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"Social Behavior" Animal Movement and Behavior PPT Courseware 7
Think about it, discuss it
Why are the worker ants that make up the "raft" willing to "sacrifice" themselves?
Although this behavior is detrimental to the individual, it is beneficial to the group and even the species.
Which animals live in groups?
bees, ants, monkeys, antelopes,
Penguins, walruses, zebras, elephants...
Social Behavior Concept:
Maintain group life; divide labor and cooperate among different members within the group; jointly maintain group life.
social behavioral characteristics
Queen ant (female ant)
The largest in size, it is a full-time "egg-laying machine". Its huge abdomen is disproportionate to the rest of the body, and it cannot move, but it can lay many eggs, allowing the race to continue.
Ant king (male ant)
The abdomen is longer and the individual is larger. It is specialized in mating with female ants to complete the fertilization process.
soldier ants
It specializes in the defense of ant nests. It has a pincer-like jaw structure on its head. It is strong and good at fighting and protecting the nest from enemies.
worker ants
The smallest individual, it builds nests, feeds other ants, and is responsible for removing and caring for eggs laid by female ants.
Baboon groups form a "hierarchical society", and members are arranged in hierarchical order according to individual size, strength, health and ferocity.
Privileges enjoyed by the “leader”:
Priority in food and spouse;
Prioritize nesting sites;
Other members will make a submissive gesture towards it and dare not fight back against his attacks.
Obligations of the “leader”:
Responsible for directing the behavior of the entire community and working with other male baboons to defend the group.
Composed of queen bee, drone bee and worker bee.
There is only one queen bee in a colony, who is slender and responsible for laying eggs.
There are only a few drone bees, with stout bodies. Their life-long duty is to mate with the queen bee until they finally die.
Worker bees are smaller and responsible for collecting pollen, feeding the queen, drones and young bees, building the nest, cleaning the hive, and guarding the hive.
Characteristics of social behavior:
Certain organizations often form within groups;
There is a clear division of labor among members;
Some groups also form hierarchies.
Bee's Newsletter
For example, bees can tell their partners the distance and direction of the nectar source by dancing the circle dance and the "8" tail wagging dance. This is the "language" of bees. Another example is that the queen bee can secrete a substance to communicate with worker bees, which can inhibit the maturation of the gonads of worker bees and the production of new worker bees to maintain the organization of the entire bee colony. It can be said that the substances secreted by the queen bee also play a "language" role.
A vervet monkey makes a sound when it finds a snake, and other monkeys will stand up on their hind legs and look at the ground carefully; and when it finds a leopard, it makes another sound, and other monkeys will immediately climb up nearby. When it finds the eagle circling in the sky, it will make a third sound. At this time, if other monkeys are still climbing on the branches outside the big tree or standing on the grass, they will be vulnerable to attack. Therefore, They will gather among the dense branches near the trunk or rush into the dense bushes.
1. Do vervet monkeys make the same calls when they detect different enemies?
2. How will other vervet monkeys react when they hear the calls of their companions?
3. Why do vervet monkeys live in groups?
Class exercises
True or False
1. All animals living in groups have social behavior ( )
2. Only groups with social behaviors can exchange information ( )
Multiple choice questions:
1. Among the following, which one belongs to the social behavior of animals ( )
A. A hen leads a group of chicks to forage for food
B. There is a large group of bats living in the cave.
C. The queen bee is fed by worker bees from childhood to old age.
D. There are a large number of herbivores living on the grassland.
2. Which of the following behaviors does not belong to information transmission behavior ( )
A. The female moth secretes pheromones. B. The worker bees perform a figure-8 dance.
C. Cockroaches lie dormant during the day and emerge at night. D. The chirping of birds
3. The communication method of ants is ( )
A. Smell B. Vision C. Hearing D. Taste
4. There are female ants, male ants, worker ants, and soldier ants in the termite colony. Its function is to build nests, feed other termites and take care of eggs ( )
A. Female ants B. Male ants C. Worker ants D. Soldier ants
5. For animals living in groups, the following situations will occur without communication. The incorrect one is ( )
A. Individual animals cannot communicate with each other.
B. It is more difficult to find food and defend against enemies.
C. Mating and reproduction of individuals of different genders are affected
D. Immediate death
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