"Statistical Survey" data collection, arrangement and description PPT courseware 8

Description

"Statistical Survey" data collection, arrangement and description PPT courseware 8

learning target

1. Be able to design appropriate survey plans based on specific situations, and further understand the importance of representativeness and breadth of samples in sampling surveys;

2. Understand the characteristics of the three statistical charts, and be able to choose appropriate statistical charts to describe data according to different problems;

3. Experience the process of organizing simple data, understand statistical thinking, learn to use "data" reasoning methods, and develop the ability to use simple statistical knowledge to solve some simple practical problems.

concept learning

In this survey, the entire class is the entire subject we want to investigate. We have conducted a survey on all subjects. An investigation that examines all subjects like this is a comprehensive survey (also called a census).

Can you think of any other examples in your life of comprehensive investigation? Communicate with peers.

Sampling survey: It is a method that only selects a part of the objects for investigation, and then infers the situation of all objects based on the survey data. The entire object to be investigated is called the population, each object of investigation that makes up the population is called an individual, and the individuals that are extracted form a sample.

induction

Comprehensive survey and sample survey are two ways of collecting data. The data collected by comprehensive surveys are comprehensive and accurate, but they generally cost a lot and take a long time, and some surveys are not suitable for comprehensive surveys. Sampling surveys are low-cost and time-saving, but whether the samples selected are representative is directly related to the accuracy of the overall estimate.

(1) When the number of survey objects is small and the survey is easy to conduct, we generally use a comprehensive survey.

(2) When the results of the investigation are destructive to the object of investigation or will cause certain harm, we usually conduct the investigation by sampling.

(3) When the number of survey objects is large and the survey is difficult to conduct, we often use sampling surveys to conduct surveys.

(4) When there are special requirements for the results of the survey, or the results of the survey have special significance, such as the national census, we must still use a comprehensive survey.

Note: The samples drawn in the sampling survey must be representative.

[Example] In order to formulate a production plan for school uniforms for seventh, eighth, and ninth grade junior high school students in this city, the relevant departments are preparing to conduct a height survey on 180 junior high school boys. There are three survey plans:

A. Measure the height of 180 boys basketball and volleyball players in a youth sports school.

B. Check the statistical data on the height of 180 boys from other places.

C. Choose one complete middle school and two junior middle schools in the urban and suburban counties of this city,

From the relevant grade (1) classes in these six schools, 10 boys were selected by drawing lots, and then their heights were measured.

Among the above three investigation plans, which one do you think is more reasonable? Tell us your reasons.

Answer: Plan C

Reason: The plan selected in Plan A is too special, the samples selected in Plan B have nothing to do with the object of investigation, and the samples selected in Plan C are more representative and scientific than Plan A and Plan B.

Practice in class

1. To clearly express the percentage of each part in the whole, you should choose ( )

A. Bar chart B. Line chart

C. Fan chart D. All three of the above are acceptable

[Analysis] Choose C. Examine the characteristics of three statistical charts.

2. (2011 Neijiang High School Entrance Examination) In order to understand the weight of 32,000 students who took the high school entrance examination in a certain city, the weight of 1,600 students was randomly checked for statistical analysis. The following statement is correct ( )

A. 32,000 students are the total number

B. The weight of 1,600 students is a sample of the population

C. Each student is an individual of the whole

D. The above survey is a census

【Analysis】Choose B． The population is the entire population of objects to be examined, and a part of the individuals extracted from it is called a sample of the population. Options A and C do not specify the specific survey object (weight), so they are incorrect. The survey method for this question is a sampling survey, not a census, so option D is incorrect.

Summary of this lesson

Through the study of this class, we need to master:

1. Data collection: questionnaire;

2. Data organization: tables;

3. Data description: bar chart, fan chart, line chart;

4. Basic concepts: sampling survey, population, individual, sample, sample size, random sampling survey.

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Update Time: 2024-11-21

This template belongs to Mathematics courseware People's Education Press Seventh Grade Mathematics Volume 2 industry PPT template

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