"The Beginning of Japan's War of Aggression against China" China's Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War PPT courseware

"The Beginning of Japan's War of Aggression against China" China's Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War PPT courseware

Part One: The Background of Japan’s Invasion of China

1. After the Meiji Restoration, Japan gradually embarked on the path of militarism and launched many wars of aggression against China.

2. In the early 1930s, Japan was involved in the economic crisis of the capitalist world, and its economy suffered a heavy blow.

3. In order to pass on the crisis and ease domestic conflicts, Japan accelerated the pace of aggression and plunder against China.

Major Events of Japan's Invasion of China (Before the 1930s)

1894-1895 Launched the Sino-Japanese War to invade China and occupy Taiwan

In 1897, he participated in the partition of China and took Fujian as his sphere of influence.

1900-1901 Participated in the Eight-Nation Allied Forces' War of Aggression against China

1904-1905 The Russo-Japanese War expanded the aggressive forces to Northeast my country

During World War I, Japan declared war on Germany, invaded Shandong, and proposed the "Twenty-One Points" for the destruction of China.

The beginning of Japan's war of aggression against China PPT, the second part: the "September 18th" Incident

Time: September 18, 1931

Location: Liutiao Lake, Shenyang

Planner: Japanese Kwantung Army

Result: Under Chiang Kai-shek's non-resistance policy, the Japanese army occupied the three northeastern provinces in less than half a year.

Impact: The "September 18th Incident" was the starting point of China's Anti-Japanese War. The local resistance of the Chinese people opened the prelude to the world's anti-fascist war.

1. Overview:

On the evening of September 18, 1931, the Japanese Kwantung Army stationed in the Northeast blew up a section of the South Manchuria railway track near Liutiao Lake in the northern suburbs of Shenyang as planned, falsely accusing the Chinese army of doing it. Japan used this as an excuse to launch an attack on China's Northeastern Army garrison and bombarded Shenyang City. This is the "September 18th" incident.

2. Result: Since the Northeastern Army was ordered not to resist, all three Northeastern provinces fell in less than half a year.

3. Influence: The "September 18th" Incident was the starting point of China's Anti-Japanese War. The Chinese people's unyielding local resistance opened the prelude to the world's anti-fascist war.

The beginning of Japan's war of aggression against China PPT, the third part: the reaction of people from all walks of life across the country

1. Communist Party of China:

It advocated the establishment of a national anti-Japanese national united front, called for an end to the civil war, and unified foreign policy. Organize the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces and launch anti-Japanese guerrilla warfare.

2. Students:

On December 9, 1935, students in Peiping held an anti-Japanese national salvation demonstration, setting off a new upsurge in the anti-Japanese and national salvation movement.

3. Northeastern soldiers and civilians: Form the Northeast Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army and spontaneously rise up to resist Japan.

4. Patriotic officers and soldiers of the Kuomintang: launched the Xi’an Incident.

The Beginning of Japan's War of Aggression against China PPT, Part 4: Xi'an Incident

Time: December 12, 1936

Initiators: Zhang Xueliang, Yang Hucheng

Location: Xi'an

Purpose: To force Chiang to stop the civil war and unite to resist Japan

1. Background: ① Driven by the Communist Party’s anti-Japanese national united front policy, patriotic generals Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng accepted the proposition of “stopping the civil war and uniting to resist Japan” and ended the hostility with the Red Army in the northwest.

② Zhang and Yang repeatedly asked Chiang Kai-shek to unite with the Communist Party to resist Japan, but they were rejected.

2. Go through:

On December 12, 1936, Kuomintang generals Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng launched a "military remonstrance" in Xi'an and detained Chiang Kai-shek who came to "supervise and suppress" the Red Army. They electrified the whole country and advocated stopping the civil war and uniting to resist Japan.

3. Peaceful settlement:

After the Xi'an Incident, the Communist Party of China advocated a peaceful resolution based on the interests of the entire nation. After many efforts, Chiang Kai-shek was forced to agree to stop the civil war and unite with the Communist Party to resist Japan. He was subsequently released and the Xi'an Incident was peacefully resolved.

4. Meaning:

The peaceful resolution of the Xi'an Incident enabled the Kuomintang and the Communist Party to move from civil war to peace, from splitting and confrontation to cooperating in the fight against Japan. The ten-year civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was basically over, and the anti-Japanese national united front based on the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was initially formed.

Reasons for the Xi'an Incident

1. Fundamental reasons: Japan stepped up its invasion of China, the national crisis became increasingly serious, and a new upsurge of the anti-Japanese and national salvation movement was launched across the country.

2. The inspiration of the Chinese Communist Party’s anti-Japanese national united front policy and the CCP’s pursuit of Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng; Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng accepted the idea of ​​“stopping the civil war and uniting to resist Japan.”

3. Chiang Kai-shek did not give up the policy of "reconciling the internal situation before resisting foreign aggression" and forced Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng to implement the "suppression of communism" plan.

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Part One: Thinking

Why did fascist countries repeatedly succeed in their aggression in the early days of the war?

① Britain, France and other countries pursue appeasement policies (the main reason is...