, but also widely popular among the people

Xuanzang's Journey to the West

1. Background: The Tang Dynasty had frequent contacts with Tianzhu

2.Overview

(1) In the early years of Zhenguan, Xuanzang traveled west to Tianzhu to obtain Buddhist scriptures. After 4 years of long journey, he arrived in Tianzhu.

(2) Visited famous temples in Tianzhu to study Buddhism. He once studied in Nalanda Temple and became a well-known Buddhist master.

3. Merit

(1) Returned to Chang'an with a large number of Buddhist scriptures and made significant contributions to the development of Chinese Buddhism

(2) According to his dictation, "The Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty" recorded by his disciples is a precious document for studying the history of exchanges between China and foreign countries.

Cultural PPT from the Three Kingdoms to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, Part Six: Taking History as a Mirror:

Today's China is in a period of reform and opening up and rapid economic development. What enlightenment does the Tang Dynasty's foreign exchanges have for us?

(1) We must have a stable political situation and adhere to the policy of opening up to the outside world

(2) Improve one’s own quality and strive to develop economy and culture

(3) Learn from the broad mind of the Tang Dynasty that embraced all rivers, and while spreading advanced culture, we must be good at absorbing its essence and using it for ourselves

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"Culture from the Three Kingdoms to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties" PPT download:

"Culture from the Three Kingdoms to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties" The ethnic integration of the Three Kingdoms, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties and the development of the unified multi-ethnic feudal country in the Sui and Tang Dynasties PPT Download Part One Content: The Development of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism 1. Confucianism: Dong Zhongshu introduced the Three Strategies of Heaven and Man, and suggested various Not in the six arts (ritual,...

"Culture from the Three Kingdoms to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties" PPT courseware:

"Culture from the Three Kingdoms to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties" The ethnic integration of the Three Kingdoms, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties and the development of the unified multi-ethnic feudal country in the Sui and Tang Dynasties PPT courseware content Part 1: Expressing the development of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism 1. Challenges and new developments faced by Confucianism during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties Development: ⑴..

"Culture from the Three Kingdoms to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties" PPT:

"Culture from the Three Kingdoms to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties" The blending of ethnic groups in the Three Kingdoms, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties and the development of the unified multi-ethnic feudal country in the Sui and Tang Dynasties PPT Part One Content: The development of three religions in parallel, Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. Confucianism has become prosperous under the promotion of rulers; The Tang Dynasty ruled...