"Sodium and Sodium Oxides" Sodium and its Compounds PPT

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"Sodium and Sodium Oxides" Sodium and its Compounds PPT

Part One: Goals and Competencies:

1. Understand the main properties of sodium, sodium oxide, and sodium peroxide through application examples in real situations or through experimental exploration. (Macroscopic identification and microscopic analysis)

2. Understand the applications of sodium, sodium oxide, and sodium peroxide in production and life. (Scientific attitude and social responsibility)

Sodium and sodium oxide PPT, part 2 content: independent preview to explore new knowledge

1. Active metal element - sodium

1. reaction of sodium with oxygen

Micro tip: ① Sodium is a silver-white metal with low hardness and low melting point. It is easily oxidized in the air. When storing sodium in the laboratory, it should be isolated from the air and usually stored in kerosene. ②Sodium reacts with oxygen at room temperature to generate sodium oxide, and when heated or ignited, it generates sodium peroxide. It can be seen that when sodium reacts with oxygen, the reaction conditions are different, and the products are different.

2. Phenomenon and causes of reaction between sodium and water

Chemical equation for the reaction: ____________________________.

2. Sodium oxide and sodium peroxide

1. Properties of sodium oxide

Sodium oxide is a ______ oxide and has the properties of an alkaline oxide.

Write the following reaction equation:

(1) Reacts with water: ___________;

(2) Reaction with acidic oxides (such as CO2): ___________;

(3) Reaction with acid (such as HCl): ___________.

2. Properties of sodium peroxide

Write the following reaction equation:

(1) Reaction with H2O: __________________;

(2) Reaction with CO2: __________________.

Sodium and sodium oxide PPT, the third part: core breakthroughs and difficult difficulties

Changes in sodium concentration when exposed to air

1. Metal sodium is exposed to the air for a long time and eventually completely transforms into Na2CO3 powder. The main changes and phenomena in this process are:

2. The chemical equation that undergoes the main changes is

①4Na＋O2===2Na2O.

②Na2O＋H2O===2NaOH.

④2NaOH+CO2===Na2CO3+H2O, Na2CO3+10H2O===Na2CO3·10H2O.

⑤Na2CO3·10H2O===Na2CO3＋10H2O.

1. When a piece of silvery-white metallic sodium is placed in the air, a series of changes will occur: the surface quickly darkens, "sweats", and turns into a white solid (powder). Which of the following statements is correct ()

A. The surface darkens rapidly because sodium reacts with oxygen in the air to form sodium peroxide

B． "Sweating" is because the generated sodium hydroxide absorbs H2O in the air and forms a solution on the surface.

C． Finally turns into sodium carbonate crystals

D． All chemical reactions in this process are redox reactions

B [ The surface of sodium darkens quickly when exposed to the air. This is because Na reacts with O2 to form Na2O. Item A is incorrect; Na2O reacts with water to form NaOH, and NaOH absorbs H2O and CO2 in the air to form Na2CO3• 10H2O, Na2CO3·10H2O gradually weather and dehydrate, and finally become Na2CO3 powder, B is correct, C is wrong; only the oxidation of sodium in this process is a redox reaction, item D is wrong. ]

2. Metal sodium was produced by electrolysis of sodium hydroxide in 1807. This principle was applied to industrial production and was successful only in about 1891. In 1921, the industrial method of electrolyzing sodium chloride to produce sodium was realized. The reaction principle is: 2NaCl (melted) ===== electrolysis 2Na + Cl2↑.

Answer the following questions about elemental sodium:

(1) Among the following, the correct method for preserving metallic sodium is ________.

A. Put in a brown bottle B. put in fine sand

C． Put in water D. put in kerosene

Sodium and sodium oxide PPT, part 4: meeting standards in class and improving literacy

1. Take a piece of metallic sodium and heat it in a burning spoon. The correct description of the following experimental phenomenon is ()

① The metal melts first ② Burns in the air and releases yellow sparks ③ After burning, a white solid is obtained ④ The flame is yellow when burning ⑤ After burning, a light yellow solid is produced

A. ①②B. ①②③

C． ①③ D． ①④⑤

D: The melting point of sodium is only 97.8 ℃, and it melts immediately when heated. Sodium is a very reactive metal. When heated, it combines with oxygen to form sodium peroxide, which is light yellow. The flame of sodium burning in air is yellow. ]

2. When an appropriate amount of metallic sodium is put into the following solution, gas is released but no precipitation is produced ()

A. Hydrochloric acid B. Saturated sodium hydroxide solution

C． FeCl3 solution D. CuSO4 solution

A: The reaction between sodium and aqueous solution releases hydrogen gas; item A, the reaction is 2Na+2HCl===2NaCl+H2↑, only the gas does not precipitate; item B, the NaOH solution is a saturated solution, after adding sodium, water is consumed and hydrogen oxidation is precipitated Sodium crystal; item C, the sodium hydroxide generated by the reaction of sodium and water can further react with FeCl3 to produce iron hydroxide precipitation; item D, the sodium hydroxide generated by the reaction of sodium and water can further react with CuSO4 to produce copper hydroxide precipitation . ]

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For more information about the PPT courseware "Sodium and its Compounds Sodium and Sodium Oxides", please click on the Sodium and Its Compounds ppt Sodium and Sodium Oxides ppt tag.

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Update Time: 2024-11-22

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