"Social Change and Shang Yang's Reform" PPT Courseware 2 during the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties

"Social Change and Shang Yang's Reform" PPT Courseware 2 during the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties

Yi Yi Yi

1. What three dynasties does the "Three Ancient Dynasties" refer to?

Xia, Shang, Zhou

2. Which dynasty was the first in Chinese history?

Xia Dynasty

3. Which dynasty is the first dynasty in Chinese history that has unearthed written records?

Shang Dynasty

Shang Yang's Reform

(1) Background

1. Qin’s internal and external situation

2. Qin Xiaogong seeks talents

3. Shang Yang’s personal characteristics

(2) Time - 356 BC

(3) Purpose - To enrich the country and strengthen the army

(4) Content:

1. Encourage farming and weaving...punished as slaves

2. Reward military merit

3. Establish a county system:

4. Establish a household registration and implement the joint residence method.

Qin's national power increased sharply and its army's combat effectiveness was greatly enhanced, laying the foundation for unifying the country.

(5) Results

Qin became the strongest country among the seven heroes

(6) Meaning

After the implementation of the new law, Qin's national power increased sharply and its army's combat effectiveness was greatly enhanced. It became the strongest country among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, laying the foundation for its ultimate unification.

Use your brain:

1. Why was Shang Yang torn apart by a car?

The reform abolished the hereditary privileges of the nobility and violated the interests of the old nobility.

It shows that reform cannot be smooth sailing, and reform is a process of repeated twists and turns.

2. Why was Shang Yang’s reform successful?

①Follow the trend of historical development (the main reason)

② In line with the interests of the emerging landlord class

③Won the support of the broad masses of the people

④Conducive to the development of production

⑤Shang Yang has the courage and courage to innovate

⑥Qin Xiaogong’s support

⑦Effective measures

3. What is the successful experience of Shang Yang’s reforms that turned Qin from weak to strong?

① Reform can enrich the country and strengthen the military, so we must persist in reform;

②Talent is a reliable guarantee for economic development and national prosperity. Therefore, we must attach great importance to education and implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education.

③Reform is not smooth sailing. Reform is the trend of historical development and is unstoppable. So have faith.

practice

1. Among the measures of Shang Yang’s reform, which of the following types of people were rewarded ( ).

①People who are good at reading books ②People who are good at agricultural production

③Those who fight well ④Those who do well in business

A.①② B.②③ C. ①②③ D. ②③④

2. The picture on the right reflects ( ) among Shang Yang’s reform measures.

A. Unify weights and measures

B. Rewards for military merit

C. Reward production

D. Implement the county system

stay away

[Idiom Story] During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was civil strife in Jin, and Chong'er, the son of Duke Xiang of Jin, fled to Chu. King Cheng of Chu took him in and entertained him. He promised that if there was a war between Jin and Chu, the Jin army would retreat. Later, Chong'er returned to power in Jin with the help of Duke Mu of Qin. The State of Jin supported the State of Song and had a conflict with the State of Chu. The two armies met in Chengpu. Chong'er retreated, luring the enemy deep and winning a great victory.

"Zuo Zhuan: The Twenty-Third Year of Duke Xi": When Jin Gongzi Chong'er (Jin Wengong) fled to Chu State, the King of Chu asked him how he would repay him in the future. Chong'er said that if Jin and Chu were to fight in the future, they should "retreat." Later, Jin and Chu fought in Chengpu. Duke Wen of Jin kept his promise and withdrew his army ninety miles away.

[Explanation of the word] It is a metaphor for giving in to others and not fighting with them.

[Explanation of the word] She: In ancient times, the marching distance was measured at thirty miles.

Aim for the Central Plains

"Quest for the Central Plains" is one of the Chinese words. "Wen" refers to asking, "ding" refers to the ancient cooking utensils, and "Zhongyuan" refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in an attempt to seize the world;

Used to describe someone who is selfish and wants to take possession of everything. This idiom comes from "Zuo Zhuan".

Legend has it that in ancient times Xia Yu cast the Nine Tripods to represent the Nine Provinces and serve as a symbol of national power. During the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, Jiuding was regarded as an important national weapon and was possessed by those who conquered the world. Jiuzhou refers to Yuzhou, Yizhou, Yanzhou, Qingzhou, Xuzhou, Yangzhou, Jingzhou, Yongzhou and Youzhou; Jiuding refers to Jiding, Yanding, Qingding, Xuding, Yangding, Jingding, Yuding, Liangding and Yongding .

The Xia Dynasty lasted for 470 years. By 1600 BC, Xia Jie's country was overthrown because of his lack of moral principles. Jiuding was obtained by Cheng Tang, who established the Shang Dynasty. The Shang Dynasty lasted for more than 550 years. In 1046 BC, King Zhou violently overthrew the country, and the Jiuding was acquired by Ji Fa, who established the Zhou Dynasty. In 606 BC, King Chuzhuang wanted to replace Zhou Dynasty, so he went to the Zhou royal family to inquire about the size of Jiuding in the name of paying homage to the emperor. As a result, he encountered a soft nail with Zhou minister Wang Sunman. Wang Sunman said: "Ruling the world depends on virtue and not on tripods." King Zhuang said unconvinced: "Don't rely on Jiuding. Our country of Chu has copper. We only need to break the tip of the halberd and it will be enough to make Jiuding." Wang Sunman said: "Your Majesty, please don't forget. At the beginning, Xia Yu was virtuous and all the princes in the world supported him. Only then did all the regions contribute copper materials so that Qicai could cast the Nine Cauldrons to represent all things. Later, Xia Jie became confused and the cauldron was transferred to Shang; Shang Zhou was tyrannical, and the tripod was transferred to Zhou. If the emperor was virtuous, the tripod would be small but heavy and difficult to move; if the emperor was unvirtuous, the tripod would be large but easy to move. The national destiny of the Zhou Dynasty was not over yet, and the tripod was difficult to move. You can't ask about the seriousness of it." King Zhuang had nothing to say. From then on, people referred to attempts to seize power as "asking for the throne."

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"Social Change and Shang Yang's Reform" PPT courseware during the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties:

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