"The Culture of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes in Liao, Song, Xia and Jin and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty PPT courseware

Description

"The Culture of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan" The coexistence of multi-ethnic regimes in Liao, Song, Xia and Jin and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty PPT courseware

The first part of the content: New lesson introduction: learning ancient poetry and understanding history

Breaking the spell·composing a poem for Chen Tongfu as a message

When I was drunk, I read the sword by burning the lamp, and I dreamed of blowing the trumpet company.

Eight hundred miles away, the people under his command are burning, and the sound of fifty strings turning over the Great Wall.

Autumn brings troops to the battlefield.

The horse moves very fast, and the bow is as frightening as a thunderbolt.

Finish the affairs of the king and the world, and win the reputation during and after death.

Misfortune happens in vain!

Cultural PPT of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Part 2: The Revival of Confucianism

1. Background: From the Three Kingdoms to the Five Dynasties, Confucianism, which mainly interprets the words and sentences of scriptures, has become increasingly rigid, and its social influence is generally less than that of Buddhism and Taoism.

2. Rise: Starting from the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, a group of scholars launched the Confucian revival movement

3. Claim: They strive to explore the ideological connotation of Confucian classics and emphasize that academics serve reality. In particular, they hope to give full play to the role of Confucianism in strengthening social ethical and moral order and establishing basic values.

4. Slogan: Put forward the slogan of "Establishing a heart for heaven and earth, establishing a destiny for the people, carrying on the unique knowledge for the saints, and creating peace for all generations."

The concept of the word "Neo-Confucianism":

Neo-Confucianism is a kind of New Confucianism that not only understands the nature of the universe and the destiny of life, but also inherits the orthodox teachings of Confucius and Mencius, and can govern the country.

Cheng Zhu Neo-Confucianism

The origin of the term "Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism": Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi made outstanding contributions to the development of Neo-Confucianism. Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty inherited Er Cheng's thought and became the master of it. Therefore, it is generally called "Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism".

1. Northern Song Dynasty——Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi

(1) Heavenly principles are the origin (core) of all things

(2) Natural principles and ethics are directly linked, "Preserve natural principles and destroy human desires."

(3) Epistemology: "Studying things to gain knowledge"

2. Southern Song Dynasty - Zhu Xi, the master of all things

Thoughts: (1) "The Three Cardinal Principles and the Five Constant Principles are the laws of nature"

(2) "Preserve heaven's principles and destroy human desires"

Author: "Collected Commentary on Chapters and Sentences of the Four Books"

"The Analects", "Mencius", "The Great Learning", "The Doctrine of the Mean"

Impact: Becomes official philosophy; spreads overseas

Cultural PPT of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the third part: literature and art

1. Literature

1. Song lyrics

(1) Overview: The Tang Dynasty has appeared, the Five Dynasties to the Song Dynasty have developed, and the Song Dynasty has become one of the main literary forms.

Characteristics of words

A new style of poetry with sentences of different lengths, also called long and short sentences, making it easier to sing

According to the requirements of the music score, there is a certain format, called the word plate

(2) Features

Content changes

Before the Northern Song Dynasty, most of the content described women's sad and resentful mood or the scenery in front of flowers and under the moon.

Since the Northern Song Dynasty, there have been greater changes, diverse styles and extensive content.

(3) Representative

2. Yuan Opera

(1) Content: Yuan opera includes Sanqu, Zaju and Southern Opera, etc.

(2) Characteristics: Zaju integrates music, singing, dancing, movement, and narration to become a comprehensive art.

3.Representative

(1) The best dramatist in the Yuan Dynasty was Guan Hanqing, whose representative work was the tragedy "The Injustice of Dou E"

Guan Hanqing, named Jizhai, lived at the end of the Jin Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty. He is versatile, understands the sufferings of the people, and is familiar with folk languages, which makes the content of his dramas highly realistic and high-spirited in struggle.

(2) Ma Zhiyuan, Zheng Guangzu, Bai Pu and Wang Shifu are as famous as Guan Hanqing.

(3) Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan, Zheng Guangzu, and Bai Pu were known as the "Four Masters of Yuan Opera" after the Ming Dynasty.

Storytelling performances were very popular in cities during the Song and Yuan Dynasties. Storytelling scripts are called Huaben, which are actually early vernacular novels.

Generally speaking, the dialects handed down from Song and Yuan Dynasties can be divided into three categories:

One is the original work of a speaking artist with rough narratives and rough writing, such as "Three Kingdoms Zhiping Hua";

The first is a collection of records with stories narrated by talking artists as the main content. The text is fluent, the description is detailed, and the narrative is comprehensive. It may have been written by scholars or calligraphers at that time, such as "The Jade Guanyin";

The first is popular story readers adapted by literati based on history books, unofficial history notes, classical Chinese novels, etc., such as "The Legacy of Xuanhe" and so on.

2. Art

During the Song and Yuan dynasties, calligraphy masters emerged in large numbers. Compared with the Tang Dynasty, they pursued individuality and did not follow the rules. The most outstanding achievements in painting are landscape paintings, which are characterized by not emphasizing realism but focusing on artistic conception and the interest of pen and ink. The level of flower-and-bird painting and figure painting is also very high.

Cultural PPT of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Part 4: Technology

1. The invention of movable type printing

1. Engraving and printing

(1) Development process: Invented during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and further developed during the Liao, Song, Xixia, and Jin dynasties

(2) Disadvantages: Engraving a plate is labor-intensive and time-consuming, and an engraved plate can only print one kind of book.

2. Movable type printing

(1) Inventor: Bi, a craftsman from the Northern Song Dynasty

(2) Process

(3) Continuous development

① Wang Zhen, a scientist of the Yuan Dynasty, made a systematic summary of wooden movable type technology and made some innovations in "Nongshu", and invented the wheel typesetting method.

②In the middle of the Yuan Dynasty, copper movable type printing appeared

(4) Historical influence: Movable type printing continues to be spread to the outside world and has a major impact on the development of human civilization.

2. Application of compass and gunpowder

1. Compass

(1) Development process

①Sinan: During the Warring States Period, people used natural magnets to make guide tools, which were called "Sinan"

This magnetic spoon is Si Nan. Turning in the smooth copper plate, when it comes to rest, the handle of the key points to the south.

Copper square plate: 24 directions engraved around it

②Compass: During the Northern Song Dynasty, people placed a magnetic steel needle in a plate engraved with degrees to make a compass.

③Compass: In the late Northern Song Dynasty, compasses began to be used on Chinese ships.

(2) Impact: Arab traders spread the compass to Arab countries and later to Europe, which greatly promoted the development of world ocean navigation technology.

2.Gunpowder

Cultural PPT of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Part 5: Ethnic Minority Writings

The Liao Dynasty successively created large and small Khitan characters, which were used to carve stones and erect steles, and also to create literature.

Jin also created the Jurchen script and established the Jurchen Jinshi Section in the imperial examinations, using Jurchen script to answer questions.

Xixia script has been preserved through a large number of unearthed documents, including Buddhist scriptures, laws, dictionaries, and classics and historical works translated from Chinese.

On the eve of Genghis Khan's unification of the grasslands, he ordered people to use Uighur characters to spell Mongolian, forming Uighur Mongolian script. This set of texts was used to compile history, and the Chinese translation of part of it is still known as the "Secret History of Mongolia". As a history written by the nomads themselves, it has special value in the history of historiography

After Kublai Khan came to the throne, he appointed the eminent Tibetan Buddhist monk Pasiba to reform the Tibetan alphabet and create a set of pinyin symbols that were used not only to spell Mongolian but also to spell a wide range of multi-ethnic languages ​​such as Chinese. This was also the earliest attempt to pinyinize Chinese.

Keywords: free download of PPT courseware for the first volume of the unified version of the Outline of Chinese and Foreign History, PPT download of the culture of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, PPT download of the coexistence of the multi-ethnic regimes of Liao, Song, Xia and Jin and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty, .PPT format;

For more information about the PPT courseware "The coexistence of the multi-ethnic regimes of the Liao, Song, Xia and Jin Dynasties and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty and the culture of the Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties", please click on the "The coexistence of the multi-ethnic regimes of the Liao, Song, Xia and Jin Dynasties and the unification of the Yuan Dynasty ppt Culture of the Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties" ppt tag.

"The Culture of Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan" PPT:

"The Culture of the Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties" PPT Part One Content: Course Objectives: 1. Understand the meaning of Neo-Confucianism 2. Understand the literary and artistic achievements of the Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan periods... ... The Culture of the Liao, Song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties PPT, second Part of the content: The Revival of Confucianism 1. The Revival of Confucianism..

File Info

Update Time: 2024-10-18

This template belongs to History courseware The first volume of the unified edition of Chinese and foreign history compendium industry PPT template

Preview