"Sodium and Its Compounds" Important elements in seawater - sodium and chlorine PPT (several compounds of sodium in lesson 2)

Description

"Sodium and Its Compounds" Important elements in seawater - sodium and chlorine PPT (several compounds of sodium in lesson 2)

Part One: Learning Objectives

Curriculum Standards

1. Understand the main properties of sodium peroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate through experimental exploration.

2. Combined with application examples in real scenarios, understand the application of sodium peroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in production and life.

core competencies

1. Macroscopic identification: Can explain the relationship between the properties and applications of common sodium compounds.

2. Scientific inquiry: Able to understand the properties and changing patterns of important sodium compounds through experimental inquiry, and design simple experimental plans.

Sodium and its compounds PPT, Part 2 content: Knowledge point 1 Sodium oxide and sodium peroxide

1. sodium oxide

(1) Physical properties: _____ color powdery solid.

(2) Chemical properties: an alkaline oxide that can react with water, acid, acidic oxides, etc.

① Reacts with water: __________________;

②Soluble in hydrochloric acid: ____________________________;

③ React with CO2: _________________________.

2. sodium peroxide

(1) Physical properties: _______ color powdery solid.

(2)Chemical properties

①Reacts with water

Experimental exploration:

Experimental conclusion: Na2O2 reacts with water to produce O2 and alkaline substances, and at the same time releases heat.

Chemical equation: ____________________________________________, the oxidant in the reaction is ___________, and the reducing agent is _______.

②React with CO2

Chemical equation: ____________________________, the oxidant in the reaction is _______, and the reducing agent is _______.

(3) Important uses: as an oxygen supply agent in breathing masks or submarines.

use as you learn

1. Which of the following statements about the similarities and differences between sodium peroxide and sodium oxide is incorrect ()

A. The final solid product obtained after being placed in the air for a long time is the same

B． Can react with carbon dioxide or water

C. When reacting with water, sodium hydroxide is produced

D． Sodium peroxide is a strong oxidizing agent, while sodium oxide is only an alkaline oxide

2. Add excess Na2O2 powder to the purple litmus solution and shake. The following statement is correct ()

A. Finally the solution turns blue

B． The solution first turns blue and finally fades.

C. The solution is still purple

D． Because the redox reaction between Na2O2 and litmus occurs, no bubbles are generated.

Sodium and its compounds PPT, Part 3 content: Knowledge point 2 Sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate

1. Experiment 1: Solubility of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate

Add a small amount of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate (about 1g each) to the two test tubes respectively, complete the following experiments, and fill in the experimental phenomena and corresponding conclusions in the table below:

2. Experiment 2: Thermal stability of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate

3. Experiment 3: Comparison of the reactions of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and hydrochloric acid

(1) Complete the experiment as required in the picture above: Add 3 mL of dilute hydrochloric acid to the two test tubes respectively, and place two small balloons each containing a small amount of Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 powder of equal mass on the mouths of the two test tubes. Pour the Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 in the balloon into the test tube at the same time. The observed experimental phenomenon is ____________________; the mixing ratio of NaHCO3 and hydrochloric acid is ____________________ between Na2CO3 and hydrochloric acid.

(2) Experimental conclusion: The reaction between NaHCO3 and hydrochloric acid produces more gas and is more violent than the reaction between Na2CO3 and hydrochloric acid of the same mass.

The ionic equations for the reaction of Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 with hydrochloric acid are _______________________________ and _______________________________ respectively.

4. In conclusion

Name Sodium carbonate (soda ash or soda) Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)

Physical properties: white powder, easily soluble in water, fine white crystals, soluble in water, solubility smaller than Na2CO3

Reacts with acid. Can react, producing gas. Reacts violently, producing gas.

Reacts with alkali. Can react with Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2 solution. Can react with alkali solution.

Thermal stability Stable, not easy to decompose when heated Easy to decompose when heated

Can be converted into Na2CO3�H2O＋CO2 solution by adding NaOH or solid heating NaHCO3

Troubleshooting

1. How to identify sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate

Based on principles and conclusions

Thermal stability 2NaHCO3======△Na2CO3+CO2↑+H2O; Na2CO3 does not decompose when heated. NaHCO3 produces gas when heated, and Na2CO3 does not change.

Reaction with CaCl2 and BaCl2 CO2-3+Ca2+===CaCO3↓, CO2-3+Ba2+===BaCO3↓; HCO-3 does not react with Ca2+ and Ba2+, the precipitated one is Na2CO3, and the unchanged one is NaHCO3

The severity of the reaction with hydrochloric acid Na2CO3+2HCl===2NaCl+H2O+CO2↑; NaHCO3+HCl===NaCl+H2O+CO2↑ The most violent gas generated is NaHCO3, and the less violent one is Na2CO3

2. Impurity removal methods for sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate

Mixture impurity removal method

Na2CO3 solid (NaHCO3) heating

NaHCO3 solution (Na2CO3) Pour in sufficient CO2 gas

Na2CO3 solution (NaHCO3) Add appropriate amount of NaOH solution

use as you learn

1. In the following comparison of the properties of Na2CO3 and NaHCO3, which one is correct ()

A. Thermal stability: Na2CO3

B． Solubility in aqueous solution at room temperature: Na2CO3

C. Under the same conditions, the reaction speed with dilute hydrochloric acid: Na2CO3

D． When the masses are the same, the amount of hydrochloric acid consumed: Na2CO3

2. There is existing sodium carbonate solid mixed with a small amount of sodium bicarbonate. The following method for purifying sodium carbonate is correct ()

A. Add excess sodium hydroxide solution

B． Add appropriate amount of hydrochloric acid

C. Heat the solid thoroughly until the mass remains unchanged

D． Add calcium chloride solution

3. In order to test whether NaHCO3 solid contains Na2CO3, among the following experiments and judgments, the correct one is ()

A. Heat and observe whether gas is released

B． After dissolving in water, add BaCl2 solution to see if there is any precipitation.

C. After dissolving in water, add clarified lime water to see if there is any precipitation.

D． Take a solid sample and add hydrochloric acid to see if bubbles are produced.

Sodium and its compounds PPT, Part 4 content: Knowledge point 3 Flame color test

(1) Definition: Many ____________________ will cause the flame to show a characteristic color when burning. According to the characteristic color of the flame, the metal elements contained in the sample can be judged. In chemistry, this qualitative analysis operation is called flame color. test.

(2)Operating steps

(3) Dip in the sodium carbonate solution and do the flame color test: the flame is ______ color; dip it in the potassium carbonate solution and do the flame color test: observe through the blue cobalt glass, the flame is ______ color.

Troubleshooting

(1) The color of the flame produced by the flame color test has nothing to do with the existence state of the element. For example, when burning sodium compounds and elements, the flame color is yellow.

(2) The flame color test is a physical change, not a chemical change.

use as you learn

1. Xiao Ming dipped a clean platinum wire into a colorless solution and burned it on the outer flame of the alcohol lamp. The flame turned yellow. Based on this experimental phenomenon, the following four students correctly judged the metal ions present in the solution ()

2. Which of the following statements is correct ()

A. The flame color test is yellow, indicating that the substance must contain sodium.

B． If the flame color test of a certain substance does not show purple (it does not pass through the blue cobalt glass), it means that there is definitely no potassium element in the substance.

C. Flame color test cannot be used to identify substances

D． Flame color test is a chemical change

3. What can prove that a certain solution contains sodium chloride ()

A. The flame color test is yellow

B． The solution smells salty

C. Take a small amount of the solution in a test tube, add dropwise the silver nitrate solution acidified with dilute nitric acid, and a white precipitate will appear.

D． Both the phenomenon in item A and the phenomenon in item C occur

Sodium and its compounds PPT, Part 5 content: Qualification examination training

1. Which of the following is more correct for Na2O and Na2O2 ()

A. Na2O2 and Na2O are both sodium oxides and alkaline oxides.

B． Na2O and Na2O2 are white solids that are easily soluble in water (react with water)

C. Na2O2 is both an oxidant and a reducing agent in the reaction with CO2

D． Both Na2O2 and Na2O can be used as oxygen supply agents

2. Among the following substances, the one that can react with both hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is ()

A. Sodium carbonate b. sodium bicarbonate

C. Sodium chloride d. copper sulfate

3. There are two test tubes containing Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 solutions respectively. The following operations and judgments to identify the two are correct ()

Option Action Judgment

A Add clarified lime water separately. The precipitate is Na2CO3.

B Add equal concentrations of dilute hydrochloric acid respectively. The one with the more violent reaction is Na2CO3.

C Add CaCl2 solution respectively. The precipitate is Na2CO3.

D Add hydrochloric acid of equal concentration drop by drop. The bubbles immediately generated are Na2CO3.

4. The fireworks in the fireworks show are related to the knowledge of "flame color test" in high school chemistry. Which of the following statements about "flame color test" is correct ()

A. When non-metallic elements burn, the flame is colorless.

B． The flame color of NaCl and Na2CO3 is the same when burning

C. All flame color tests should be observed through blue cobalt glass

D． All metals and their compounds have a colored flame when burned

Keywords: PPT courseware for high school chemistry compulsory course 1 from the People's Education Press is free to download, sodium and its compounds are PPT downloads, important elements sodium and chlorine in seawater are PPT downloads, several compounds of sodium are PPT downloads, .PPT format;

For more information about the PPT courseware "Several Compounds of Sodium, Important Elements Sodium and Chloride in Seawater, Sodium and Chloride and Their Compounds", please click on the Several Compounds of Sodium ppt Important Elements Sodium and Chloride in Seawater ppt Sodium and Its Compounds ppt tag.

"Seven Traps" in the Application of Avogadro's Constant (NA)" Important elements in seawater - sodium and chlorine PPT:

"Seven Traps in the Application of Avogadro's Constant (NA)" Important Elements Sodium and Chlorine in Seawater PPT Part 1 Content: Knowledge and Skills on Traps - Applicable conditions for gas molar volume 22.4 Lmol-1 refers to standard conditions ( Gas friction at 0 ℃, 1.01105 Pa)...

"End of Chapter Review Lesson" Important elements in seawater - sodium and chlorine PPT:

"End of Chapter Review Lesson" Important Elements Sodium and Chlorine in Seawater PPT Special Topic Summary Practice Calculations centered on the amount of matter 1. The amount of matter and Avogadro's constant, gas molar volume, molar mass, and amount of matter relationship between concentrations. 2. Calculation formula (1)n..

"Integrated Improvement at the End of Chapter" Important elements in seawater - sodium and chlorine PPT:

"Integrated Improvement at the End of Chapter" Important Elements Sodium and Chlorine in Seawater PPT Part One Content: 1. Properties, transformation and application of sodium and its compounds 1. Transformation relationship of sodium and its compounds 2. Important properties and applications of sodium and its compounds [For training] 1. the following..

File Info

Update Time: 2024-11-02

This template belongs to Chemistry courseware People's Education Press High School Chemistry Compulsory Course I industry PPT template

Preview