"Solubility" Solution PPT Courseware (Lesson 2)

Description

"Solubility" solution PPT courseware (Lesson 2), 30 pages in total.

New course introduction

There are many saline-alkali lakes in our country, and a large amount of sodium chloride and soda ash are dissolved in the lake water. Farmers there "fish for alkali in winter and dry salt in summer." Do you know why?

New lesson explanation

Think and discuss:

1. Use 20 mL of water to dissolve NaCl and KNO3 respectively at room temperature. Will the dissolved masses be the same when both reach saturation?

2. How to quantitatively describe the solubility of KNO3 and NaCl in water?

1. Solubility of solid substances

At a certain temperature, the mass of a solid substance dissolved when it reaches saturation in 100 g of solvent is called the solubility of this substance in this solvent.

Four major elements:

(1) A certain temperature; (2) The solvent is 100 g;

(3) Must reach saturation state; (4) Dissolved mass, unit is g.

Concept explanation:

(1) If the solvent is not specified, solubility usually refers to the solubility of a substance in water.

(2) The solubility of NaCl at 20°C is 36g, which means: at 20°C, the solution reaches saturation when 36g of sodium chloride is dissolved in 100g of water; or in other words, at 20°C, 100g of water can dissolve up to 36g Sodium chloride.

2. The relationship between solubility and solubility

Solubility only generally describes the ability of a certain substance to dissolve in a certain solvent. It is a physical property of a substance. It is usually represented by rough concepts such as easily soluble, soluble, slightly soluble, poorly soluble or insoluble.

3. Factors affecting the solubility of solid substances

Temperature: When the solute and solvent are constant, temperature is an important factor affecting the solubility of solids. The solubility of most solid substances increases with temperature, such as potassium nitrate; the solubility of a few solid substances is less affected by temperature changes, such as sodium chloride; the solubility of very few solid substances increases with temperature. reduced, such as calcium hydroxide.

Class summary

1. The solubility of a solid indicates the mass of a substance dissolved when it reaches saturation in 100 g of solvent at a certain temperature.

The solubility of most solids increases with increasing temperature, but the solubility of a few solids decreases with increasing temperature.

2. The curve in which the solubility of a substance changes with temperature is called the solubility curve. The solubility of a substance at a certain temperature can be found using the solubility curve.

3. The solubility of a gas refers to the volume of gas when it is dissolved in 1 volume of water and reaches saturation when the pressure is 101kPa and a certain temperature.

Class exercises

1. To increase the solubility of potassium nitrate in water, the appropriate method is ( )

A. Add solvent B. raise temperature

C. Increase potassium nitrate solid D. Stir with glass rod

2. The solubility of a substance has nothing to do with ( ).

A. The amount of solute and solvent B. temperature level

C. Type of solvent D. Type of solute

3. The solubility of potassium nitrate at 20℃ is 31.6g. Which of the following statements is correct ( )

A. 100g water dissolves 31.6g potassium nitrate must reach saturation

B. At 20°C, 100g of saturated potassium nitrate solution contains 31.6g of potassium nitrate.

C. At 20℃, 131.6g potassium nitrate saturated solution contains 31.6g potassium nitrate

D. At this time, the mass of the solution must be 131.6g

Keywords: Free download of PPT courseware for the second volume of the ninth grade chemistry of the People's Education Press, PPT download, .PPT format;

For more information about the "Solubility of Solution" PPT courseware, please click the Solution PPT Solubility PPT tab.

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Update Time: 2024-11-02

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